Botanical Medicine for Women's Health by Romm, Aviva -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover image Title page Table of Contents Copyright Dedication Foreword Foreword Preface Acknowledgments About the Author Part I. Foundations of Botanical Medicine

1. From Complementary and Alternative Medicine to Functional Medicine: Health Care’s Emerging Evolution

From Alternative to Functional Medicine: What are we Talking about? Where do Botanical Medicines Fit in? How Widespread is CAM Use? Who Uses CAM? Why are Patients Turning to CAM? How Often do Women Seek CAM Therapies and why? What Patients do not Tell their Doctors and how that may Negatively Affect Patients’ Health Why Doctors are Turning to Integrative Medicine CAM/Integrative Medicine Education in Conventional Medicine Functional Medicine Toward an Integrated Future of Health Care

2. History of Herbal Medicines for Women

Women, Herbs, and Health Reform: A Historical Summary Women Healers Throughout History Women’s Health Movements Ancient to Modern Herbal Prescribing Common Women’s Health Concerns Discussed in Ancient Texts, Treatises, and Tablets Common Herbal Prescriptions for Selected Women’s Health Concerns History of American Botanical Medicine: From Thomson to the Eclectics

3. Fundamental Principles of Herbal Medicine

The Evidence Base for Botanical Medicine What is Evidence-Based Medicine? Supporting Evidence for Botanicals Discussed In this Text References Used in the Development of this Text Is there Adequate Evidence for Botanical Medicines? The Actions of Herbs General Actions GynecologicAL and Obstetric Actions Selection Criteria, Formulation, and Prescribing Selection Criteria Formulating Prescription Writing Botanical Preparation Forms∗ Preparation Forms Botanical Medicine Dosing

4. Guidelines for Herbal Medicine Use

Botanical Medicine Safety: Guidelines for Practitioners Adverse Drug Reactions, Herbal Adverse Event Reports, and Adverse Events Reporting Systems Categories of Common Herbal Adverse Effects Herb–Drug Interactions Lack of Appropriate Therapy OR Discontinuation of Conventional Care Timing of Herb Use The Relative Safety of Conventional Drugs and Herbal Medicines: Keeping it all in Perspective Guidelines for Practitioners Conclusion Integrating Botanical Medicines into Clinical Practice: Ethical Considerations and Guidelines Addressing Ethical Considerations Guidelines Selecting and Identifying Quality Herbal Products Regulations Governing Botanical Products Manufacturing Quality Botanical Products Ethical Considerations

Part II. Every Woman’s Health

5. Endocrine Disorders and Adrenal Support

Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism Hypothyroidism Case History: Hypothyroidism Hyperthyroidism Case History: Hyperthyroidism Stress, Adaptation, The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis, and Women’s Health Stress, Health, and Disease: The Physiology and Pathophysiology of Stress and the Stress Response Eustress and Distress Differential Diagnosis Conventional Therapies for Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Dysfunction Botanical Approaches to Stress and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Dysregulation Additional Therapies Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Pathophysiology Signs and Symptoms of Pcos Diagnosis Biochemical and Endocrinology Evaluation Differential Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Approaches Botanical Treatment of PCOS Case History: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Nutritional Considerations Additional Therapies

6. Sleep, Mood, and Sexual Function

Insomnia Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Approaches The Botanical Practitioner’s Perspective Nutritional Considerations Depression Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Approaches The Botanical Practitioner’s Perspective Nutritional Considerations Additional Therapies Anxiety Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Approaches The Botanical Practitioner’s Perspective Additional Therapies Low Libido and Sexual Dysfunction Female Sexual Response Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Approaches The Botanical Practitioner’s Perspective Additional Therapies

7. Bone Health

Osteoporosis Risk factors Diagnosis Conventional Treatment The Botanical Practitioner’s Perspective Summary

8. Cardiovascular Health

Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Conventional Medical Management of CAD The Botanical Practitioner’s Perspective Nutritional Considerations Additional Therapies Case History

Part III. Gynecologic Health

9. Menstrual Wellness and Menstrual Problems

Menstrual Health and the Normal Menstrual Cycle A Brief History of Menstruation in Culture and Medicine What is Normal Menstruation? Onset, Frequency, and Duration of Menstruation Frequency and Types of Menstrual Disorders Factors Affecting the Menstrual Cycle Promoting Healthy Menstruation Summary Puberty, Menarche, and Adolescence Significance of Age at Menarche and Patterns of Early Menstrual Cycles on Long-Term Health Talking with Girls about Menstrual Health and Hygiene Menstrual Irregularities and Difficulties in the Adolescent Female Emotional and Psychological Challenges in Adolescence Herbs and Adolescent Girls: Safe Use Versus Wrongful Advertising Common Problems of Puberty and Menstruation in Adolescent Females and their Botanical Treatments Acne Vulgaris Pathophysiology Signs and Symptoms of Acne Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Amenorrhea Pathophysiology Signs and Symptoms of Amenorrhea Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Approaches Botanical Treatment of Amenorrhea Dysmenorrhea Pathophysiology Signs and Symptoms Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Botanical Treatment of Dysmenorrhea Nutritional Considerations Additional Therapies Premenstrual Symptoms, Premenstrual Syndrome, and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder Pathophysiology Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Approaches Botanical Treatment of PMS and PMDD Discussion Of Botanicals Case History: Premenstrual Syndrome Nutritional Considerations Additional Therapies Premenstrual Headache and Migraine Pathophysiology Symptoms of Migraine Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Approaches Botanical Treatment of Headache and Migraine Discussion of Botanicals Nutritional Considerations Additional Therapies

10. Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding

Pathophysiology Summary of Etiologies as Associated with Life Stages Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Approaches Botanical Treatment of Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding Discussion of Botanicals Nutritional Considerations Case History: Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding

11. Breasts, Uterus, and Pelvis

Uterine Fibroids Pathophysiology Symptoms Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Botanical Treatment Case History: Uterine Fibroids Nutritional Considerations Additional Therapies Fibrocystic Breasts and Breast Pain Pathophysiology Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Botanical Treatment Case History: Cyclic Mastalgia Nutritional Considerations Additional Therapies Endometriosis Symptoms Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Approaches Botanical Treatment Discussion of Botanicals Case Histories: Endometriosis Nutritional Considerations Additional Therapies Chronic Pelvic Pain Symptoms Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Approaches Botanical Treatment Formulae for CPP Treatment Dietary Considerations Additional Therapies Cervical Dysplasia: Botanical and Naturopathic Approaches Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Approaches Botanical and Naturopathic Treatment Summary

12. Vaginal and Sexually Transmitted Infections

Vulvovaginitis and Common Vaginal Infections Bacterial Vaginosis Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Trichomoniasis The Botanical Practitioner’s Perspective Chronic Vulvovaginitis and Intestinal Permeability Human Papillomavirus and Genital Warts Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Approaches The Botanical Practitioner’s Perspective Discussion of Botanical Protocol Nutritional Considerations Case History Herpes Pathophysiology Symptoms Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Approaches Herpes Simplex Virus in Pregnancy The Botanical Practitioner’s Perspective Case History: Herpes Simplex Virus 2 in Pregnancy Nutritional Considerations Additional Therapies Human Immunodefeciency Virus Infection and Botanical Therapies Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use in the HIV/AIDS Population Why are HIV/AIDS Patients Turning to Complementary and Alternative Medicine Therapies? Benefits of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Therapy Risks of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use in HIV/AIDS Efficacy of Botanical Therapies in HIV/AIDS Safety Issues with Herbs and HIV/AIDS Therapy Overview of Immunomodulating Herbs Commonly Used in HIV/AIDS Summary

13. Common Urinary Tract Problems

Urinary Tract Infection Urinary Tract Infection Incidence and Etiology Risk Factors for Urinary Tract Infection Symptoms Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Approaches The Botanical Practitioner’s Perspective Nutritional Considerations/Additional Therapies Case History: Treatment of an Uncomplicated Lower Urinary Tract Infection in a Nonpregnant Woman Case History: Treatment of an Uncomplicated Lower Urinary Tract Infection in a Pregnant Woman at 8 Weeks’ Gestation Interstitial Cystitis Pathophysiology Symptoms and Signs Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Botanical Treatment of Interstitial Cystitis Nutritional Considerations Additional Therapies

14. Breast Cancer Prevention and Supportive Therapies

The Breasts and the Breast Examination Cyclic Influences on Breast Tissue Breast Cancer Conventional Risk Reduction Strategies Signs and Symptoms of Breast Cancer Diagnosis Conventional Breast Cancer Treatment Complementary and Alternative Medicine Breast Cancer Treatment After Breast Cancer

Part IV. Fertility and the Childbearing Cycle

15. Pregnancy and Botanical Medicine Use and Safety

Prevalence of Herb Use During Pregnancy Why are Herbs Being Used During Pregnancy? Lack of Training in Obstetric Botanical Medicine Use Herbs Most Commonly Used During Pregnancy Safety, Evidence, and Potential Adverse Effects of Botanical Use During Pregnancy Using Herbs During Pregnancy Contraindicated Herbs for Pregnancy and Lactation A Word about Partus Preparators Contraindicated Herb Lists and Botanical Safety Classifications Forms of Administration Appropriate During Pregnancy Summary

16. Fertility Challenges

Female Factors Affecting Fertility Male Factors Affecting Fertility Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Approaches The Botanical Practitioner’s Perspective Discussion of Botanical Protocol Nutritional Considerations Additional Therapies Case History

