Kaplan & Sadock's Concise Textbook of Clinical Psychiatry · 5th Edition by Boland, Robert -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Title Page Copyright Dedication Preface Contents About the Authors A Clinical Psychiatry

1. Examination and Diagnosis of the Psychiatric Patient

1.1 The Adult Patient

PSYCHIATRIC INTERVIEW, HISTORY, AND MENTAL STATUS EXAMINATION PHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF THE PSYCHIATRIC PATIENT THE PSYCHIATRIC REPORT AND MEDICAL RECORD PSYCHIATRIC RATING SCALES CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND INTELLECTUAL ASSESSMENT OF ADULTS PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT: ADULTS AND CHILDREN MEDICAL ASSESSMENT AND LABORATORY TESTING IN PSYCHIATRY NEUROIMAGING

1.2 Children and Adolescents

CLINICAL INTERVIEWS DIAGNOSTIC INSTRUMENTS QUESTIONNAIRES AND RATING SCALES COMPONENTS OF THE CHILD PSYCHIATRIC EVALUATION INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY PSYCHIATRIC INTERVIEW AND TESTS

1.3 Geriatric Patients

PSYCHIATRIC EXAMINATION OF THE OLDER PATIENT EARLY DETECTION AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES

2. Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Other Childhood Disorders

2.1 Intellectual Disability

NOMENCLATURE CLASSIFICATION DEGREES OF SEVERITY OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY CLINICAL FEATURES DIAGNOSIS DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COMORBIDITY COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY ETIOLOGY

2.2 Communication Disorders

LANGUAGE DISORDER SPEECH SOUND DISORDER CHILD-ONSET FLUENCY DISORDER (STUTTERING) SOCIAL (PRAGMATIC) COMMUNICATION DISORDER UNSPECIFIED COMMUNICATION DISORDER

2.3 Autism Spectrum Disorder

DIAGNOSIS AND CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS

2.4 Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

CLINICAL FEATURES DIAGNOSIS DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY ETIOLOGY ADULT MANIFESTATIONS OF ADHD

2.5 Specific Learning Disorder

SPECIFIC LEARNING DISORDER WITH IMPAIRMENT IN READING SPECIFIC LEARNING DISORDER WITH IMPAIRMENT IN MATHEMATICS SPECIFIC LEARNING DISORDER WITH IMPAIRMENT IN WRITTEN EXPRESSION

2.6 Motor Disorders

DEVELOPMENTAL COORDINATION DISORDER STEREOTYPIC MOVEMENT DISORDER TOURETTES DISORDER PERSISTENT (CHRONIC) MOTOR OR VOCAL TIC DISORDER

2.7 Feeding and Eating Disorders of Infancy or Early Childhood

PICA RUMINATION DISORDER AVOIDANT/RESTRICTIVE FOOD INTAKE DISORDER

2.8 Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders in Children

REACTIVE ATTACHMENT DISORDER AND DISINHIBITED SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT DISORDER POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER OF INFANCY, CHILDHOOD, AND ADOLESCENCE

2.9 Depressive Disorders and Suicide in Children and Adolescents

DIAGNOSIS AND CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY ETIOLOGY SUICIDE

2.10 Early-Onset Bipolar Disorder

DIAGNOSIS AND CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COMORBIDITY COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY ETIOLOGY

2.11 Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder

DIAGNOSIS AND CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COMORBIDITY COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY

2.12 Disruptive Behaviors of Childhood

OPPOSITIONAL DEFIANT DISORDER CONDUCT DISORDER

2.13 Anxiety Disorders of Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence: Separation Anxiety Disorder, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, and Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)

SEPARATION ANXIETY DISORDER GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER (SOCIAL PHOBIA) DIAGNOSIS AND CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY ETIOLOGY

2.14 Selective Mutism

DIAGNOSIS AND CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY ETIOLOGY

2.15 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Childhood and Adolescence

