1 Ich am I am;

5 ‘For the sake of holy charity’

1 in the morë lay dwelt in the moor;

3 sevenightë fullë seven full nights;

8 ‘good was her food’;

10 primerole primrose;

15 dring drink;

21 wellë-spring spring;

22 bour chamber

3 dorst dared; stele steal;

4 bar bore; flour flower

1 Averil April;

2 spray twig; springe sprout;

3 foul bird; hirë wil her desire;

4 on hyrë lede in her language;

6 semeliest fairest; thynge things, creatures;

8 baundoun power;

9 ‘a fair good fortune I have received’;

10 Ichot I know;

11 lent gone;

12 light alighted;

13 on hew in hue, colour; her hair;

15 lufsom chere lovely expression; logh smiled;

16 middel smal slender waist; wel y-make well made;

17 but she unless she;

18 to ben to be; make companion;

19 Ichulle forsake I will refuse;

20 feyë doomed, dead;

22 Nightës at night; wende toss;

23 Forthy for which cause; wongës cheeks; waxeth won grow pale;

25 is y-lent me on has come upon me;

26 so wyter wiser;

27 bounté excellence;

28 swyre neck; swon swan;

29 may in toune maiden alive;

31 wowyng wooing; forwake worn out;

32 so water in wore as water in a troubled pool;

33 revë me my make rob me of my mate;

34 y-yernëd yore yearned for so long;

35 tholen whilë sore suffer pain for a time;

37 geynest under gore most gracious woman alive;

38 roun song

1 Erthë earth; tok took;

2 wogh sin;

4 drogh drew;

5 leyde laid;

6 in erthënë throgh in an earthen pit, grave;

7 tho then; hevëde had;

8 ynogh enough (7–8 ‘then had “earth” enough “earth” from “earth” ’)

1 worldës wyn world’s joy;

2 ‘is nothing without Christ’s cross’;

4 blode blood;

5 t’is herte to His heart; myn in my lodging;

6 fulsum fode abundant food;

7 than yeve I litel of then would I give little for;

8 ther there [with Christ]

1 Gloria mundi est the glory of the world is;

2 als as, like; flouwende flowing;

3 skiye cloud; pasende passing;

4 sadwe shadow; undermel early afternoon;

5 quel wheel

2 wroughte created;

3 ferë companion;

6 me lettëd herë kept me here;

7 slow slew;

8 drow drew;

9 leyde on berë laid on a bier;

10 pes peace;

11 ches chose;

12 byen derë buy [redeem] at a cost;

15 bothen both;

18 wonne won

*part of a description, in Latin, of Fortune’s wheel

1 bot deliverance

2 sote sweet;

3 welk walked;

6 sterre stars; over mesure beyond measure;

8 launde glade;

10 here her;

11 cast design;

12 foul bird; engendrure procreation;

13 prest eagerly ready;

14 take hire dom receive her decision; audyence hearing;

16 chese his make choose its mate;

20 unethe hardly;

23 Devyseth describes;

27 woned accustomed;

29 foules of ravyne birds of prey;

34 sed seed;

35 so fele so many;

37 perseth pierces;

39 clerkes scholars; devyse conne know how to describe;

40 tiraunt tyrant; donne dun, dull-brown;

41 doth pyne causes suffering;

42 ravyne rapine;

43 distrayneth grasps;

44 sperhauk sparrow-hawk;

45 quayles foo quail’s foe; merlioun merlin (small falcon);

47 yën meke meek eyes;

48 ayens in anticipation of;

49 ek also; bode omen;

50 geaunt giant;

51 thef thief; chough crow; janglynge pye chattering magpie;

52 eles fo eel’s foe;

54 stare starling; bewrye betray;

55 ruddok robin redbreast;

56 orloge timepiece; thorpes lyte small villages;

57 Venus sone son of Venus;

58 clepeth calls;

59 swalwe swallow; mortherere of the foules smale murderer of bees;

61 turtil turtledove;

