A Companion to Late Antiquity (Blackwell Companions to the Ancient World) by Rousseau, Philip -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Figures Maps Notes on Contributors Preface and Acknowledgments Abbreviations CHAPTER ONE Approaching Late Antiquity

Approaching the Evidence Other Considerations

PART I The View from the Future CHAPTER TWO The Byzantine Late Antiquity1

Content 1: Looking at the Past at the End of Antiquity Content 2: Byzantine Chronicles and Late Antique Theological Transparency Form 1: Ninth-Century Literary Criticism and the Appreciation of Form Form 2: Eleventh-Century Readings of Late Antique Texts Form 3: Twelfth-Century Writings about the Late Antique Past Conclusions

CHAPTER THREE Late Antiquity in the Medieval West1

Letters and the Renewing of Memory: The Carolingian Renaissance Sites of Memory: Monasticism and the Cult of the Saints The Making of Gregory “the Great” Conclusion

CHAPTER FOUR Cities of the Mind: Renaissance Views of Early Christian Culture and the End of Antiquity

A Science of Antiquities The Translation and Revision of St. Jerome Petrarch in Double Time: Dilemmas of a Poet-Historian After Petrarch: New Literary Histories From Roman Empire to Republic of Letters: Lorenzo Valla Living Monuments: Erasmus on the Christian Classics A Renaissance without Rome; or, The Prospect of Late Antiquity

CHAPTER FIVE Narrating Decline and Fall

Christianity and Barbarism Virtue and Despotism The Christian Republic

CHAPTER SIX Late Antiquity in Modern Eyes

A Positive View of Late Antiquity An Authority for the Present Late Antiquity and German Altertumswissenschaft Dissenting Perspectives on Late Antiquity The Challenge of Evolutionary Biology A “Long” Late Antiquity The Impact of Social and Economic History Late Antiquity and the Decline of Cultures New Paths to Late Antiquity

PART II Land and People CHAPTER SEVEN The Shapes and Shaping of the Late Antique World: Global and Local Perspectives

The Shape of the World: Eternal Rome and Its Rivals A Fragile Unity Unity and Diversity in the Roman Empire: Land, Economy, Culture, Power Grand Narratives and Regional Perspectives The Geopolitics of the Late Antique World

CHAPTER EIGHT Mobility and the Traces of Empire

A Culture of Movement Mobility's Infrastructure The Speed of Travel The Courier Service Orientation Devices Inns Travel by Sea The Traces of Empire Conclusion

CHAPTER NINE Information and Political Power

Introduction Information and Politics in the Roman World An Increasing Need for Circulation of News A Permanent Search for Political Control Information and Public Opinion Information and the Political Fragmentation of the Empire

CHAPTER TEN Mediterranean Cities CHAPTER ELEVEN The Archaeological Record: Problems of Interpretation

Classical, Christian, and Late Antique Archaeology Modern Method: Archaeology as History Analysis and Synthesis Example 1: Pottery and the End of Antiquity Example 2: Religion in the Late Antique City Example 3: The Roman Tituli Example 4: Architecture and Symbolism

CHAPTER TWELVE Inscribing Identity: The Latin Epigraphic Habit in Late Antiquity

Epigraphic Corpora and Epigraphic Curves An Epigraphy of Christians Epigraphic Horizons Civic History and Public Memory Crossing Divides

CHAPTER THIRTEEN Gender and the Fall of Rome

Gender and the “Decline and Fall” Gender and Family from the Early Christian period to the Fifth and Sixth Centuries Did Women Have a “Decline and Fall”? Conclusion

CHAPTER FOURTEEN Marriage and Family Relationships in the Late Roman West

Displaying Family Feeling: Ausonius on His Kin Alternative Households: Asceticism and the Family Wives and Concubines: Augustine and Marital Life Epilogue: Family Feeling at the End of Antiquity

CHAPTER FIFTEEN The Church, the Living, and the Dead

Deathbed Rites Funerals The Church and Christian Places of Burial The Commemoration of the Dead

PART III Image and Word CHAPTER SIXTEEN The Value of a Good Education: Libanius and Public Authority

The School of Libanius The Rival Studies The Prestige of Rhetoric The Education of the Governors

CHAPTER SEVENTEEN Textual Communities in Late Antique Christianity

Orality, Literacy, and Education Authority of the Written Word Christian Books: Form and Function Conclusions

CHAPTER EIGHTEEN Exegesis without End: Forms, Methods, and Functions of Biblical Commentaries

Introduction Basil and Ambrose on Genesis Augustine on Genesis John Philoponus on Genesis Conclusions

CHAPTER NINETEEN Tradition, Innovation, and Epistolary Mores

Censure, Friendship, and Letter-Writing The Honeyed Sword Inventing Christian Letters

CHAPTER TWENTY Visual and Verbal Representation: Image, Text, Person, and Power

Classical Backgrounds Theories of Images and Seeing Person and Power in Late Antiquity Word and Image in Ancient Christianity Conclusion

CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE Christianity and the Transformation of Classical Art

Christianity and the Making of the “Middle Ages” Early Christian Art Redefined Fading of the Dark Ages Philosopher-Christ, Emperor-Christ Toward a “Truly Religious” Christian Art The Case of the Crucifixion Conclusion

CHAPTER TWENTY-TWO The Discourse of Later Latin

When did Latin become Late? “Late Latin” in Late Antiquity Developments in Later Latin When Will We Stop Speaking Latin?