DIAGNOSIS AND CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY ETIOLOGY

2.16 Early-Onset Schizophrenia

DIAGNOSIS AND CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY ETIOLOGY ATTENUATED PSYCHOSIS SYNDROME

2.17 Adolescent Substance Use Disorders

DIAGNOSIS AND CLINICAL FEATURES COMORBIDITY TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY ETIOLOGY

3. Neurocognitive Disorders

DEFINITION CLINICAL EVALUATION PATHOLOGY AND LABORATORY EXAMINATION 3.1 Delirium

DIAGNOSIS AND CLINICAL FEATURES PHYSICAL AND LABORATORY EXAMINATIONS DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY ETIOLOGY

3.2 Dementia (Major Neurocognitive Disorder)

DIAGNOSIS AND CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY ETIOLOGY

3.3 Major or Minor Neurocognitive Disorder due to Another Medical Condition (Amnestic Disorders)

DIAGNOSIS CLINICAL FEATURES AND SUBTYPES PATHOLOGY AND LABORATORY EXAMINATION DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY ETIOLOGY

3.4 Neurocognitive and Other Psychiatric Disorders due to a General Medical Condition

SPECIFIC DISORDERS

3.5 Mild Cognitive Impairment

DEFINITION CLINICAL PRESENTATION COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ETIOLOGY OF MCI

4. Substance Use and Addictive Disorders

4.1 General Features of the Substance-Related Disorders

THE CLINICAL PRESENTATION DIAGNOSIS COMORBIDITY TREATMENT APPROACH ETIOLOGY

4.2 Alcohol-Related Disorders

DIAGNOSIS AND CLINICAL FEATURES COMORBIDITY COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT OF ALCOHOL USE DISORDERS PATHOLOGY ETIOLOGY

4.3 Cannabis-Related Disorders

CLINICAL FEATURES DIAGNOSIS COMORBIDITY TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION EPIDEMIOLOGY PATHOLOGY

4.4 Opioid-Related Disorders

CLINICAL FEATURES COMORBIDITY TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION EPIDEMIOLOGY PATHOLOGY ETIOLOGY

4.5 Sedative-, Hypnotic-, or Anxiolytic-Related Disorders

DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION EPIDEMIOLOGY PATHOLOGY

4.6 Stimulant-Related Disorders

CLINICAL FEATURES DIAGNOSIS COMORBIDITY TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION EPIDEMIOLOGY PATHOLOGY ETIOLOGY

4.7 Tobacco-Related Disorders

CLINICAL FEATURES DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY PATHOLOGY

4.8 Caffeine-Related Disorders

CLINICAL FEATURES AND DIAGNOSIS COMORBIDITY TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY PATHOLOGY AND ETIOLOGY

4.9 Hallucinogen-Related Disorders

CLINICAL FEATURES DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY PATHOLOGY

4.10 Inhalant-Related Disorders

CLINICAL FEATURES DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY

4.11 Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Use

CLINICAL FEATURES AND DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY PATHOLOGY ETIOLOGY

4.12 Gambling Disorder

CLINICAL FEATURES DIAGNOSIS DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COMORBIDITY COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY ETIOLOGY

4.13 Other Disorders Related to the Addictive Disorders

INTERNET GAMING DISORDER MOBILE OR CELL PHONE COMPULSION REPETITIVE SELF-MUTILATION COMPULSIVE SEXUAL BEHAVIOR

5. Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders

THE CLINICAL PRESENTATION DIAGNOSIS OBJECTIVE TESTS FOR THE DISORDER DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS FOR PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS COMORBIDITY COURSE PROGNOSIS TREATMENT APPROACH THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF THE DISORDERS THE NEUROBIOLOGY OF THE DISORDER THE PSYCHOLOGY OF THE DISORDER ETIOLOGY

6. Bipolar Disorders

THE CLINICAL PRESENTATION DIAGNOSIS DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COMORBIDITY COURSE PROGNOSIS TREATMENT APPROACH THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF THE DISORDER(S) THE NEUROBIOLOGY OF THE DISORDER THE PSYCHOLOGY OF THE DISORDER ETIOLOGY

