DIY Science · Illustrated Guide to Home Biology Experiments · All Lab, No Lecture by Thompson, Robert Bruce -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

DIY Science: Illustrated Guide to Home Biology Experiments: All Lab, No Lecture Preface

Who this Book is For How this Book is Organized Acknowledgments How to Contact Us Thank You Author Bios

1. Introduction

Using this Book with Your Curriculum Planning and Scheduling Work Areas Maintaining a Laboratory Notebook

Laboratory Notebook Guidelines Laboratory Notebook Format

2. Equipping a Home Biology Laboratory

Microscopes and Accessories

Microscope Types

Compound Microscope Head Style Illumination Type and Power Source Illumination Methods Nosepiece and Objective Lenses Eyepieces (Oculars) Focuser Mechanical Stage Substage Condenser, Diaphragm, and Filter Holder

The Final Decision Stereo Microscope Portable Microscopes and Magnifiers

Microscope Accessories

Cleaning Equipment Immersion Oil Photomicrography Equipment Slide Preparation Equipment and Supplies

Slides Coverslips Butane Lighter or Alcohol Lamp Forceps and Slide Tongs Mountants Biological Stains Coplin Staining Jar Slide Storage

Culturing Equipment and Supplies

Autoclave Incubator Culturing Containers

Petri Dishes Culture Tubes Culture Flasks

Culturing Media Culturing Accessories

Histology Equipment and Supplies

Microtome Dehydration Baths Embedding Blocks

General Laboratory Equipment Major Equipment

Spectrophotometer Cellphone Spectrophotometer Ultracentrifuge DNA Processing Equipment and Supplies

Prepared Slides Specimens

3. Laboratory Safety

Prepare Properly Dress Properly Avoid Laboratory Hazards Don’t Do Stupid Things

4. Using a Microscope

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure I-1-1: A Microscope Tour

Controlling and Focusing the Light Focusing the Microscope Determining Field of View and Measuring Specimens Positioning and Observing a Slide

Build a Darkfield Apparatus from Pocket Change Review Questions

5. Mounting Specimens

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure I-2-1: Making Wet Mounts

Mounting a Hair Specimen Comparing Temporary Mounting Fluids

Procedure I-2-2: Making Smear Mounts Procedure I-2-3: Making Hanging Drop Mounts Procedure I-2-4: Making Sectional Mounts Review Questions

6. Staining

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure I-3-1: Simple Staining Procedure I-3-2: Gram Staining Review Questions

7. Building and Observing Microcosms

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure II-1-1: Gathering Materials

Field Trip!

Procedure II-1-2: Building Aquarium Microcosms Procedure II-1-3: Building Winogradsky Column Microcosms Procedure II-1-4: Observing Winogradsky Column Microcosms Review Questions

8. Observing Succession in Aquarium Microcosms

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure II-2-1: Observe Succession in Microcosms Review Questions

9. Observing the Effects of Pollution in Microcosms

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure II-3-1: Build Polluted Microcosms Procedure II-3-2: Observe Succession in Polluted Microcosms Review Questions

10. Acids, Bases, and Buffers

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure III-1-1: Percentage and Molar Concentrations

Making Up 1 M Solutions

Procedure III-1-2: Effect of Concentration on pH

Populating the Reaction Plate Determining the pH of the Solutions

Procedure III-1-3: pH of Household Materials Procedure III-1-4: Buffers

Preparing a 0.1 M Acetate Buffer Solution Testing the Buffer Solution

Review Questions

11. Carbohydrates and Lipids

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background

Carbohydrates (Saccharides) Lipids

Procedure III-2-1: Investigating Sugars Procedure III-2-2: Investigating Starches

Testing Specimens for the Presence of Starch Testing for Starch at the Cellular Level

Procedure III-2-3: Investigating Lipids

Solubility of Lipids The Grease-Spot Test for Lipids The Effect of Sudan III Stain on Lipids Observing Lipids at the Cellular Level

Review Questions

12. Proteins, Enzymes, and Vitamins

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background

Proteins Enzymes Vitamins

Procedure III-3-1: Investigating Proteins

Preparing Specimens Detecting Proteins with the Biuret Test Testing for the Presence of Cystine Denaturing Proteins with Alcohol, Acids, Bases, and Heavy-Metal Ions

Procedure III-3-2: Investigating Enzyme Catalysis

Prepare a Standard Peroxidase Solution Prepare Modified Peroxidase Solutions Prepare a Neutral Solution of Hydrogen Peroxide Test the Activity of Peroxidase Solutions

Procedure III-3-3: Assaying Vitamin C Concentration in Urine

Make Up a Standardized Vitamin C Solution Assay Vitamin C Concentrations

Review Questions

13. Coacervates

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure III-4-1: Prepare and Observe a Coacervate Review Questions

