Molecularizing Biology and Medicine by Chadarevian, Soraya de -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Page Title Page Copyright Page List of Illustrations and Credits List of Tables Preface Notes on Contributors Introduction

Mobilizing Molecules Fragilities and Powers of Molecularization Strategies of Molecularization Notes References

Chapter 1: Plants, Cells and Bodies: The Molecular Biography of Colchicine, 1930–1975

Prolegomenon: (Re)Enter Colchicine: Molecule of the Year, 1937 Strand 1—There is No Calm Entr’acte Strand 2—Plants: Polyploidy in Experiment and Practice Strand 3—Cells: Microtubules and the Tubulin-Binding Site Strand 4—Bodies: Gout, Cancer and More Conclusion Acknowledgements References

Chapter 2: Chemistry in the Clinic: The Research Career of Donald Dexter Van Slyke

The Setting Acidosis Nephritis Translations and Practices Acknowledgements Notes References

The Politics of Vitamins The Science of Vitamins Vitamins and Industry Conclusions Acknowledgements Notes References

Introduction Edwin Cohn’s Research on Proteins in the Department of Physical Chemistry at Harvard Medical School The Laboratory of War: Transfusion Technologies and Blood Substitutes Demobilization and Postwar Science Policies Conclusions Acknowledgements Notes References

Introduction Machines and Images: The New Cancer Viruses Political Molecularization: Biomedical Complex, Congressional Hearings, and Leukemia Viruses Contracts and the Management of Tools: From Tumor Viruses to Oncogenes Conclusion Notes References

Chapter 6: Following Molecules: Hemoglobin Between the Clinic and the Laboratory

Re-Designing Postwar Biology The Laboratory Career of Sickle Cell Hemoglobin Collecting and Cataloguing Molecular Pathology Building a Common Laboratory Culture Acknowledgments Notes References

Chapter 7: The Struggle Over Metabolic Screening

Introduction The Scientific Background to Screening Political Background to Screening Response to the Guthrie Test Sources of Skepticism Conclusion Acknowledgements References

A Variety of Disciplines in the Making of the Pill Experiments with Animals Human Trials Small-Scale Trials Large-Scale “Field” Trials Detecting Adverse Reactions Conclusion Acknowledgements Notes

Introduction Coley’s Toxins: Immunotherapy of Cancer before Molecules Bacterial Toxins in the 1930s and 1940s: The Chemical Pathway From Bacterial Vaccines to Regulatory Molecules: The Return of Physiological Approaches Immunotherapy of Cancer Between Laboratory and Clinic Notes References

Chapter 10: Reflections: Molecularization, Standardization and the History of Science

Standardization and the Growth of Molecular Culture Standardization and the Articulation of Technical Interests Notes References