63 fesaunt pheasant;

64 waker watchful; unkynde unnatural;

65 popynjay parrot;

66 stroyere destroyer;

67 wrekere punisher; avouterye adultery;

69 wys wise;

70 throstil thrush; frosty white-chested;

75 dide his besy cure worked diligently;

76 benygnely graciously; chese choose;

77 formel female (bird); make mate

1 sonne sun;

2 wedres overshake storms shaken off;

4 on-lofte on high;

9 recovered got back; make mate;

10 mowe may

2 Ther God may God;

3 make in compose;

4 n’envie do not contend with;

5 subgit be humble yourself;

6 pace pass;

12 red… or elles songe read… or else recited;

13 understonde understood;

14 rather earlier;

21 slough slew;

24 holughnesse concavity;

25 ‘leaving on the reverse side each planetary sphere’;

26 avysement observation;

27 erratik sterres wandering planets; herkenyng listening to; armonye the music of the spheres;

29 gan avyse contemplated;

33 to respect of in respect of;

35 Ther where;

36 lough laughed;

38 dampned damned;

39 lust desire for earthly pleasure;

42 sorted assigned;

43 fyn end;

45 real royal;

47 brotelnesse brittleness;

52 repeyreth hom return home (to heaven);

55 fair fairground;

58 crois cross; beye redeem;

59 starf died;

60 falsen prove false to;

61 holly wholly;

63 feynede counterfeit;

64 payens pagans’;

67 guerdoun for travaille reward for effort;

68 rascaille worthless rabble;

75 starf on rode died on the cross;

81 foon foes

1 dalf dug; span spun;

2 tho then

2 shope me dressed; shroudes rough garments; shep shepherd;

3 ‘in the habit of a hermit, but not one dedicated to holy works’;

4 here hear;

5 say saw; sellies marvels; selkouthe extraordinary;

6 hulles hills;

7 of-walked of walking;

8 launde grassy clearing; lened reclined;

9 me mette I dreamed;

11 witterliche truly; seigh saw;

14 aftir in the direction of;

16 waytede looked;

17 leue believe;

18 woned dwelt; wones regions;

22 ful selde seldom;

23 swonken worked;

24 that what;

25 pruyde pride; parayled dressed;

26 continance of clothyng outward show; kyne gyse kinds of way;

27 mony many (other people);

30 ankeres anchorites; selles cells;

31 cayren wander;

32 likerous liflode dainty living; lykame bodies;

33 chaffare trade; cheveth succeeded;

35 murthes entertainments; conneth know how to;

36 swynke labour; swete sweat; othes oaths;

37 foles hem maketh behave like fools;

39 Poule Saint Paul;

40 ‘he who speaks filth…’;

41 yede went;

42 bretful brimful;

43 fayteden begged falsely;

44 gomes men;

45 Robardes knaves robbers;

46 slep sleep; slewthe sloth; sueth follows;

47 plighten bound;

49 tales speeches;

50 leve leave; lye tell lies;

51 on an hep in a crowd; hokede crooked;

53 lobies lubbers; longe tall; swynke labour;

54 copis long gowns; to be knowe to be distinguished (as different);

57 wombe belly;

58 glosede expounded; as hem good likede at will;

59 doctours doctors of theology;

60 maistres masters;

61 marchen go hand in hand;

62 chapman merchant; shryve shrive, confess;

63 ferlyes strange events;

64 and but unless;

65 moste meschief greatest misfortune; molde earth

1 shryfte confession;

2 kayres hym goes; to kyrke-ward to church; conpte reckoning (of sin);

4 Betene Betty’s; brewestere ale-wife;

5 whodeward whither;

7 sennes then; shryve confessed; synege sin;

8 assaye have a taste;

10 pyonie peony (-seeds);

11 fenkelsedes fennel-seeds;

12 Othes oaths;

13 Sesse the souteres Sissy the shoemaker;

14 Watte the wernare Walt the warren-keeper;

16 nedlare needle-seller;

