CONTENTS

Introduction

1. Opening Remarks: Brain Science as a Path to World Peace

2. Toward a Natural Science of the Mind

The Philosophical Roots of Science

On Perception, Representation, and Conceptualization

Mind and Brain: One and the Same?

A Materialist Critique of Dualism

The Technological Bias of Mind/Brain Metaphors

3. A Buddhist Response

A Middle Path between Dualism and Materialism

4. The Spectrum of Consciousness: From Gross to Subtle

When Does Consciousness Begin?

On Specialization and Adaptation

The Continuity of Subtle Consciousness

Cosmology and the Origins of Consciousness

5. Mapping Brain Functions: The Evidence of Damage to Specific Brain Regions

Categorical Distinctions in Consciousness

The Brain’s Representation of Body Awareness

6. Subliminal Awareness and Memories from Previous Lives

7. Steps toward an Anatomy of Memory

Memory Reenacts Perception

Isolating Memory: The Evidence of Damage

Different Types of Memory

8. Brain Control of Sleeping and Dreaming States

Measuring Sleep and Dream Cycles

Neuronal Controls of Sleeping, Dreaming, and Waking

What Is the Purpose of Dreaming?

Lucid Dreaming

9. Manifestations of Subtle Consciousness

10. What Constitutes Scientific Evidence?

11. Psychiatric Illnesses and Psychopharmacology

Noninvasive Imaging: A Window on the Brain

Classifying Mental Illnesses

Advances in Psychopharmacology

The Genetic Inheritance of Mental Illness

12. The Limits of Intervention

13. A Buddhist Deconstruction of the Mind’s Self

14. In Conclusion: Building Bridges

Afterword: Buddhist Reflections by B. Alan Wallace

Acknowledgments

Appendix: About the Mind and Life Institute

Notes

Books by the Dalai Lama

Index

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