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AI |
artificial intelligence |
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ATM |
automatic teller machine |
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AUM |
assets under management |
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B2B |
business-to-business |
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B2C |
business-to-consumer |
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BATX |
Baidu, Alibaba, Tencent, and Xiaomi |
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BEPS |
base erosion and profit shifting |
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C2C |
customer-to-customer |
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CB |
central bank |
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CBDC |
central bank digital currency |
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CDU |
Christian Democratic Union |
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CDS |
credit default swaps |
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CEO |
chief executive officer |
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CGAP |
Consultative Group to Assist the Poorest |
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COD |
cash on delivery |
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CPI |
Consumer Price Index |
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CSU |
Christian Social Union |
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DLT |
distributed ledger technology |
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EA |
euro area |
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EC |
European Commission |
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ECB |
European Central Bank |
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EGDI |
E-Government Development Index |
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ERP |
enterprise resource planning |
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ETF |
exchange-traded fund |
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EU |
European Union |
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FATCA |
Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act |
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Fed |
Federal Reserve System or Federal Reserve |
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FI |
financial institutions |
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Fintech |
financial technology |
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FRED |
Federal Reserve Economic Data |
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FX |
foreign exchange |
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G2C |
government-to-consumer |
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G2P |
government-to-person |
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GAFA |
Google, Apple, Facebook, and Amazon |
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GDP |
gross domestic product |
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Global Findex |
Global Financial Inclusion Database |
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GNI |
gross national income |
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GST |
goods and services tax |
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HIV |
human immunodeficiency virus |
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HNWI |
high net worth individual |
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ICT |
information and communications technology |
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ID |
identity document |
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IMF |
International Monetary Fund |
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IoT |
Internet of Things |
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IPO |
initial public offering |
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IRA |
individual retirement account |
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IRS |
Internal Revenue Service |
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IT |
information technology |
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KYC |
Know Your Customer |
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MFI |
microfinance institution |
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MSME |
micro, small, and medium enterprises |
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NICT |
new information and communications technologies |
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NGO |
nongovernmental organizations |
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NYSE |
New York Stock Exchange |
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OADR |
old-age dependency ratio |
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OECD |
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development |
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PE |
private equity |
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P2P |
peer-to-peer |
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PBoC |
People’s Bank of China |
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PM |
prime minister |
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PPP |
Paycheck Protection Program |
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QR Code |
quick response code |
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RFID |
radio frequency identification |
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SEC |
Securities and Exchange Commission |
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SEPA |
single euro area payment |
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SMB |
small and medium business |
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SME |
small and medium enterprise |
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SMS |
short message service |
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STP |
straight-through processing |
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SWIFT |
Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication |
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TIAA |
Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association |
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TFP |
total-factor productivity |
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UAE |
United Arab Emirates |
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UIDAI |
Unique Identification Authority of India |
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UK |
United Kingdom |
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UN |
United Nations |
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UNICEF |
United Nations Children’s Fund |
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UNRISD |
United Nations Research Institute for Social Development |
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US |
United States |
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USD |
United States dollar |
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VAT |
value-added tax |
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WB |
World Bank |
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WFP |
World Food Programme |
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WHO |
World Health Organization |
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WID |
wealth and income database |