Adding and Subtracting Vectors

Vectors represent amounts of energy and direction. They add up when they are going in the same direction, and cancel each other out if they point in opposite directions. If they are at an angle to each other, they add or subtract energy and change directions when they meet (Figure 4-3). This is a brief introduction to vector mathematics. A good physics book will give you additional information.

An illustration shows the process of adding vectors.

Figure 4-3 Examples of adding vectors.

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