18 Purnele Prunella;

19 hayward hedge-warden;

20 Dawe the dikere Davy the ditch-digger;

21 pilede bald-headed;

22 rybibour fiddler; ratoner rat-catcher; rakeare street-sweeper;

23 redyng-kynge master reed-thatcher; disshere dish-seller;

24 Walshe Welshman;

25 uphalderes old-clothes dealers; herly early;

26 to hanselle as a treat;

28 the newe fayre (a game of exchanges); nempnede hit forth to sull put it up for barter;

29 hit threw in;

30 bade asked;

31 preyse appraise;

33 arbitreres arbitrators; bote compensate;

34 raplich quickly; rouned whispered;

35 preisede valued; peniworths bargains;

36 othes oaths;

37 acorden agree;

38 bisouhte begged to get up;

39 ‘and nominated him umpire, so that no dispute should occur’;

40 hostiler ostler;

42 yserved satisfied;

43 ho-so repentede hym whoever had regrets; rathest soonest;

45 leyhing and louring laughing and scowling;

47 umbywhile from time to time;

48 yglobbed gulped down;

49 gothly rumble;

50 potel potful;

51 ruet trumpet; rygebones backbone’s;

53 wesched wished; weps of breres sprig of briars;

55 glemans byche minstrel’s bitch;

56 arere backwards;

57 layth lays; lacche foules catch birds;

58 yes eyes;

59 thromblede stumbled;

62 ac but; greved in the luftynge gave trouble in lifting;

63 cowed coughed; caudel mess;

65 lape of lap up; lyvynge leaving; smauhte smelt;

68 accidie fit of sloth;

71 bolle bowl;

72 inwit conscience; edwitede reproached;

75 shope created;

79 sythe a time;

80 nones noon;

81 deffye digest;

82 brake retch;

83 that 1 aspele myhte what I might have kept in;

86 rybaudes ribalds;

88 luyther wicked;

90 defyen digest;

91 yeve me leve given me permission

1 shoures soote sweet showers;

2 droghte dryness; perced pierced;

3 veyne vein (of sap); swich licour such liquid;

4 flour flower;

5 eek also;

6 holt grove;

11 ‘so much does Nature prick them in their hearts’;

12 longen folk to goon people long to go;

13 palmeres pilgrims; straunge strondes foreign shores;

14 ferne halwes distant shrines; kowthe known;

16 wende make their way;

17 seke seek;

18 hem hath holpen helped them; seeke sick

2 symple unaffected; coy shy;

3 ooth oath; but only;

4 cleped called;

7 fetisly gracefully;

8 after the scole of in the manner of;

9 unknowe unknown;

10 at mete at table; with alle indeed;

13 koude knew how to;

15 ‘she took great delight in courtly manners’;

17 coppe cup;

19 raughte reached;

20 sikerly certainly; desport deportment;

21 port bearing;

22 peyned hire took pains;

23 estatlich dignified;

24 digne worthy;

26 pitous compassionate;

27 saugh saw;

30 flessh meat; wastel-breed fine white bread;

32 smoot hit; yerde stick;

34 pynched was was pleated;

35 tretys well-formed;

36 therto moreover;

37 sikerly certainly;

38 brood broad; trowe believe;

40 fetys elegant;

42 peire of bedes rosary; gauded decorated;

43 sheene beautiful;

44 write engraved;

45 Amor vincit omnia Love conquers all

1 eek also;

3 rede red;

4 brede breadth;

5 estres interior apartments;

6 highte is called;

7 thilke that;

8 ther as where; sovereyn finest;

11 knarry gnarled; bareyne barren;

12 stubbes stumps;

13 rumbel rumbling; swough sound of wind;

14 bresten burst;

15 under close to; bente grassy slope;

16 armypotente powerful in arms;

17 burned burnished;

18 streit narrow;

19 rage rush of wind; veze blast;

20 rese shake;

25 yclenched bound; overthwart crosswise; endelong lengthwise;

27 pyler pillar; sustene support;