14. Extracting, Isolating, and Visualizing DNA

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure III-5-1: Extracting and Visualizing DNA Review Questions

15. Build a Gel Electrophoresis Apparatus

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure III-6-1: Making the Gel Casting Container and Comb Procedure III-6-2: Assemble the Apparatus

16. Simulated DNA Separation by Gel Electrophoresis

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure III-7-1: Prepare Running Buffer Procedure III-7-2: Prepare and Cast the Gel Procedure III-7-3: Load and Run the Dye Specimens Review Questions

17. Chlorophyll and Photosynthesis

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure IV-1-1: Observing Carbon Dioxide Uptake Procedure IV-1-2: Determining the Effect of Light Intensity on Photosynthesis Procedure IV-1-3: Chromatography of Plant Pigments and Locating Cellular Energy Reserves Review Questions

18. Investigating Osmosis

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure IV-2-1: Observing Osmosis in Chicken Eggs Review Questions

19. Investigating Cell Division

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure IV-3-1: Observing Mitosis Review Questions

20. Sampling Plant Populations in a Community

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure V-1-1: Choosing and Preparing the Survey Area Procedure V-1-2: Surveying the Plant Community Procedure V-1-3: Performing a Population Count Review Questions

21. Observing the Effect of Rhizobia on Plant Growth

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure V-2-1: Grow Lima Beans With and Without Rhizobia

Endnote

Review Questions

22. Air Pollution Testing

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure V-3-1: Building Particle Traps Procedure V-3-2: Positioning and Exposing the Particle Traps Procedure V-3-3: Counting and Identifying Particles Review Questions

23. Soil and Water Pollution Testing

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure V-4-1: Obtaining Soil and Water Specimens Procedure V-4-2: Testing the Reagents Procedure V-4-3: Making Boron Concentration Comparison Standards Procedure V-4-4: Testing Specimens for Boron Review Questions

24. Exploring Mendelian Genetics

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure VI-1-1: Testing Subjects for the Ability to Taste PTC Procedure VI-1-2: Charting Inheritance of PTC-Tasting Ability Review Questions

25. Observing Specialized Eukaryotic Cells

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure VII-1-1: Observing Onion Epidermal and Elodea Leaf Cells Procedure VII-1-2: Comparing and Contrasting Eukaryotic Cells Review Questions

26. Preparing Culturing Media

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure VII-2-1: Preparing Normal Saline and Nutrient Media Review Questions

27. Culturing Bacteria

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure VII-3-1: Staining and Observing the Original Culture Procedure VII-3-2: Inoculating Plates and Tubes Procedure VII-3-3: Producing Pure Cultures Review Questions

28. Investigating Bacterial Antibiotic Sensitivity

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure VII-4-1: Testing Antibiotic Sensitivity Procedure VII-4-2: Culturing an Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Strain Procedure VII-4-3: Retesting Sensitivity of the Resistant Strain Review Questions

29. Investigating Protista

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure VIII-1-1: Observing Spirogyrae Procedure VIII-1-2: Observing Euglenae Procedure VIII-1-3: Observing Amoebae Procedure VIII-1-4: Observing Paramecia Review Questions

30. Investigating Fungi

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure IX-1-1: Observing Zygomycota Procedure IX-1-2: Observing Ascomycota Procedure IX-1-3: Observing Basidiomycota Review Questions

31. Investigating Simple Plants: Mosses and Ferns

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure X-1-1: Observing Moss Structures Procedure X-1-2: Observing Fern Structures Review Questions

32. Investigating Seed Plants

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure X-2-1: Observing Germination of a Seed Plant Procedure X-2-2: Observing Root Structures Procedure X-2-3: Observing Stem Structures Procedure X-2-4: Observing Leaf Structures Procedure X-2-5: Observing Reproductive Structures Review Questions

33. Investigating Porifera and Cnidaria

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure XI-1-1: Observing Porifera Procedure XI-1-2: Observing Cnidaria Review Questions

34. Investigating Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, and Annelida

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure XI-2-1: Observing Platyhelminthes (Flatworms) Procedure XI-2-2: Observing Nematoda (Roundworms) Procedure XI-2-3: Observing Annelida (Segmented Worms) Review Questions

35. Investigating Arthropods

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure XI-3-1: Observing and Comparing Arthropod Structures Procedure XI-3-2: Observing Insect Metamorphosis Review Questions

36. Investigating Vertebrate Tissues

Equipment and Materials

Materials from Kit Materials You Provide

Background Procedure XI-4-1: Observing Epithelial Tissues Procedure XI-4-2: Observing Connective Tissues Procedure XI-4-3: Observing Muscle Tissues Procedure XI-4-4: Observing Nervous Tissues Review Questions

Index About the Authors

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