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Index
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
Acknowledgements
Part 1: Designing an Experiment
1: Before You Begin
1.1 Variables and Measurement
1.2 Experimental versus Correlational Research
1.3 The Dynamic Nature of Scientific Method
1.4 Summary
1.5 Practical Tasks
1.6 Further Reading
2: Planning an Experiment
2.1 What Should I Research: Finding Out What’s Been Done?
2.2 How Do I Research My Question?
2.3 Summary: Is That It?
2.4 Practical Tasks
2.5 Further Reading
3: Experimental Designs
3.1 The Three Aims of Research: Reliability, Validity and Importance
3.2 Different Methods for Doing Research
3.3 So, Which Experimental Design Should You Use?
3.4 Ethical Considerations in Running a Study
3.5 Summary
3.6 Practical Tasks
3.7 Further Reading
Part 2: Analysing and Interpreting Data
4: Descriptive Statistics
4.1 Populations and Samples
4.2 Summarizing Data
4.3 Confidence Intervals
4.4 Reporting Descriptive Statistics
4.5 Summary
4.6 Practical Tasks
4.7 Further Reading
5: Inferential Statistics
5.1 Testing Hypotheses
5.2 Summary
5.3 Practical Tasks
5.4 Further Reading
6: Parametric Statistics
6.1 How Do I Tell If My Data are Parametric?
6.2 The t-Test
6.3 The Independent t-Test
6.4 The Dependent t-Test
6.5 Analysis of Variance
6.6 One-Way Independent ANOVA
6.7 One-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA
6.8 Two Way Independent ANOVA
6.9 Two-Way Mixed ANOVA
6.10 Two-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA
6.11 Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA)
6.12 Summary
6.13 Practical Tasks
6.14 Further Reading
7: Non-parametric Statistics
7.1 Non-Parametric Tests: Rationale
7.2 The Mann-Whitney Test
7.3 The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test
7.4 The Kruskal-Wallis Test
7.5 Friedman’s ANOVA
7.6 Summary
7.7 Practical Tasks
7.8 Further Reading
8: Choosing a Statistical Test
8.1 The Need to Think About Statistics at the Outset of Designing a Study
8.2 Five Questions to Ask Yourself
8.3 Specific Sources of Confusion in Deciding Which Test to Use
8.4 Examples of Using These Questions to Arrive at the Correct Test
8.5 Summary
8.6 Practical Tasks
Part 3: Writing Up Your Research
9: A Quick Guide to Writing a Psychology Lab-Report
9.1 An Overview of the Various Sections of a Report
9.2 Title
9.3 Abstract
9.4 Introduction
9.5 Method
9.6 Results
9.7 Discussion
9.8 References
10: General Points When Writing a Report
10.1 The Standardized Format of the Report
10.2 Some Important Considerations When Writing a Report
10.3 Writing Style
10.4 Give Yourself Enough Time
10.5 Summary
10.6 Practical Tasks
10.7 Further Reading
11: Answering the Question ‘Why?’ The Introduction Section
11.1 Providing a Rationale
11.2 How to Describe Previous Research and its Findings
11.3 Outlining Your Own Experiment
11.4 Providing Predictions About the Experiment’s Outcome
11.5 Summary
11.6 Practical Tasks
12: Answering the Question ‘How?’ The Method Section
12.1 Design
12.2 Participants
12.3 Apparatus
12.4 Procedure
12.5 Summary
12.6 Practical Tasks
13: Answering the Question ‘What Did I Find?’ The Results Section
13.1 Tidying Up Your Data
13.2 Descriptive Statistics
13.3 Inferential Statistics
13.4 Make the Reader’s Task Easy
13.5 Be Selective in Reporting Your Results!
13.6 Summary
14: Answering the Question ‘So What’? The Discussion Section
14.1 Summarize Your Findings
14.2 Relate Your Findings to Previous Research
14.3 Discuss the Limitations of Your Study
14.4 Make Suggestions for Further Research
14.5 Draw Some Conclusions
14.6 Summary
15: Title, Abstract, References and Formatting
15.1 The Title
15.2 The Abstract
15.3 References
15.4 Appendices
15.5 Practical Tasks
16: Example of an Experimental Write-Up
16.1 Abstract
16.2 Introduction
16.3 Method
16.4 Design
16.5 Procedure
16.6 Results
16.7 Discussion
16.8 References for the Example
References
Index
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