28 tonne-greet round as a great barrel;

29 ymaginyng plotting;

30 compassyng scheming;

31 Ire Anger; gleede glowing coal;

32 pykepurs pick-purse; Drede Fear;

34 shepne stable;

35 mordrynge murder;

36 werre war; bibledde covered with blood;

37 Contek Strife; manace menace;

38 chirkyng groaning;

39 sleere of hymself suicide;

41 shode forehead; anyght by night;

43 Meschaunce Misfortune;

45 Woodnesse Madness;

46 Compleint Grievance; Outhees Outcry; Outrage Violence;

47 careyne corpse; busk woods; ycorve cut;

48 and not of qualm ystorve and not killed by the plague;

49 pray prey; yraft taken away;

51 brent burnt; hoppesteres dancing (in the storm);

52 hunte hunter; strangled with killed by;

53 freten devour;

54 ladel ladle;

55 foryeten forgotten; infortune of Marte evil influence of Mars;

59 bocher butcher;

60 styth anvil;

61 depeynted painted;

64 twynes threed thread of twine

1 quod said;

2 cours orbit;

3 woot knows;

4 drenchyng drowning; wan dark;

5 cote cell;

7 murmure grumbling; cherles peasants’;

8 groynynge grumbling; pryvee secret;

9 correccioun punishment;

10 the leoun Leo;

13 mynour miner;

14 slow slew;

16 castes plots

4 narwe closely;

6 been lik likely to be; cokewold cuckold;

8 simylitude equal;

10 elde old age;

14 wezele weasel; gent delicate; smal slender;

15 ceynt belt;

16 barmclooth apron; morne morning;

17 lendes loins; goore flounce;

18 broyden embroidered;

19 coler collar;

21 tapes ribbons; voluper cap;

22 suyte colour;

23 filet headband;

24 sikerly truly; likerous flirtatious;

25 ypulled plucked;

26 sloo sloe;

27 blisful delightful;

28 pere-jonette early pear;

29 wether sheep;

31 latoun brass;

33 thenche imagine;

34 popelote little doll;

36 Tour the Mint (Tower of London); noble gold coin;

37 yerne lively;

38 swalwe swallow; berne barn;

41 bragot country drink; meeth mead;

42 hey hay;

43 wynsynge skittish;

46 boos of a bokeler raised centre of a shield;

48 prymerole primrose; piggesnye ‘pig’s eye’ (flower);

49 leggen lay;

50 yeman yeoman

1 revelour profligate;

3 ragerye wantonness;

4 stibourn stubborn; pye magpie;

8 cherl villain;

9 birafte took away from;

13 al so siker as as sure as;

14 likerous gluttonous;

15 vinolent drunken;

17 it remembreth me I remember;

19 herte root the bottom of my heart;

20 boote good;

22 envenyme poison;

23 biraft taken away;

26 bren bran;

27 fonde try;

32 croce cross;

35 grece grease;

38 hope suppose;

40 wrong pinched;

42 twiste tormented;

43 deyde died;

44 ygrave buried; roode beem rood beam (in church);

45 curyus elaborate;

48 wast waste; preciously expensively;

50 cheste coffin

1 riotoures debauchers;

2 erst er before; prime first hour of the day;

5 cors corpse;

7 go bet go quickly;

10 it nedeth never-a-deel there is no need;

14 fordronke very drunk;

15 men clepeth is called;

19 this pestilence during this plague;

24 dame mother;

27 henne from here;

28 hyne farm worker; page serving boy;

30 avysed forewarned;

42 plight pledged;

49 torente tore to pieces;

50 hente seize;

53 povre poor;

55 God yow see may God look after you;

57 carl fellow;

58 forwrapped wrapped up;

62 Ynde India;

65 han have;

68 kaityf wretch;

69 moodres mother’s;

74 cheste strongbox;

76 heyre clowt haircloth;

78 welked withered;

87 abyde remain alive;

91 hasardour gambler;

