Interpersonal Sensitivity by Hall, Judith A. -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

The LEA Series in Personality and Clinical Psychology CONTENTS Series Foreword Preface I Theoretical Issues

1 Toward a Taxonomy of Interpersonal Sensitivity

FROM SENSATION TO BEHAVIOR THE FUNDAMENTAL ISSUE PROBLEMS WITH INTERPERSONAL SENSITIVITY AND ACCURACY RESEARCH

Breadth of the Construct Content or Thing Perceived Criterion Problem Variance Components

METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS

Units of Analysis Sampling of the Personal, Interpersonal, and Social Ecology Information Source Spontaneous Versus Posed Behavior Online (Interactive) Versus Stimulus-Based (Passive) Judgments The Best Method

PURPOSE, GOALS, AND OBJECTIVES ACKNOWLEDGMENT REFERENCES

2 Affective Empathy

CONCEPTUAL ISSUES METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES

Self-Reports of Situational Empathy-Related Responding Questionnaire Measures of Dispositional Empathy-Related Responding Other-Reports of Empathy-Related Responding Facial and Gestural Measures of Empathy-related Responses Physiological Measures of Empathy-Related Responses Experimental Manipulations Summary CONCLUSION

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS REFERENCES

II Assessing the Performance of a Perceiver

3 In Search of the Good Judge of Personality: Some Methodological and Theoretical Concerns

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES

Selection of Targets Criteria to Assess Accuracy Cronbach’s Components of Accuracy Types of Data Types of Judgmental Accuracy

THEORY VOGT AND COLVIN’S (1999) STUDY

Overview of Method Construction of Judgmental Accuracy Score Personality Correlates of Judgmental Accuracy

SUMMARY REFERENCES

4 Judging Rapport: Employing Brunswik’s Lens Model to Study Interpersonal Sensitivity

THE CONSTRUCT OF RAPPORT BRUNSWIK’S LENS MODEL RAPPORT AND ITS JUDGMENT

Criterion The Encoding and Potential Mediation of Rapport The Perception of Rapport Rapport Judgment Consensus Rapport Judgment Accuracy and Criterion Reliability Analyzing the Consensus Judgment Versus Individual Judgments

MODERATORS OF RAPPORT JUDGMENT ACCURACY

Individual Differences Exposure Length Channel of Communication Training

CONCLUSION ACKNOWLEDGMENT REFERENCES APPENDIX

Descriptions of the Perceptual Cues Coded in Bernieri et al. (1996)

Footnotes

5 Thin-Slice Judgments as a Measure of Interpersonal Sensitivity

DEFINING A THIN SLICE THIN-SLICE METHODOLOGY

Length of Exposure Channels Variables Judged

MEASURES OF INTERPERSONAL SENSITIVITY USING THIN SLICES ASSESSMENT OF INTERPERSONAL SENSITIVITY FROM THIN SLICES: MODERATORS

Personality and Individual Differences Affect Culture Domain Familiarity and Sensitivity

THIN-SLICE JUDGMENTS AND INTERPERSONAL SENSITIVITY: SOME FUTURE DIRECTIONS LIMITATIONS CONCLUSION ACKNOWLEDGMENT REFERENCES

6 Measuring Sensitivity to Deception

MEASURING ACCURACY IN DECEPTION DETECTION RESEARCH

Standard Measures of Accuracy Standard Paradigms Where Do Perceptions of Deceptiveness Come From? A Note on the Generalizability of Lie-Detection Skill Nonverbal Sensitivity and Skill at Detecting Deception

FUTURE DIRECTIONS

Indirect Deception Detection Behavioral Measures Detection Over Time Noticing Deception in Everyday Interaction

REFERENCES

III Toward the Creation of an Interpersonal Sensitivy Test

7 Self-Report Measurement of Interpersonal Sensitivity

SELF-REPORT VERSUS PERFORMANCE-BASED MEASUREMENT CONSTRUCT VALIDITY OF SELF-REPORT MEASURES OF INTERPERSONAL SENSITIVITY SELF-REPORT MEASURES OF CONSTRUCTS RELATED TO INTERPERSONAL SENSITIVITY SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS REFERENCES Footnotes

8 The PONS Test and the Psychometric Approach to Measuring Interpersonal Sensitivity

OTHER TESTS OF NONVERBAL DECODING ACCURACY

Brief Affect Recognition Test (BART; Ekman & Friesen, 1974)

CARAT (Buck, 1976)

IPT (Costanzo & Archer, 1989; Archer et al., chap. 9, this volume) DANVA (Baum & Nowicki, 1998; Nowicki & Duke, 1994; Nowicki & Duke, chap. 10, this volume) Child and Adolescent Social Perception Measure (CASP; Magill-Evans, Koning, Cameron-Sadava, & Manyk, 1995)

THE PONS TEST: WHY IT CAME TO BE DESCRIPTION OF THE PONS TEST RELIABILITY AND INTERNAL ANALYSES OF THE PONS TEST VALIDATIONAL FINDINGS FOR THE PONS TEST CRITIQUE OF THE PONS TEST

Reliability and the Associated Problem of Test Length The “One-Sender” Problem What is Being Measured?