17. Pregnancy: First Trimester

Pregnancy Care and Prenatal Wellness Diet, Nutrition, Exercise, Lifestyle, and Psychoemotional Health: Central To Optimal Childbearing Health Herbs as Part of Pregnancy Wellness The Role of Herbs in the Prevention and Treatment of Miscarriage Causes of Miscarriage Signs and Symptoms of Miscarriage Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis Categories of Miscarriage Conventional Treatment Approaches Botanical Treatment for Miscarriage: Threatened and Habitual Case History Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy and Hyperemesis Gravidarum Symptoms of NVP and Hyperemesis Gravidarum Risk Factors for NVP and Hyperemesis Gravidarum Diagnosis Conventional Treatment of NVP and Hyperemesis Gravidarum Nonpharmacologic Treatment of NVP and Hyperemesis Gravidarum Botanical Treatment of NVP and Hyperemesis Gravidarum

18. Pregnancy: Second Trimester

Heartburn (Gastroesophageal Reflux) in Pregnancy Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Approaches Botanical Treatment Iron Deficiency Anemia Symptoms Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Botanical Treatment Case History Preterm Labor and Uterine Irritability Signs and Symptoms Medical Treatment Botanical Treatment

19. Pregnancy: Third Trimester

Constipation During Pregnancy Diagnosis Conventional Treatment of Constipation Botanical Treatment for Constipation Case History Hypertension in Pregnancy Descriptions of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy by Classification and General Conventional Treatment Approaches Botanical Treatment of Hypertension in Pregnancy Additional Therapies Group B Streptococcus Infection in Pregnancy Diagnosis Conventional Treatment Approaches Botanical Treatment of Group B Streptococcus Nutritional Considerations Additional Therapies Case History Pruritic Urticarial Papules and Plaques of Pregnancy Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis Conventional Medical Treatment for PUPPP Botanical Treatment of PUPPP Nutritional Considerations Varicosities in Pregnancy Treatment of Varicosities in Pregnancy Botanical Treatment of Varicosities in Pregnancy Insomnia in Pregnancy Medical Treatment of Insomnia in Pregnancy General Treatment of Sleep Difficulties in Pregnancy Botanical Treatment of Insomnia in Pregnancy Additional Therapies Case History Breech Presentation and Version Reasons for Breech Presentation Risks of Breech Presentation and Breech Birth Signs, Symptoms, and Diagnosis of Breech Presentation Conventional Treatment Options for Turning a Breech Presentation: External Cephalic Version Botanical Treatment Options for Turning a Breech Presentation Additional Techniques

20. Labor and Birth

Facilitating Labor: Induction, Augmentation, and Dysfunctional Labor Medical Approaches to Labor Induction and Augmentation Medical Approaches to Dysfunctional Labor Botanical Approaches to Facilitating Labor Additional Methods of Facilitating Labor Labor Stimulation Protocol Case History Pain in Labor Assumptions about Labor and Birth: Obstetric Versus Midwifery Beliefs Psychological Preparation for Labor Continuous Labor Support Various Positions Massage Hydrotherapy Aromatherapy Herbs for Pain Relief Sterile Water Injections Biofeedback Acupuncture Hypnosis Yoga

21. The Postpartum

Postpartum Care of the Mother What is the Postpartum? Redefining Postpartum in a Woman-Centered Way The Use of Herbs for Postpartum Care Common Postpartum Complaints Postpartum Depression Etiology and Risk Factors for Ppd Prevention of Postpartum Depression Conventional Treatment Approaches The Botanical Practitioner’s Perspective Formulae for Postpartum Depression Nutritional Considerations Additional Therapies Case History: Postpartum Depression Postpartum Perineal Healing Prevention of Perineal Tears Botanical Treatment for Perineal Healing

22. Breastfeeding and Botanical Medicine

Breastfeeding and Herbs: A Comprehensive Review of Safety Considerations and Breastfeeding Concerns for the Mother–Infant Dyad Herbs and Breastfeeding How Chemicals Enter Breast Milk: What we Know Risks Health Issues as Seen in the Cultural Context of the Breastfeeding Woman Common Lactation Concerns: Cracked Nipples, Engorgement, Mastitis, and Insufficient Breast Milk Sore, Cracked Nipples Breast Engorgement Plugged Ducts and Mastitis Insufficient Breast Milk Nutritional Considerations

Part V. The Empowered Years: Menopausal Health

23. Menopausal Health

Perimenopause and Menopause: An Overview What is Menopause? Symptoms of Peri/Menopause for which Women Commonly Seek Herbal Care Herbal Strategies: An Overview Summary Reframing Menopause: The Wise Woman Perspective The Medicalization of Menopause Reframing Menopause: Women’s Mystery Stories Menopause Support Groups A Whole Foods Diet for Menopause and Beyond Herbal Medicines for the Menopausal Years A Few Words on Exercise Summary Hormone Replacement Therapy: Risks, Benefits, Alternatives Conventional Treatment Approaches Side Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy Women’s Opinions of Hormone replacement Therapy Natural Hormones Progesterone Botanical Alternatives to Hormone Replacement Therapy Additional Therapies Case History

Appendices

Appendix I. Common and Botanical Medicine Names Quick Reference Dose Chart Appendix II. Chemical Constituents of Medicinal Plants Appendix III. Summary Table of Herbs for Women’s Health

Bibliography Index

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