7. Depressive Disorders

THE CLINICAL PRESENTATION DIAGNOSIS DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COMORBIDITY COURSE PROGNOSIS TREATMENT APPROACH THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DEPRESSION THE NEUROBIOLOGY OF DEPRESSION THE PSYCHOLOGY OF DEPRESSION ETIOLOGY

8. Anxiety Disorders

THE CLINICAL PRESENTATION DIAGNOSIS DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COMORBIDITY COURSE TREATMENT APPROACH THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF THE DISORDER(S) THE NEUROBIOLOGY OF THE DISORDER ETIOLOGY

9. Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

THE CLINICAL PRESENTATION DIAGNOSIS DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COMORBIDITY COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY ETIOLOGY

10. Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders

THE CLINICAL PRESENTATION DIAGNOSIS DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS FOR THE TRAUMA- AND STRESSOR-RELATED DISORDERS COMORBIDITY COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT APPROACH EPIDEMIOLOGY ETIOLOGY

11. Dissociative Disorders

DIAGNOSTIC AND CLINICAL FEATURES DEPERSONALIZATION/DEREALIZATION DISORDER DISSOCIATIVE IDENTITY DISORDER OTHER SPECIFIED OR UNSPECIFIED DISSOCIATIVE DISORDER COMORBIDITY COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY ETIOLOGY

12. Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders

THE CLINICAL PRESENTATION DIAGNOSIS EVALUATION OF SOMATIC SYMPTOM AND RELATED DISORDERS DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COMORBIDITY COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT OF SOMATIC SYMPTOM AND RELATED DISORDERS EPIDEMIOLOGY ETIOLOGY

13. Feeding and Eating Disorders

CLINICAL FEATURES DIAGNOSIS AND CLINICAL FEATURES PATHOLOGY AND LABORATORY EXAMINATION DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COMORBIDITY COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT APPROACH EPIDEMIOLOGY ETIOLOGY

14. Elimination Disorders

ENCOPRESIS ENURESIS

15. Sleep–Wake Disorders

THE CLINICAL PRESENTATION DIAGNOSIS CLINICAL TOOLS IN SLEEP MEDICINE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COMORBIDITY TREATMENT APPROACH

16. Human Sexuality and Sexual Dysfunctions

SEXUAL DYSFUNCTIONS PARAPHILIC DISORDERS SEX ADDICTION AND COMPULSIVITY NORMAL SEXUALITY

17. Gender Dysphoria, Gender Identity, and Related Conditions

INTRODUCTION DIAGNOSIS AND CLINICAL FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COURSE AND PROGNOSIS COMORBIDITY TREATMENT EPIDEMIOLOGY ETIOLOGY

18. Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders

THE CLINICAL PRESENTATION DIAGNOSIS OBJECTIVE TESTS FOR THE DISORDERS DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS FOR THE DISRUPTIVE AND IMPULSE-CONTROL DISORDERS COMORBIDITY COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT APPROACH EPIDEMIOLOGY ETIOLOGY

19. Personality Disorders

THE CLINICAL PRESENTATION DIAGNOSIS DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COMORBIDITY COURSE AND PROGNOSIS TREATMENT APPROACH EPIDEMIOLOGY ETIOLOGY

20. Other Conditions that May be a Focus of Clinical Attention

INTRODUCTION MALINGERING BEREAVEMENT OCCUPATIONAL PROBLEMS ADULT ANTISOCIAL BEHAVIOR RELIGIOUS OR SPIRITUAL PROBLEM ACCULTURATION PROBLEM PHASE OF LIFE PROBLEM NONCOMPLIANCE WITH TREATMENT RELATIONAL PROBLEMS