96 abye pay for;

98 oon of his assent in league with him;

105 ook oak;

106 boghte agayn redeemed;

110 floryns gold coins

1 jugged doomed;

2 schended battered; schyp ship; schowved shoved;

3 walterande rolling; Wyrde Fate; schaped decreed;

4 abyme bottom of the sea; bot boat; flotte floated;

5 war aware; wyye man;

6 swenged hym to swepe swung round to swoop; swolw gullet;

7 folk sailors; haldande holding; tyd hentes seized quickly;

8 tult tumbled;

9 swayves glides;

10 rydelande strondes swirling currents;

11 malskred dazed;

12 dreyed suffered;

13 nade had not;

14 Warded guarded; warlowes the devil’s;

15 lede man; leve believe;

16 ‘that any living creature might survive so long inside him’;

17 sokored succoured;

18 wanles of wele without hope of happiness;

21 cace misfortune; kark hardship; lymped happened to;

22 bot boat; blober seething water; lached seized;

23 thrwe rushed; hit its; thret resistance;

24 mote speck of dust; munster-dor cathedral door; chawles jaws;

25 giles gills; glaym and glette slime and filth;

26 Relande tumbling; by a rop along a gut; rode road;

27 hourlande tumbling;

28 blunt came to a stop; blok cavern;

29 festnes the fete gains a foothold; fathmes gropes;

31 saym grease; sorwe filth;

32 bour bower;

33 lurkkes lies low; laytes looks; le shelter;

35 recoverer remedy; ramel muck;

37 lenged stood still; lede Lord;

39 thagh though;

40 Devoyde withdraw; rauthe mercy;

41 gaule scum;

42 gowdes things; graythely truly;

44 preve the lyghtly prove yourself easily;

45 hitte to a hyrne hit upon a nook;

46 fest close;

47 saf for merk one except only for the darkness;

48 bulk hold; byfore previously;

49 best beast; on lyve alive;

50 thenkande thinking; Dryghtyn the Lord;

51 mesure moderation;

52 care misery; sele happiness;

53 walteres rolls;

54 ronk of his wylle rank pride;

56 ‘small though it was compared with him, to make him feel queasy’;

57 the segge the man; sykerly constantly;

58 the bygge the great flood

1 renk knight; ryalme of Logres (Arthur’s kingdom);

2 on Godes halve for God’s sake; thagh though;

3 ledeles without company; lenges remains;

4 fare entertainment;

5 fere companion; fole horse; frythes woods;

6 gome man; by gate on the road; to carp to speak to;

7 neghed approached;

9 forlondes headlands;

10 Holy Hede Holyhead; eft again; bonk reached the shore;

11 Wyrale Wirral;

11–12 ‘few lived there whom either God or good-hearted men loved’;

13 frayned asked; ferde journeyed; frekes men;

14 carp talk;

16 nikked him with nay said no to him; seye saw; segge man; hewes colour;

19 gates roads;

20 bonk hillside; unbene unpleasant;

21 chere… chaunge looked this way and that;

24 floten travelled; fremedly as a stranger;

25 uch each; warthe ford; auther or; wye knight;

25 bot ferly hit were ‘or else it was a wonder’;

27 felle fierce;

29 to tor too difficult; dole part;

30 Sumwhyle sometimes; wormes dragons; als also;

31 wodwos trolls; woned lived; knarres crags;

33 etaynes giants, ogres; anelede pursued;

34 doghty doughty; drye resolute; Dryghtyn the Lord God;

35 dreped killed;

36 werre fighting; wrathed afflicted;

38 fres froze; fale pale;

39 slete sleet; yrnes armour;

40 innogh enough;

41 borne burn, stream;

43 plytes hardships;

44 cayres rides;

45 all one all alone;

46 tyde time;

47 mone complaint;

48 ‘that she would direct him where to ride’;

49 wysse guide; wone dwelling-place;

51 ferly truly;

52 holtwodes woods;

54 harled all samen tangled together;

55 rayled arranged;