CHAPTER TWENTY-THREE Language and Culture in Late Antique Egypt

Coptic Texts from Late Antiquity Learning Coptic Contexts for the Use of Coptic in Late Antiquity Monasticism and Coptic “Coptic Egypt”: Alternative Culture or New Fusion?

CHAPTER TWENTY-FOUR Late Antique Historiography: A Brief History of Time

Church Histories Latin Secular Histories Greek Secular Histories Chronicles

PART IV Empire, Kingdom, and Beyond CHAPTER TWENTY-FIVE Law in Practice

Introduction: Emperors and the Law in Late Antiquity How to do Things with Laws in Late Antiquity Seeking Justice Conclusion

CHAPTER TWENTY-SIX The Mirror of Jordanes: Concepts of the Barbarian, Then and Now

Late Antique Varieties of Ethnicity, Identity, and the Barbarian Greek, Hellenistic, and Roman Ethnography and Its Functions Making Classical History into Barbarian Origins

CHAPTER TWENTY-SEVEN Beyond the Northern Frontiers

Introduction East of the Rhine North of Hadrian's Wall West of the Irish Sea Conclusion

CHAPTER TWENTY-EIGHT From Empire to Kingdoms in the Late Antique West CHAPTER TWENTY-NINE Rome and the Sasanid Empire: Confrontation and Coexistence

Sources Sasanian Society Confrontation Coexistence and Exchange Image and Representation

CHAPTER THIRTY Syria, Syriac, Syrian: Negotiating East and West

Confronting Caricatures, Identifying Influences Ephrem's Fourth-Century Syria Orthodoxy on the Eastern Edge: Ephesus, Chalcedon, and Beyond Conclusion

CHAPTER THIRTY-ONE Syria and the Arabs

The Byzantine Empire and the Arabs Conquest of Syria by the Arabs/Muslims Importance of Syria to the Arabs/Muslims The Umayyad Dynasty in Syria and Egypt Cultural Achievements of the Arabs in Syria Christians, Jews, and Samaritans in Syria during the Umayyad Period Assessment of the Arabs in Syria and their Relationship to the Classical World

CHAPTER THIRTY-TWO The Early Caliphate and the Inheritance of Late Antiquity (c. ad 610–c. ad 750)

The Place of the Hijaz in the Late Antique World, and the Rise of Islam The Caliphate and the Public Expression of Authority Taxation Settlement Patterns and Social Change Conclusions

PART V The Sacred CHAPTER THIRTY-THREE Christianization, Secularization, and the Transformation of Public Life

De-paganization and the Challenge of Roman Games Excursus: Desacralization and Secularization Inventing the Secular in Late Antiquity Christianization and Secularization as Cultural Claims Conclusion

CHAPTER THIRTY-FOUR The Political Church: Religion and the State

Honor and Dignity Saving Face The Conciliar Arena Finding the Center The Written Record: The Conciliar Acts Blessed Memory Conclusion: The Political Church

CHAPTER THIRTY-FIVE The Late Antique Bishop: Image and Reality CHAPTER THIRTY-SIX The Conduct of Theology and the “Fathers” of the Church

Modes of Doctrinal Deliberation and Dispute in Late Antiquity Synods and Councils Creeds and Statements of Orthodoxy The Authority of the Nicene Council and Creed Fathers: Doctrine and Identity Using and Interpreting Fathers The Memory of Athanasius The Fathers, the Creed, and Conciliar Theology Conclusion

CHAPTER THIRTY-SEVEN Defining Sacred Boundaries: Jewish–Christian Relations

Jews, Christians, and Late Antiquity The History of the Study of Late Antique Jewish–Christian Relations Holy Communities and the Other Being Chosen, or Holiness Ascribed: The Christian Understanding Being Chosen, or Holiness Ascribed: The Jewish Understanding Holiness Achieved

CHAPTER THIRTY-EIGHT Pagans in a Christian Empire

Codifying Paganism: The Problem of the Theodosian Code The Letter of the Law: Sacrifice Renegotiating Space: Temples Pagan Survivors: Libanius, Symmachus, Ammianus Pagan Legacies: The Fifth Century In Search of the Last Pagans

CHAPTER THIRTY-NINE “Not of This World”: The Invention of Monasticism Bibliography Index

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