B Treatment Across the Lifespan

21. Psychopharmacology

DRUG SELECTION DRUG FACTORS SIDE EFFECTS PATIENT-RELATED FACTORS INFORMED CONSENT AND PATIENT EDUCATION DOSING, DURATION, AND MONITORING LABORATORY TESTS AND THERAPEUTIC BLOOD MONITORING TREATMENT OUTCOMES COMBINATION OF DRUGS COMBINED PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PHARMACOTHERAPY SPECIAL POPULATIONS REGULATORY ISSUES NONAPPROVED DOSAGES AND USES PLACEBOS 21.1 Antipsychotics

SEROTONIN–DOPAMINE ANTAGONISTS AND SIMILARLY ACTING DRUGS (SECOND-GENERATION OR ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS) DOPAMINE RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS (FIRST-GENERATION ANTIPSYCHOTICS)

21.2 Antidepressants

SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS SELECTIVE SEROTONIN–NOREPINEPHRINE REUPTAKE INHIBITORS BUPROPION MIRTAZAPINE NEFAZODONE AND TRAZODONE TRICYCLICS AND TETRACYCLICS MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS THYROID HORMONES NOVEL AGENTS

21.3 Mood Stabilizers

LITHIUM VALPROATE LAMOTRIGINE CARBAMAZEPINE AND OXCARBAZEPINE OTHER ANTICONVULSANTS CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS

21.4 Anxiolytics

BENZODIAZEPINES AND DRUGS ACTING ON GABA RECEPTORS BUSPIRONE β-Adrenergic Receptor Antagonists BARBITURATES AND SIMILARLY ACTING DRUGS

21.5 Drugs Used to Treat Sleep Disorders

NONBENZODIAZEPINE GABA AGONISTS MELATONIN AGONISTS: RAMELTEON AND MELATONIN PRAZOSIN

21.6 Stimulants

STIMULANT DRUGS AND ATOMOXETINE ATOMOXETINE (STRATTERA)

21.7 Drugs Used to Treat Substance Use Disorders

OPIOID RECEPTOR AGONISTS OPIOID RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS: NALTREXONE, NALMEFENE, AND NALOXONE DISULFIRAM AND ACAMPROSATE CLONIDINE AND GUANFACINE

21.8 Drugs Used for Cognitive Enhancement

CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS MEMANTINE

21.9 Drugs Used to Treat Sexual Disorders

PHOSPHODIESTERASE-5 INHIBITORS YOHIMBINE

21.10 Drugs Used to Treat the Side Effects of Psychotropic Drugs

ANTICHOLINERGIC AGENTS ANTIHISTAMINES DOPAMINE RECEPTOR AGONISTS AND PRECURSORS DRUGS TO TREAT PSYCHOTROPIC-INDUCED WEIGHT GAIN

21.11 Nutritional Supplements and Related

NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS AND MEDICAL FOODS PHYTOMEDICINES

22. Other Somatic Therapies

ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY OTHER BRAIN STIMULATION METHODS NEUROSURGICAL TREATMENTS AND DEEP BRAIN STIMULATION

23. Psychotherapy

PSYCHOANALYSIS AND PSYCHOANALYTIC PSYCHOTHERAPY BRIEF PSYCHODYNAMIC PSYCHOTHERAPY GROUP PSYCHOTHERAPY, COMBINED INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP PSYCHOTHERAPY, AND PSYCHODRAMA FAMILY THERAPY AND COUPLES THERAPY DIALECTICAL BEHAVIOR THERAPY BIOFEEDBACK COGNITIVE THERAPY BEHAVIOR THERAPY HYPNOSIS INTERPERSONAL THERAPY NARRATIVE PSYCHOTHERAPY COMBINED PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PHARMACOTHERAPY MENTALIZATION-BASED TREATMENT PSYCHOEDUCATIONAL INTERVENTIONS

24. Psychiatric Rehabilitation and Other Interventions

PSYCHIATRIC REHABILITATION GENETIC COUNSELING

25. Consultation to Other Disciplines

25.1 Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry

HISTORY CURRENT TRENDS EVALUATION PROCESS IN PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE TREATMENTS USED IN PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE PSYCHO-ONCOLOGY

