The Reformation by MacCulloch, Diarmaid -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover About the Author Title Page Copyright Dedication Contents List of Illustrations and Maps Preface and Acknowledgements Introduction Part I A Common Culture

1 The Old Church, 1490–1517

Seeing Salvation in Church The First Pillar: The Mass and Purgatory Layfolk at Prayer The Second Pillar: Papal Primacy A Pillar Cracks: Politics and the Papacy Church Versus Commonwealth?

2 Hopes and Fears, 1490–1517

Shifting Boundaries The Iberian Exception The Iberian Achievement: The Western Church Exported New Possibilities: Paper and Printing Humanism: A New World from Books Putting Renewal into Practice Reform or the Last Days? Erasmus: Hopes Fulfilled, Fears Stilled?

3 New Heaven: New Earth, 1517–24

The Shadow of Augustine Luther, a Good Monk: 1483–1517 An Accidental Revolution: 1517–21 Whose Revolution? 1521–2 Evangelical Challenges: Zwingli and Radicalism 1521–2 Zürich and Wittenberg 1522–4 The Years of Carnival 1521–4

4 Wooing The Magistrate, 1524–40

Europe’s Greatest Rebellion: 1524–5 Princely Churches or Christian Separation: 1525–30 The Birth of Protestantisms: 1529–33 Strassburg: New Rome or New Jerusalem? Kings and Reformers, 1530–40 A New King David? Münster and Its Aftermath

5 Reunion Deferred: Catholic and Protestant, 1530–60

A Southern Revival Ignatius Loyola and the Early Jesuits Hopes For a Deal: The 1541–2 Crisis A Council at Trent: The First Session, 1545–9 Calvin in Geneva: The Reformed Answer to Münster Calvin and the Eucharist: Protestant Divisions Confirmed Reformed Protestantism: Alternatives to Calvin 1540–60

6 Reunion Scorned, 1547–70

Crisis For the Habsburgs, 1547–55 1555: An Emperor’s Exhaustion, a Pope’s Obsession A Catholic Recovery: England 1553–8 1558–9: Turning-points for Dynasties The Last Session of the Council of Trent, 1561–3 Protestants in Arms: France and the Low Countries, 1562–70

Part II Europe Divided: 1570–1619

7 The New Europe Defined, 1569–72

Northern and Southern Religion Tridentine Successes The Catholic Defence of Christendom, 1565–71 Militant Northern Protestants, 1569–72 The Massacre of St Bartholomew, 1572 Poland 1569–76: An Alternative Future? Protestantism and Providence

8 The North: Protestant Heartlands

Defining Lutheranism: Towards the Formula of Concord The ‘Second Reformation’ in Germany Baltic Religious Contests: Poland-Lithuania and Scandinavia The Northern Netherlands: Protestant Victory The Northern Netherlands: The Arminian Crisis A Reformed Success: Scotland Elizabethan England: A Reformed Church? Ireland: The Coming of the Counter-Reformation

9 The South: Catholic Heartlands

Italy: The Counter-reformation’s Heart Spain and Portugal: King Philip’s Church The Counter-Reformation as World Mission

10 Central Europe: Religion Contested

The Empire and Habsburg Lands: A Shattered Church Habsburgs, Wittelsbachs and a Catholic Recovery Transylvania: A Reformed Israel France: Collapse of a Kingdom, 1572–98 France: A Late Counter-Reformation

11 618–48: Decision and Destruction 12 Coda: A British Legacy, 1600–1700

New English Beginnings: Richard Hooker and Lancelot Andrewes Early Stuart England: The Church’s Golden Age? War in Three Kingdoms, 1638–60 A Spectrum of Protestantisms, 1660–1700 American Beginnings

Part III Patterns of Life

13 Changing Times

Time Ending Hearing God’s Voice Fighting Antichrist: Idols Fighting Antichrist: Witches

14 Death, Life and Discipline

Negotiations with Death and Magic Telling out the Word Godly Discipline A Spirit of Protestantism?

15 Love and Sex: Staying The Same

A Common Legacy The Family in Society The Fear of Sodomy

16 Love and Sex: Moving On

The ‘Reformation of Manners’ Catholicism, the Family and Celibacy Protestantism and the Family Choices in Religion

17 Outcomes

Wars of Reformation Tolerating Difference Cross-currents: Humanism and Natural Philosophy Cross-currents: Judaism and Doubts The Enlightenment and Beyond

Appendix of Texts: Creeds, Lord’s Prayer, Ten Commandments and Hail Mary Notes Further Reading Index

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