THE BIGGER PICTURE: RELATIONS AMONG TESTS RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INVESTIGATORS WHAT IS THE FUTURE OF THE PSYCHOMETRIC APPROACH? ACKNOWLEDGMENT REFERENCES APPENDIX

Acquiring and Administering the PONS Test

Footnotes

9 The Interpersonal Perception Task (IPT): Alternative Approaches to Problems of Theory and Design

RESEARCH DESIGN: INFLUENCES, REFLECTIONS, AND FIRST EFFORTS

Interpersonal Sensitivity: Problems of Theory and Method

Significant Cue Theory Additive Theory Diffusion-Redundancy Theory

Concrete Design Decisions in Creating the IPT: Choices and Reasons

Enactments Versus Naturalistic Interaction Subjective Versus Objective Answers A Single Encoder Versus Real Interaction Channel Isolation Versus Multichannel Cues Recognition Versus Interpretation The Context Problem: Some Major Dimensions The Importance of a Design Menu

Current Knowledge and Future Directions

REFERENCES

10 Nonverbal Receptivity: The Diagnostic Analysis of Nonverbal Accuracy (DANVA)

THE DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS OF NONVERBAL ACCURACY

Construct Validity Support for the DANVA2 Subtests Future Directions in Assessment Use of DANVA2 in Clinical and Educational Settings

CONCLUSION REFERENCES

IV Dyadic Interaction Approaches

11 Correlational Method for Assessing Interpersonal Sensitivity Within Dyadic Interaction

REFERENCES APPENDIX

Rating Scales Examples Creating Sensitivity Scores

RATING SCALE 1-A RATING SCALE 1-B RATING SCALE 1-C RATING SCALE J1-A RATING SCALE J1-B

12 Measuring Empathic Accuracy

MEASURING EMPATHIC ACCURACY

Assessment Reliability of the Empathic Accuracy Measure Validity of the Empathic Accuracy Measure

POINTS OF DEPARTURE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS REFERENCES

13 Using Standard Content Methodology to Assess Nonverbal Sensitivity in Dyads

THEORETICAL ISSUES STANDARD CONTENT METHODOLOGY WITH MARRIED COUPLES METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES

Separating the Contributions of Encoders and Decoders Criterion of Accuracy Calculating Scores

OTHER QUESTIONS ANSWERED WITH THIS METHODOLOGY

Gender Differences Message Type Effects Channel Effects

COMPARING DECODING WITH SPOUSES AND STRANGERS AWARENESS OF ENCODING AND CONFIDENCE IN DECODING MICROANALYSIS OF NONVERBAL BEHAVIORS ON THE STANDARD CONTENT MESSAGES STRENGTHS OF STANDARD CONTENT METHODOLOGY LIMITATIONS OF STANDARD CONTENT METHODOLOGY CONCLUSION REFERENCES APPENDIX

14 The Measurement of Interpersonal Sensitivity: Consideration of Design, Components, and Unit of Analysis

THE COMPONENTIAL APPROACH THE UNIT OF ANALYSIS OF ACCURACY RESEARCH: IDIOGRAPHIC VERSUS NOMOTHETIC THE DESIGN OF ACCURACY RESEARCH THIS CHAPTER’S FOCUS THE 1P1T DESIGN

Idiographic Analysis Nomothetic Analysis Summary

THE MPMT DESIGN

Nomothetic Analysis: The Traditional Analysis Nomothetic Analysis: A New Analysis Idiographic Analysis Conclusion

MP1T AND 1PMT DESIGNS CONCLUSION ACKNOWLEDGMENTS REFERENCES APPENDIX

1P1T Design

Footnotes

V Where Can We Go From Here?

15 Interpersonal Sensitivity Research and Organizational Psychology: Theoretical and Methodological Applications

INTERPERSONAL SENSITIVITY AND LEADERSHIP INTERPERSONAL SENSITIVITY AND PERSONNEL FUNCTIONS INTERPERSONAL SENSITIVITY AND THE DEVELOPMENT AND FUNCTIONING OF WORK TEAMS INTERPERSONAL SENSITIVITY AND CUSTOMER SERVICE SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES

16 Three Trends in Current Research on Person Perception: Positivity, Realism, and Sophistication

POSITIVITY REALISM SOPHISTICATION

New Methods for Accuracy Analysis The Perils of Analytic Sophistication The Realistic Solution

THE REALISTIC ACCURACY MODEL ACKNOWLEDGMENT REFERENCES Footnotes

17 Groping for the Elephant of Interpersonal Sensitivity

WHAT IS INTERPERSONAL SENSITIVITY? WHAT TARGET STIMULUS INFORMATION IS REQUIRED FOR INTERPERSONAL SENSITIVITY? WHAT CONTEXTUAL FACTORS INFLUENCE INTERPERSONAL SENSITIVITY? WHAT BEHAVIORAL MECHANISMS ARE REQUIRED FOR INTERPERSONAL SENSITIVITY? WHAT COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE MECHANISMS ARE REQUIRED FOR INTERPERSONAL SENSITIVITY? HOW DOES INTERPERSONAL SENSITIVITY DEVELOP? WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCES OF INTERPERSONAL SENSITIVITY? WHAT ARE THE INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN INTERPERSONAL SENSITIVITY?

Generating Predictions Creating an Assessment Tool Some Caveats

CONCLUSIONS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS REFERENCES Footnotes

18 Paradoxes of Nonverbal Detection, Expression, and Responding: Points to PONDER

PERSONALITY AND CHARISMA HEALTH RELATIONSHIPS DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION REFERENCES

Author Index Subject Index

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