List of Illustrations

2.1   The sephirots.

3.1   The Skeletal System: An Image from a Five-Figure Series, from Mansur ibn Ilyas, Tasrih-I badan-I insan(Anatomy of the Human Body). Available at: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/historicalanatomies/Images/1200
_pixels/p1812b.jpg Courtesy of the National Library of Medicine.

3.2   Apollo Belvedere, Hendrik Goltzius, copy by Herman Adolfz, from Antique Statues in Rome, ca. 1592, dated 1617. Courtesy of the Bryn Mawr College Collections.

3.3   The Flayed Man, from Juan Valverde de Amusco, Anatomia del corpo humano (Rome: Salamanca and Lafrery, 1560), plate 1, vol. 2. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/historicalanatomies/Images/1200
_pixels/valverde_p64.jpg Courtesy of the National Library of Medicine.

3.4   “The Muscle Man” (“Tertia musculorum tabula”) from Andreas Vesalius, De corporis humani fabrica (Basel: I Oporini, 1543). Courtesy of the Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell University Library.

3.5   “The Wind Carries it in His Belly,” Emblem 1, from Michael Maier, Atalanta fugiens (Oppenheim: Gallery, 1617; reprinted, Frankfurt, 1687). Courtesy of the Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell University Library.

3.6   “The Earth is its Nurse,” Emblem 2, from Michael Maier, Atalanta fugiens. Courtesy of the Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell University Library.

3.7   The Hermaphrodite in the Stage of Putrefaction or Dissolution, Emblem 33 of the Atalanta fugiens, Michael Maier. Courtesy of the Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell University Library.

4.1   The Tasks of Hermaphrodites, from Theodor de Bry, America, Brevis narratio eorum quae in Florida Americae provincia Gallis acciderunt… (Frankfurt: De Bry, 1591). Courtesy of the Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell University Library.

4.2   The Hydropic Man, Emblem 13 of the Atalanta fugiens, Michael Maier (Frankfurt: De Bry, 1617; this illustration from a later edition (Frankfurt, 1687)). Courtesy of the Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell University Library.

4.3   Curing the Sick, from Theodor de Bry, America, Brevis narratio eorum quae in Florida Americae provincia Gallis acciderunt… (Frankfurt: De Bry, 1591). Courtesy of the Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell University Library.

4.4   Cooking Fish, from de Bry, America, Brevis et fida narratio Virginiae (Frankfurt: De Bry, 1591). Courtesy of the Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell University Library.

4.5   Cannibals Cooking Humans, from de Bry, America tertia pars, Historia navigationis in Brasiliam (Frankfurt: de Bry, 1591). Courtesy of the Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell University Library.

4.6   A Virginian Ruler, from de Bry, America, Brevis et fida narratio Virginiae. Courtesy of the Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell University Library.

4.7   Cannibals Cooking and Eating Humans, from de Bry, America tertia pars. Courtesy of the Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell University Library.

4.8   “Here is the Dragon Eating its own Tail” (The Euroboros), Emblem 14, from Michael Maier, Atalanta fugiens. Courtesy of the Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell University Library.

4.9   The Dragon and the Woman Intertwined, Emblem 50, from Michael Maier, Atalanta fugiens. Courtesy of the Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell University Library.

4.10 “Cutting Up the Crocodiles” from de Bry, America, Brevis narratio… Courtesy of the Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell University Library.

6.1   Alchemical vessels, from I secreti de la Signora Isabella Cortese, ne’ quali si contengono cose minerali, medicinali, arteficiose, & alchimiche, & molte de l’arte profumatoria, appartenenti a ogni gran signora : con altri bellissimi secreti aggiunti. (Venice, Bariletto, 1574). Courtesy of the Edgar Fahs Smith Collection, Rare Book and Manuscript Library, University of Pennsylvania.

6.2   Portrait of Caterina Sforza, Giorgio Vasari. Courtesy of Art Resource.

8.1   The title page of Sarah Wigges’s Receipt Book. London, Royal College of Physicians, MS 654. Courtesy of the Royal College of Physicians.

8.2   The first page of Sarah Wigges’s Receipt Book. London, Royal College of Physicians, MS 654. Courtesy of the Royal College of Physicians.

8.3   Page 270 of Sarah Wigges’s Receipt Book. London, Royal College of Physicians, MS 654. Courtesy of the Royal College of Physicians.