58 gome knight; Gryngolet (his horse); glydes rides;

59 misy bog; mon all him one a man all alone;

60–2 ‘anxious about his plight, lest he should not succeed in attending the service of that Lord who on that very night was born of a maiden to end our strife’;

63 sykyng sighing;

65 herber lodge;

66 matynes matins;

67 prestly promptly;

70 mysdede sins;

71 sayned blessed; sythes sere several times

1 Tobroken shattered; statutz edicts;

2 creat created; dure endure;

3 goddis sevene the seven planets;

4 Mowe may;

7 errour confusion;

8 shape decreed;

9 sercle circle;

11 spere sphere;

16 rekelnesse rashness;

17 forbode forbidden;

18 for because;

21 erst previously;

22 ‘you also contemptuously called on Cupid as your witness’;

23 thilke that same;

26 ywroken revenged;

27 of oure figure shaped like us;

29 unhap misfortune;

30 wreche vengeance;

31 hem them; hoor grey;

32 so lykly so well qualified; spede succeed;

33 mede reward;

35 olde Grisel the old horse; lyst likes;

36 m’excuse declare myself innocent;

37 rym rhyme;

40 in prees in public;

43 stremes hed the head of the Thames [Windsor castle];

45 th’ende the mouth of the Thames [Greenwich];

46 forgete forgotten;

47 Tullius Cicero;

48 mynne remember;

49 eft again; dyffye defy

1 whilom once; on one;

4 entaile sculpture; cowthe could (do);

5 as tho then;

7 travaile trouble;

10 feture feature;

12 lyves living;

13 yvor ivory;

23 preide prayed;

24 ayeinward in answer;

27 ate mete at dinner;

31 nome taken;

34 forwept exhausted with weeping; forwakid deprived of sleep;

37 rouneth whispers;

41 wiste knew;

48 underfonge accepted;

50 ferde fared

1 tho then;

3 oghne own;

4 wende believed herself;

15 mette dreamed;

18 ferde fared;

25 o word one word;

29 fold family;

34 swounede swooned;

40 clepede called;

46 liht light; 53 yhen eyes

1 inned gathered in;

2 Mihelmesse Michaelmas;

6 died dyed;

7 myn herte roote depths of my heart;

11 wel begoon well provided;

12 forgoon lose;

13 thriste thrust;

15 weyve waive, avoid;

16 howe however;

22 sy saw; sithin since;

26 Hilded poured;

29 seiden said; as as if; steer young ox;

30 and so and for this reason;

31 heed head; to hie too high; beer carried;

32 bukkissh capricious;

33 thridde third;

33–5 ‘and is fit for the company of those who give unreasonable advice’;

35 sadnesse seriousness;

36 pas way of walking;

37 stirte started; roo roe deer;

38 noon abood, noon areest no resting, no stopping;

42 yen eyes; halke corner (of a room);

44 caste pondered;

47 amys amiss; hens hie go hence;

48 prees crowd; amys me gye conduct myself badly;

52 leke leek;

53–4 ‘for which reason I kept quiet as if I had lost the key to my tongue, and took myself off’;

55 woo-bistaad woebegone;

58 peinte simulate;

59 for that because;

60 qwook trembled;

61 though as if;

62 ynow enough; swoot sweat;

65 wise manner; wrought acted;

66 streite hurried;

67 ‘to see how my demeanour looked to me’;

70 ‘have improved it to the best of my ability’;

71 saute leap;

76 if I it forthe use if I go on using it; reprevable reprehensible;

77 conseitis notions;

81 plite plight;

85 Sithen since;

89 ayen in reply;

90 deme judge;

91 fallen in relapsed;

93 thoughtful hete painful thoughts;

95 pavyment pavement; a-daies daily; bete beat;

96 swete sweat;

97 wondringe anxiety;

100 prees throng;

102 lees lie

1 Noyous Hevynes grievous sadness;

4 whithir y was away where I was going;

5 convey guide;

