The perfect tenses are compound tenses, consisting in all cases of a form of the verb haber plus the past participle.
Past Participle: The past participle of regular verbs is formed by adding -ado or -ido to the stem.
The past participle does not change its ending to correspond to person and number in the perfect tenses.
Haber: to have is an irregular verb (see pages 112–3) which is used only in idiomatic expressions and as part of the perfect tenses.
Present Perfect: The present perfect is formed with the present tense of haber plus the past participle.
Note: The same form of haber is used with all three conjugations. Negatives are formed by placing no before the haber verb.
Pluperfect: The pluperfect (past perfect) is formed with the imperfect of haber plus the past participle.
The imperfect of haber is formed regularly (see page 8). What are the other forms of the pluperfect of hablar?
Future Perfect: The future perfect is formed with the future of haber and the past participle.
The future of haber is formed by adding the future endings to the stem habr-. What are all the forms of the future perfect of comer?
What is the English translation of each of the preceding forms? ___________________________________
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Conditional Perfect: The conditional perfect is formed with the conditional of haber and the past participle.
yo habría hablado, comido, partido I would have spoken, eaten, left
The conditional of haber is formed by adding the conditional endings (see page 26) to the future stem habr-. What are all the forms of the conditional perfect of partir?
What are the English translations? __________________________________________________
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Write the infinitives in (1) the present perfect, (2) pluperfect, (3) future perfect, and (4) conditional perfect, in the subject indicated:
Change each simple tense verb to the corresponding perfect tense. Example: como he comido; hablé or hablaba había hablado; tomaré habré tomado, partirías habrías partido
1. Ud. comprende _________________________
2. vendías _________________________
3. escucharon _________________________
4. subirán _________________________
5. pregunta _________________________
6. Ud. discutirá _________________________
7. aprendían _________________________
8. Ud. estudió _________________________
9. escribes _________________________
10. guardaremos _________________________
11. admirarían _________________________
12. echaréis _________________________
13. temiste _________________________
14. asisto _________________________
15. tomábamos _________________________
16. prepararías _________________________
17. bebió _________________________
18. viviremos _________________________
19. corremos _________________________
20. viajará _________________________
21. decidirías _________________________
22. contestabais _________________________
23. partisteis _________________________
24. limpiaré _________________________
25. molestaríais _________________________
Translate into Spanish:
1. I will have learned _________________________
2. he had cleaned _________________________
3. we have bought _________________________
4. they had lived _________________________
5. he would have run _________________________
6. I have asked _________________________
7. you (s., fam.) will have received _________________________
8. you (s., fam.) had feared _________________________
9. he has attended _________________________
10. they would have sold _________________________
11. we will have taken _________________________
12. you (s., for.) have answered _________________________
13. I have needed _________________________
14. you (pl., for.) would have asked _________________________
15. they have spent _________________________
16. you (s., fam.) will have discussed _________________________
17. they have received _________________________
18. he would have decided _________________________
19. they will have listened _________________________
20. we will have entered _________________________
21. you (s., for.) would have attended _________________________
22. you (pl., fam.) had understood _________________________
23. we have lived _________________________
24. you (pl., for.) will have worked _________________________
25. he had taken _________________________
Translate into Spanish:
1. you (s., fam.) answer _________________________
2. they used to live _________________________
3. I was opening _________________________
4. you (pl., fam.) are selling _________________________
5. I will admire _________________________
6. they did work _________________________
7. if he asks _________________________
8. you (pl., for.) will not offend _________________________
9. we were going up _________________________
10. if they do not sell _________________________
11. I should bother _________________________
12. I was understanding _________________________
13. we study _________________________
14. are you (pl., fam.) adorning? _________________________
15. you (pl., for.) were learning _________________________
16. we do not live _________________________
17. you (s., for.) discuss _________________________
18. he was running _________________________
19. does she need? _________________________
20. they bothered _________________________
21. they did not answer _________________________
22. she fears _________________________
23. we insisted _________________________
24. I did work _________________________
25. I will throw _________________________
26. you (pl., fam.) used to prepare _________________________
27. if he opens _________________________
28. you (s., for.) were admiring _________________________
29. they kept _________________________
30. I will offend _________________________
31. we were spending _________________________
32. he would adorn _________________________
33. we will clean _________________________
34. we write _________________________
35. they were covering _________________________
36. you (pl., for.) were throwing _________________________
37. they will fear _________________________
38. I was living _________________________
39. I used to travel _________________________
40. you (s., fam.) study _________________________
41. you (pl., for.) are calling _________________________
42. you (pl., fam.) would open _________________________
43. if I drink _________________________
44. we were insisting _________________________
45. you (s., fam.) used to write _________________________
46. will they call? _________________________
47. I went up _________________________
48. they would not discuss _________________________
49. he did understand _________________________
50. they live _________________________
