Essential French Grammar by Thacker, Mike,D'Angelo, Casimir -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Half Title Page Title Page Copyright Page Table of Contents Acknowledgements Introduction Glossary of grammatical terms 1 NOUNS

1.1 Types of nouns 1.2 Gender 1.3 Number Nouns in context Exercises

2 DETERMINERS

2.1 The three types of article 2.2 Forms of the articles 2.3 The definite article 2.4 The indefinite article 2.5 The partitive article 2.6 Omission of the article 2.7 Demonstrative determiners 2.8 Possessive determiners Determiners in context Exercises

3 PRONOUNS

3.1 Subject pronouns 3.2 Direct and indirect object pronouns 3.3 y 3.4 en 3.5 Reflexive pronouns 3.6 Order of object pronouns 3.7 Stressed pronouns 3.8 Coordination of personal pronouns 3.9 Demonstrative pronouns 3.10 Possessive pronouns 3.11 Indefinite pronouns Pronouns in context Exercises

4 ADJECTIVES

4.1 The position of adjectives 4.2 The feminine of adjectives 4.3 Adjectives with a second masculine form 4.4 The plural of adjectives 4.5 Compound adjectives 4.6 Agreement of adjectives with on 4.7 Agreement of adjectives according to meaning 4.8 Adjectives of colour 4.9 Foreign borrowings 4.10 Special cases 4.11 Adjectival expressions 4.12 Comparison of adjectives 4.13 Verbal adjectives Adjectives in context Exercises

5 NUMBERS

5.1 Cardinal numbers 5.2 Ordinal numbers 5.3 Word order when a cardinal and ordinal number are together 5.4 Approximate numbers 5.5 Time 5.6 Dates 5.7 Measurements 5.8 Fractions and calculations 5.9 Quantifiers Numbers in context Exercises

6 ADVERBS

6.1 Adverbs and adverbials 6.2 Formation of adverbs ending in -ment 6.3 Different types of adverbs 6.4 Comparison of adverbs 6.5 Position of adverbs 6.6 Inversion after certain adverbs Adverbs in context Exercises

7 NEGATION

7.1 Position of negative expressions 7.2 Order of negative expressions 7.3 de with a direct object in negative sentences 7.4 ne … aucun 7.5 ne … guère 7.6 ne … jamais 7.7 ne … ni … ni 7.8 ne … nul(le); ne … nulle part; ne … nullement 7.9 ne … pas 7.10 ne … personne 7.11 ne … plus 7.12 ne … que 7.13 ne … rien 7.14 Omission of ne in speech 7.15 Use of non and si 7.16 n’est-ce pas ? 7.17 Use of ne without a negative sense 7.18 Negative words with sans Negation in context Exercises

8 VERBS 1

8.1 The verb 8.2 Characteristics of the verb 8.3 Transitive and intransitive verbs 8.4 Pronominal verbs 8.5 Impersonal verbs 8.6 Verbal aspect Verbs in context Exercises

9 VERBS 2 : TENSES OF THE INDICATIVE

9.1 Tenses 9.2 The radical and verb endings 9.3 The present tense 9.4 The imperfect tense 9.5 The compound past 9.6 The simple past 9.7 The imperfect and the simple past contrasted 9.8 The pluperfect tense 9.9 The past anterior 9.10 The future tense 9.11 The compound future 9.12 The conditional tense 9.13 The compound conditional 9.14 Summary of the sequence of tenses in conditional clauses Indicative tenses in context Exercises

10 VERBS 3 : THE IMPERATIVE, THE INFINITIVE, PARTICIPLES

10.1 The imperative 10.2 The infinitive 10.3 Participles 10.4 The present participle 10.5 The gerund 10.6 The past participle Imperatives, infinitives and participles in context Exercises

11 VERBS 4 : THE SUBJUNCTIVE

11.1 The present subjunctive 11.2 The compound past subjunctive 11.3 The imperfect subjunctive 11.4 The pluperfect subjunctive 11.5 The double compound past subjunctive 11.6 Examples of the five subjunctive tenses 11.7 Uses of the subjunctive The subjunctive in context Exercises

12 PREPOSITIONS

12.1 Coordination of prepositions 12.2 Verb + preposition constructions 12.3 Adjectives and adverbs + prepositions 12.4 Differentiating between prepositions and adverbs 12.5 Prepositions and their uses 12.6 Prepositions meaning ‘in’ and ‘to’ before geographical names Prepositions in context Exercises

13 CONJUNCTIONS

13.1 Coordinating conjunctions 13.2 Subordinating conjunctions 13.3 Subordinating conjunctions followed by the indicative 13.4 Subordinating conjunctions followed by the subjunctive 13.5 Subordinating conjunctions followed by the indicative or subjunctive, depending on meaning Conjunctions in context Exercises

14 RELATIVE PRONOUNS

14.1 Agreement with the past participle (see also 10.6.4) 14.2 The invariable relatives, qui, que, quoi, dont, où 14.3 Qui 14.4 Que / qu’ 14.5 Quoi 14.6 Dont 14.7 Où 14.8 Lequel 14.9 Restrictive and non-restrictive relative clauses Relative pronouns in context Exercises

15 QUESTIONS AND EXCLAMATIONS

15.1 Questions 15.2 Exclamations Questions and exclamations in context Exercises

Appendix: Punctuation, accents and the French phonetic alphabet Verb tables Answers to exercises Index