6 al be me loth although it is hateful to me;

7 ‘So that all people may fittingly call me’;

8 forlost completely lost;

9 ayen in reply; of hir humblesse in her graciousness;

10 if so I wist, ma fay if I knew, indeed;

12 shape bring about; ese cure;

13 here-tofore formerly;

14 not know not; wroth sad;

15 aray state;

18 what nedith to yow say what need is there to tell you;

19 rudesse harshness;

20 tane taken; ay ever, always;

22 passyng great;

23 to till; did hir day caused her to die;

26 al fer myswent for fear of going astray; grapsyng wey groping my way;

27 axe ask; to cloth to cover me

1 cosse kiss; atonys at once;

2 maystres mistress;

5 avert pay attention;

6 parseyve perceive;

10 gery capricious;

11 dresse get ready;

12 covert covered

1 myn my;

2 besynes pains;

3 seche such;

6 quippe keep;

9 hertles without a heart;

11 dowel play;

12 plesans delight

1 y-bownden bound [in Hell];

2 to long too long;

4 clerkës fynden writen scholars find written; herë their;

5 ne hadde had not; takë ben been taken;

6 ‘Our Lady would never have been Queen of Heaven’;

8 mown singen may sing

1 makëles matchless/mateless;

2 to here sone she ches as her son she chose;

3 also styllë as silently; ther his moder was where his mother was;

5 bowr bower;

6 flour flower;

8 spray branch;

9 was never non was never anyone;

10 swych such; Godës God’s

2 husbonde husbandman, farmer;

3 erynge ploughing;

4 sonde sending (gift);

5 in honde in hand;

6 ynowe enough, in abundance;

7 gate way;

10 aboute busy with;

11 swete sweat;

13 [horse names];

14 ful sore with great difficulty;

15 morwenynge morning;

17 shefe sheave;

20 knowe judge;

22 Janyver January;

26 sede seed;

28 lete grant;

29 lede lead;

30 ‘all who pray for ploughmen’

3 sone soon;

4 dome the Last Judgement;

5 mane man

2 maystry mastery;

3 stond stands;

6 maydenys maidens;

7 kybe chilblain; kaght caught;

8 ae always;

9 berys berries;

10 foster forester; doos does;

12 oule owl;

14 poppynguy green woodpecker; gayntyl gentle; lavyrok lark;

16 howlat owl; kreye cries

1 swych such;

8 Res miranda ‘Thing to be marvelled at’;

11 Pari forma ‘In one substance’;

12 to too;

14 Gaudeamus ‘Let us rejoice’;

17 Transeamus ‘Let us proceed’

19 propre and prest decorous and well-behaved;

24 prytely prettily;

29 gressop grasshopper;

33 slo slay;

72 carlyshe churlish;

73 fynde fiend;

74 untwynde destroyed;

95 bote bit;

97 grypes griffins;

113 ought the bore thee;

119 departed separated

2 quhilk which;

3 frivoll fickle;

9 war worse;

12 inflat puffed;

13 roising rosy;

14 memour memory;

15 sic such;

16 weiris passes away;

18 steiris gets moving;

19 drerie miserable;

20 woik stayed awake;

21 dule grief;

22 remeid bring relief; mend provide a remedy;

23 lipper leper; rais got up; wend went;

24 spurnis kick;

25 sla slay;

26 sen since; dowbillis doubles;

27 neid necessity;

28 leir learn; clapper (leper’s) rattle;

29 leif live; leid people;

30 buit remedy; yeid went;

31 quhill until;

32 rank downright;

33 samin same; garnisoun garrison;

35 jeopardie of weir fortune of war;

38 agane back; raid rode;

39 lipper lepers; bait waited;

40 ane stevin one voice;

41 schuik shook; coppis bowls; gude speid vigorously;

43 deid give;

45 pietie pity; can pas passed;

46 witting knowing;

47 scho she; kest cast; ene eyes;

48 blenk glance; come came;

50 plye condition;

52 blenking glances;