Macrocognition in Teams by Letsky, Michael P. -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Page Title Page Copyright Page Contents List of Figures List of Tables Preface Chapter 1 Macrocognition in Teams

Michael Letsky and Norman W. Warner Macrocognition in teams The Program Program objectives Limitations and scope Military perspective CKI program thrusts Research questions Model of collaborative team activity The macrocognition construct Theories of human cognition Characteristics of macrocognition Need for empirical research Summary Note References

Chapter 2 Empirical Model of Team Collaboration Focus on Macrognition

Norman W. Warner and Michael P. Letsky Introduction Empirical model of team collaboration Model components Empirical model of team collaboration example Inputs to the team Problem area characteristics Collaboration stages and cognitive processes Empirical validation of model Conclusions References

Chapter 3 Shared Mental Models and Their Convergence

Sara A. McComb Shared mental models Mental model convergence Measuring shared mental models Shared mental models and macrocognition Implications References

Chapter 4 Communication as Team-level Cognitive Processing

Nancy J. Cooke, Jamie C. Gorman and Preston A. Kiekel Team communication and its relation to team cognition Automating communication analysis Applications of communication analysis Conclusions Acknowledgments References

Chapter 5 Collaboration, Training, and Pattern Recognition

Steven Haynes and C.A.P. Smith Introduction Prior research Method Decision task and experimental procedure Manipulation Incentives Data analysis and results Outcome quality Time to decision Sharing Bumping Discussion Implications for practice Conclusion Future research Acknowledgments References

Chapter 6 Toward a Conceptual Model of Common Ground in Teamwork

John M. Carroll, Gregorio Convertino, Mary Beth Rosson and Craig H. Ganoe Introduction A conceptual model of common ground in teamwork Model implementation: example manipulations and effects Discussion: toward a generative model Model productivity References

Chapter 7 Agents as Collaborating Team Members

Abhijit V. Deshmukh, Sara A. McComb and Christian Wernz Agent-based cognitive augmentation Designing effective human–agent teams Augmenting team macrocognitive processes Conclusions References

Chapter 8 Transferring Meaning and Developing Cognitive Similarity in Decision-making Teams: Collaboration and Meaning Analysis Process

Joan R. Rentsch, Lisa A. Delise and Scott Hutchison Introduction Distributed teams Cognitive similarity in teams Information-sharing among team members Transfer of expert knowledge to increase knowledge interoperability in teams Externalizing tacit knowledge Collaboration and meaning analysis process Acknowledgment Note References

Chapter 9 Processes in Complex Team Problem-solving: Parsing and Defining the Theoretical Problem Space

Stephen M. Fiore, Michael Rosen, Eduardo Salas, Shawn Burke and Florian Jentsch Overview of approach Individual and team knowledge-building UR about information – processes subservient to individual knowledge-building UR about teammates – processes subservient to team knowledge-building Developing shared problem conceptualization Option generation and team consensus development Outcome appraisal Processes occurring across functions Conclusions Acknowledgments References

Chapter 10 Augmenting Video to Share Situation Awareness More Effectively in a Distributed Team

David Kirsh Passing the bubble of situational awareness Current technology and science Slideshows are better than video’s for presenting to non-experts Animation vs stills: A brief review Conjectures, testbeds and methods Experiment one Results: Experiment one Experiment two Results: Experiment two Conclusions Acknowledgments References

Chapter 11 EWall: A Computational System for Investigating and Supporting Cognitive and Collaborative Sense-making Processes

Paul Keel, William Porter, Mathew Sither and Patrick Winston Introduction EWall user interface EWall agent system Discussion Conclusion and future work Acknowledgments References

Chapter 12 DCODE: A Tool for Knowledge Transfer, Conflict Resolution and Consensus-building in Teams

Robert A. Fleming Introduction Basic cognitive assessment tags (CATs) Knowledge elicitation approach Display of CATs Consensus Summary References