25.2 Geriatric Psychiatry

PSYCHIATRIC PROBLEMS OF OLDER PERSONS MENTAL DISORDERS OF OLD AGE SUICIDE RISK OTHER CONDITIONS OF OLD AGE SPOUSAL BEREAVEMENT PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF GERIATRIC DISORDERS PSYCHOTHERAPY FOR GERIATRIC PATIENTS

25.3 Psychiatric Emergencies

TREATMENT SETTINGS EPIDEMIOLOGY EVALUATION SPECIFIC INTERVIEW SITUATIONS TREATMENT OF EMERGENCIES PSYCHIATRIC EMERGENCIES IN CHILDREN

26. Level of Care

INPATIENT ADMISSION PARTIAL HOSPITAL TREATMENT INTENSIVE OUTPATIENT TREATMENT OUTPATIENT CARE RESIDENTIAL CARE

C Other Issues Relevant to Psychiatry

27. Ethics and Professionalism

PROFESSIONAL CODES BASIC ETHICAL PRINCIPLES SPECIFIC ISSUES

28. Forensic and Legal Issues

MEDICAL MALPRACTICE PRIVILEGE AND CONFIDENTIALITY HIGH-RISK CLINICAL SITUATIONS HOSPITALIZATION RIGHT TO TREATMENT RIGHT TO REFUSE TREATMENT CIVIL RIGHTS OF PATIENTS SECLUSION AND RESTRAINT INFORMED CONSENT CHILD CUSTODY TESTAMENTARY AND CONTRACTUAL CAPACITY AND COMPETENCE CRIMINAL LAW OTHER AREAS OF FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY

29. End-of-Life Issues and Palliative Care

29.1 Death, Dying, and Bereavement

DEATH AND DYING BEREAVEMENT, GRIEF, AND MOURNING LIFE CYCLE PERSPECTIVES ABOUT BEREAVEMENT

29.2 Palliative Care

PREVALENCE GENERAL TREATMENT PRINCIPLES ANXIETY IN PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED DISEASE DEPRESSION IN PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED DISEASE CONFUSIONAL STATES IN PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED DISEASE DISEASE-SPECIFIC CONSIDERATIONS PATIENT–FAMILY UNIT DECISION POINTS, ADVANCE DIRECTIVES, PROXIES, AND SURROGATES CARING FOR THE DYING PATIENT COMMUNICATION TERMINAL CARE DECISIONS CARING FOR THE FAMILY PALLIATIVE CARE PAIN MANAGEMENT PALLIATION OF OTHER SYMPTOMS HOSPICE CARE NEONATAL AND INFANT END-OF-LIFE CARE CHILD END-OF-LIFE CARE SPIRITUAL ISSUES ALTERNATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE

29.3 Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide

EUTHANASIA PHYSICIAN-ASSISTED SUICIDE FUTURE DIRECTIONS

30. Community Psychiatry

INTRODUCTION CONTEMPORARY PUBLIC AND COMMUNITY PSYCHIATRY THE ROLE OF PUBLIC AND COMMUNITY PSYCHIATRY IN TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY HEALTH CARE

31. Global and Cultural Issues in Psychiatry

PREVALENCE AND BURDEN OF MENTAL DISORDERS WORLDWIDE TREATMENT GAP AND PROJECTED POPULATION-LEVEL TREATMENT EFFECTIVENESS WORLDWIDE RESOURCES FOR MENTAL HEALTH CARE WORLDWIDE PRINCIPLES FOR MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT AND BARRIERS TO CHANGE WORLDWIDE STIGMATIZING ATTITUDES TOWARD PEOPLE WITH MENTAL DISORDERS RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN MENTAL AND PHYSICAL DISEASES ETHICAL ISSUES IN MENTAL HEALTH CARE INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ACTIVE IN THE MENTAL HEALTH FIELD FUTURE PERSPECTIVES

Glossary of Terms Relating to Signs and Symptoms Index

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