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Index
Playing a Jewish Game: Gentile Christian Judaizing in the First and Second Centuries CE
Contents
Acknowledgements
Maps
1. Introduction: Judaizing and the Early Development of Christianity
The Term "Judaizer" in the Context of Nascent Christianity
Christian Judaizing in Nascent Christianity
Chronological Parameters
Geographical Parameters
Methodology
2. Gentile Attraction to Judaism in the Roman Empire
Gentile Attachment to Judaism inthe First Centuries CE
The Appeal of Judaism among the Powerful
How Did Attraction to Judaism Occur?
The Conversion of the Royal House of Adiabene
3. Christian Judaizing in Galatia: Paul's Letter to the Galatians
The Presence of Christian Judaizers in Galatia
To Whom Does Paul Address His Letter?
The Meaning of Ἰουδαΐζειν in Galatians 2: 14
Who Compelled Gentile Christians in Galatia to Judaize?
Why Did Galatian Christians Judaize?
The Location of the Galatian Churches
4. Christian Judaizing in Syria: Barnabas, the Didache, and Pseudo-Clementine Literature
The Epistle of Barnabas
Provenance and Author
Barnabas's Message: The Covenant Is Christian
The Problem of Fasting
Circumcision: An (Un)desirable Seal of Acceptance
The Laws of Kashruth
Sabbath Observance
The Didache
Provenance and Date
The Two Ways Material
Other Material Influenced by Judaism
The Anti-Jewish Voice
The Pseudo-Clementine Literature
Hostility toward Paul, Teacher of the "Lawless" Gospel
The Law-Observant Mission to Gentiles: Historical Progenitors
5. Christian Judaizing in Asia Minor: Revelation, Ignatius, and Justin Martyr
The Book of Revelation
Revelation 2:9 and 3:9
Jewish Persecution of Christians?
"Those Who Say That They Are Jews and Are Not"
Why Might Asia Minor Gentiles Have Judaized?
Ignatius on Christian Judaizers
Asia Minor or Antioch? One Group or Two?
Ignatius's Letter to the Magnesians
Ignatius's Letter to the Philadelphians
Justin Martyr's Dialogue with Trypho
Christians Are the «True Israel"
Christians and the Law
Why Talk Torah to Gentiles?
The Audience of the Dialogue
6. Marcion and Melito: More Evidence of Christian Judaizing in Asia Minor?
Marcion
Marcion's Teachings: Separate Deities, Scriptures, and Messiahs
Melito's ΠΕΡΙ ΠΑΣΧΑ (Peri Pascha)
The City of Sardis
The Peri Pascha and Melito's View of Jews and Judaism
Christianity Replaces Judaism
Melito Charges the Jews with Deicide
Were Gentile Judaizers Present?
7. Conclusion: Christian Judaizing and the Forging of a Distinct Christian Identity
Why Christians Judaized
How Did Christian Judaizers Identify Themselves?
The Effect of Christian Judaizing on Jewish/Christian Relations
APPENDIX: Scholarly Perceptions of Jewish-Christian Relations in Antiquity
The Rapid De-Judaization of Christianity
Adolf von Harnack
Walter Bauer's Challenge
Revision of Bauer's View
The Effects of the Second World War
Marcel Simon: Judaism as a Rival
Johannes Munck: Setting the Foundation
Rosemary Ruether: Christian Anti-Judaism
Recent Scholarship on Christian Judaizing
Lloyd Gaston
John Gager
N.T. Wright
Miriam Taylor: Christian Judaizing in the First and Second Centuries CE?
Judith Lieu
Notes
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Appendix
Bibliography
I. Primary Sources
II. Secondary Sources
Ancient Sources Index
Subject Index
Back Matter
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