The Abolition of Feudalism · Peasants, Lords and Legislators in the French Revolution by Markoff, John -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

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THE ABOLITION OF FEUDALISM PEASANTS, LORDS, AND LEGISLATORS IN THE FRENCH REVOLUTION CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES AND MAPS LIST OF TABLES ACKNOWLEDGMENTS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION: GRIEVANCES, INSURRECTIONS, LEGISLATION CHAPTER 2 SEIGNEURIAL RIGHTS ON THE REVOLUTIONARY AGENDA The Cahiers de Doléances Coding the Cahiers The Rural World of Burdens Faces of the Seigneurial Regime Peasants: Still More Burdens Nobility: Honor Third Estate: Freedom of the Market Seigneurial Rights in the Cahiers: Peasant Burdens, Third Estate Market Freedom, Noble Silence and Honor CHAPTER 3 THREE REVOLUTIONARY PROGRAMS Openness to Change Ways of Changing and Ways of Keeping To Abolish or to Maintain Peasant and Third Estate Radicalism Noble Conservatism Noble Defense and Third Estate Attack Indemnification What Can be Reformed--and How? Taxation: Services and Equity Lord and Church: The Irrelevance of Equity On Seigneurial Courts (and Other Objects of Rural Reform) How to Reform the Lord's Amusements Hunting Rights Pigeons, Rabbits, Fish Hunting Rights and Other Seigneurial Pleasures Periodic Payments and Mutation Rights A Note on the Ideological Rationale for Reform Reforming Nobles: How Elite Reforms Differ Peasants and Nobles Protect Themselves; The Third Estate Opts for Lawsuits A National Dialogue Peasants Assess Their Burdens Unstructured Resentment Parochialism Seigneurial Rights and Public Service Conclusions CHAPTER 4 ON THE IDEOLOGICAL CONSTRUCTION OF THE SEIGNEURIAL REGIME BY THE THIRD ESTATE (AND OF TWO SEIGNEURIAL REGIMES BY THE NOBILITY) The Unity of the Seigneurial Regime The Seigneurial Regime as a Financial Burden Church Exactions Taxation Looking Downstream: August 4, 1789 Tithe, Benefice, Payments to Rome Tax Privileges Guilds, Pensions, Venality of Office Career Opportunities Judicial Expense Conclusions The Society of Privilege Communal Rights Economic Development Agriculture Industry, Commerce, Finance Further Explorations Honor and Income: The Two Seigneurial Regimes of the Nobility Two Kinds of Rights Two Webs of Association The Third Estate Considers the Seigneurial Regime CHAPTER 5 FORMS OF REVOLT: THE FRENCH COUNTRYSIDE, 1788-1793 Defining an Event Temporal Boundaries Sources Actions, Events, Types of Events Biases Moving Beyond the Biases of the Sample Forms of Revolt Antiseigneurial Events Incidents with a Religious Aspect Anti-tax Events Attacks on Authorities Subsistence Events Wage Conflicts Land Conflicts Counterrevolution Panics Recapitulation Rural Revolt, 1788-1793 CHAPTER 6 RHYTHMS OF CONTENTION Peaks and Troughs Eight Trajectories Different Targets, Different Rhythms Peak Times and Quiet Times Peak Episodes Day by Day Rhythms Microrhythms: The Weekly Cycle Excursus on Innovation in Struggle Annual Rhythms Further Observations CHAPTER 7 TRACKING INSURRECTION THROUGHTIME AND SPACE How France's Regions Had Different Rural Revolutions (and What They Had in Common) Time and Space Was the West a Different World? Northern France Falls Quiet Local Contexts and Forms of Revolt in the Summer of 1789 France as a Laboratory The Misery Thesis Involvement in Markets and Struggles over Food Supply State, Market, and Insurrection in Summer 1789 Literacy Forms of Solidarity: Communal Ties and the Propensity to Revolt Land-use: Cereals, Pasturage, Viticulture, Woodlands, Waste Labor Migration What Sorts of Places Had Revolts in the Summer of 1789? Beyond the Breakdown Antiseigneurialism: Changing Contexts Five Years of Rural Revolt Market and State as Contexts of Revolt: Summing Up Methodological Autocritique A Collection of Explanations and How to Sort Through Them Unity and Diversity in Revolt Center, Periphery, Peripheries Tracking the Rural Revolution through Time and Space CHAPTER 8 REVOLUTIONARY PEASANTS AND REVOLUTIONARY LEGISLATORS The "Eternally Celebrated" Night of August 4 Legislators Talk About Rural Revolt What Do You Do After You Have Totally Abolished Feudalism? How the War Revolutionized the Revolution: Seigneurial Rights Abroad and At Home Parallels and Contrasts Legislators Deal with the Tithe The Battle for Land: Divided Communities and Division of the Commons Legislative Silence: Agricultural Labor Legislators Respond to Peasants Peasants Respond to Legislators Peasants, Legislators, and the Boundary of State Action A Peasant-Bourgeois Alliance CHAPTER 9 WORDS AND THINGS: THE FRENCH REVOLUTIONARY BOURGEOISIE DEFINES THE FEUDAL REGIME From Fiefs to Epochs: A Word Expands Lawyers Make Distinctions: A Word Contracts A Feudal-Modern Mélange Traditional Claims and Modern Purposes (or Using the Old to Obtain the New) Defending Old Rights with New Ideas (or Using the New to Maintain the Old) Merlin Defines the Feudal Regime Merlin's Reasoning and Noble Ideology Legislators Maintain a Broad Definition and a Narrow One; Peasants Misunderstand Monarchy The Rupture A Cultural Legacy CHAPTER 10 CONCLUSION: FROM GRIEVANCES TO REVOLUTION A Serf Meets Legislators A Peasant-Bourgeois Alliance Recapitulation Elites and Plebeians Did It Matter? Was There Only a Popular Revolution? A Note on a Thesis of Cobban Speaking An Emerging Political Profession APPENDIX: SOURCES FOR PEASANT INSURRECTION DATA REFERENCES INDEX

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