Chapter 13 Modeling Cultural and Organizational Factors of Multinational Teams

Holly A.H. Handley and Nancy J. Heacox Introduction Support for team collaboration Culture and work processes I-DecS decision support tool Usability and utility assessments Integration with decision support system for coalition operations Conclusion Acknowledgment References Appendix: Cultural Dimensions and Organization Impacts References for Appendix

Chapter 14 CENTER: Critical Thinking in Team Decision-making

Kathleen P. Hess, Jared Freeman and Michael D. Coovert Introduction Collaborative critical thinking theory CENTER CENTER validation study Fielding CENTER Conclusion Acknowledgments References

Chapter 15 Measuring Situation Awareness through Automated Communication Analysis

Peter W. Foltz, Cheryl A. Bolstad, Haydee M. Cuevas, Marita Franzke, Mark Rosenstein and Anthony M. Costello Introduction Situation awareness and team performance TeamPrints: LSA-based analysis of real-time communication Exploratory analyses: The NEO mission scenario data set C3Fire simulation experiment Conclusions and future directions Acknowledgments References

Chapter 16 Converging Approaches to Automated Communications-based Assessment of Team Situation Awareness

Shawn A. Weil, Pacey Foster, Jared Freeman, Kathleen Carley, Jana Diesner, Terrill Franz, Nancy J. Cooke, Steve Shope and Jamie C. Gorman Introduction Situation awareness and macrocognition Multiple communications assessment approaches Assessing situation awareness in large organizations: the Enron example Methods Results: Semantic and social network analyses of the Enron e-mail corpus Results: Communication flow processes in the Enron corpus Discussion and conclusions Acknowledgments References

Chapter 17 Shared Lightweight Annotation TEchnology (SLATE) for Special Operations Forces

Mark St. John and Harvey S. Smallman Introduction SLATE’s two key innovations SOF characteristics and requirements SLATE: Integration of innovative collaboration concepts Summary Acknowledgments References

Chapter 18 JIGSAW – Joint Intelligence Graphical Situation Awareness Web for Collaborative Intelligence Analysis

Harvey S. Smallman Overview JIGSAW: Joint Intelligence Graphical Situation Awareness Web JIGSAW’s support for team collaboration: A macrocognitive perspective Summary Acknowledgments References

Chapter 19 The Collaboration Advizor Tool: A Tool to Diagnose and Fix Team Cognitive Problems

David Noble Introduction CAT cognitive framework CAT functions Summary References

Chapter 20 Collaborative Operational and Research Environment (CORE): A Collaborative Testbed and Tool Suite for Asynchronous Collaboration

Elizabeth M. Wroblewski and Norman W. Warner Collaboration in today’s military An empirical model of team collaboration Naturalistic decision-making versus laboratory research The team collaboration research spectrum CORE testbed CORE tool suite Conclusion References

Chapter 21 Plug-and-Play Testbed for Collaboration in the Global Information Grid

Alex Bordetsky and Susan Hutchins Global information grid and collaborative technology Plug-and-play testbed with reachback to GIG Maritime interdiction operation experiments Testbed networking layer: Self-forming wireless tactical network topology Collaborative network tools MIO scenario Cognitive complexity of scenarios Conceptual model of team collaboration Types of problem-solving situations Approach to measuring team collaboration Coding process Results Significant macrocognitive processes Firefighters from 9-11 New coding categories Discussion Challenges Conclusions References

Chapter 22 Naturalistic Decision-making Based Collaboration Scenarios

Elizabeth Wroblewski and Norman W. Warner Introduction Naturalistic decision-making scenarios Collaboration scenarios Generating an effective collaboration scenario Common pitfalls Conclusion References

Chapter 23 Macrocognition Research: Challenges and Opportunities on the Road Ahead

Stephen M. Fiore, C.A.P. Smith and Michael P. Letsky Summarizing theoretical and methodological developments in macrocognition research How findings can make a difference Research gaps and challenges for the future Measuring macrocognition in the ‘head’ and in the ‘world’ Conclusions Acknowledgments References

Index

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