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Index
Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Table of Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
Preface: An Optimized Life
1. Introduction to Modelling
1.1 Decision Elements
1.2 Objectives and Constraints
1.3 Identifying Objectives and Constraints
1.4 Creating a Decision Model
1.4.1 Identifying the Nature of the Problem
1.4.2 Constructing a Mathematical Formulation
1.5 An Overarching Problem
Exercises
2. Mathematical Analysis
2.1 Fundamentals of Topology
2.1.1 Sets
2.1.2 Empty Set, Unions, Intersections, Complements
2.1.3 Sets and Spaces
2.1.4 Upper and Lower Bounds
2.1.5 Open Balls, Open Sets, Closed Sets
2.1.6 Compactness
2.1.7 Convexity
2.1.8 Plotting Objects
2.2 Characterizing an Objective Function
2.2.1 Warranting Optimality
2.3 First-Order Conditions
2.4 Lagrange Method
2.5 Gradient Search
Exercises
3. Optimization and Decision Making
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Graphical Approach
3.3 Simplex Method
3.3.1 Setting Up the Problem
3.3.2 Equation-Based Approach
3.3.3 Tableau Approach
3.4 Simplex Method: Other Considerations
3.4.1 Alternate Optima
3.4.2 Unbounded and Infeasible
3.5 Simplex Method: Examples
3.5.1 Example 1: A Municipal Engineer in Trouble (Infeasible)
3.5.2 Example 2: A Construction Materials Company
3.6 Simplex Method: Auxiliary Variable
3.7 Multiple Objectives and Trade-Off Analysis
3.7.1 Example of Conflicting Objectives: Maximizing Lifetime Income
3.7.2 Maintenance and Rehabilitation: An Example of Conflicting Objectives
3.8 Global Objective: Alternating Weights
3.8.1 Alternating Weights: An Example of Floor Production
3.8.2 Solving Alternating Weights: A Brief Example
3.9 Analysis of Inferiority
3.9.1 Example of Inferiority for a Bridge Replacement
3.9.2 Example of Inferiority for a Municipal Engineer
3.9.3 Example of Inferiority for Gas Emissions
3.10 Ranges, Satisfaction, and Lexicographic
3.10.1 Example: Commuting to Work
3.10.2 Utility Approach
3.10.3 An Example of the Utility Approach
Exercises
4. Probability and Statistics
4.1 Statistics
4.1.1 Statistics: A Simple Worked-Out Example
4.1.2 Statistics: A More Realistic Example
4.2 Probability
4.3 Linear Regression
Exercises
5. Estimation and Prediction
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Estimation
5.2.1 Worked Example for Pavement Deterioration
5.2.2 Example of Road Safety
5.2.3 Estimation of Explanatory Power Standardized Beta Coefficients
5.3 Predictions
5.3.1 Example of Predictions
Exercises
References
6. Land Use and Transport Models
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Modelling: Estimation of Travel Demand with a Gravitational Approach
6.3 Trip Distribution and Modal Split: Random Utility
6.3.1 Example: Logit
6.3.2 Example: Multinomial Logit
6.4 Modelling: Location and Land Development
6.4.1 Basic Example of Lowry’s Model
6.5 Advanced Land Use and Transport Systems
Exercises
Reference
7. Transport and Municipal Engineering
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Location of a Facility within an Area
7.3 Shortest Path
7.3.1 Simple Example of the Shortest Path
7.3.2 Extended Example of the Shortest Path
7.4 Transportation (Distribution or Allocation)
7.4.1 Simple Example of Transportation
7.5 Trans-Shipment
7.5.1 Example of Trans-Shipment for Canadian Airports and Roads
7.6 Allocation of Public Works
7.6.1 Example of Public Works Awarding
7.7 Coordination of Public Works
7.7.1 Simple Example of Coordination
7.8 Network Flows
7.8.1 Example: Pedestrians’ Tunnel Network
Exercises
8. Civil Infrastructure Management
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Dynamic Effect of Decisions on Time
8.3 Performance Modelling
8.3.1 Deterioration Modelling
8.3.2 Improvement Modelling
8.4 Infrastructure Management
8.4.1 Preamble: Joining Deterioration and Improvement
8.4.2 Optimization Algorithms
8.5 Solving Optimization
8.6 Incorporation of Other Elements
8.7 Extending the Decision over Several Criteria
8.8 Case Study
8.8.1 Scenario 1: Maximize Condition
8.8.2 Scenario 2: Minimize Costs and Reach Target Condition Level
8.8.3 Scenario 3: Minimize Environmental Impact
Exercises
9. Uncertainty
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Measuring Desirability: Value Approach
9.3 Incorporating Experiments
9.4 Uncertainty in Coefficients
9.5 Uncertainty in Response
Exercises
Index
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