A Companion to Greek Mythology by Dowden, Ken, Livingstone, Niall -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Series page Title page Copyright page Illustrations Maps Tables Notes on Contributors To the Reader Acknowledgements Glossary Abbreviations APPROACHING MYTH

CHAPTER ONE: Thinking through Myth, Thinking Myth Through

Mythology as System Mythology as History Local Mythology, National Mythology, Inherited Mythology Borrowed Mythology The Implementation of Mythology The Problem of Rome Religious Change Myth and the Moderns Omissions and Controversies

PART I ESTABLISHING THE CANON

CHAPTER TWO: Homer’s Use of Myth

Epic and Mythology Cosmogony and Beginnings Preliminaries to the Trojan War The Trojan War Itself Other Myths Uses of Myth in Homer The Complexity of Myth

CHAPTER THREE: Telling the Mythology: From Hesiod to the Fifth Century

Introduction: Mythology and Mythography Hesiod and ‘Hesiod’ (seventh–sixth centuries BC) Other Poets of the Seventh–Sixth Centuries BC The Prose Tradition, Fifth Century BC Conclusion: Apollodoros, The Library

CHAPTER FOUR: Orphic Mythology

What Orphic Mythology? The ‘Author’ and His (Strange) Work The Myths of Orpheus Cosmogony The Poetry of Ritual The Life of Orpheus Conclusion

PART II MYTH PERFORMED, MYTH BELIEVED

CHAPTER FIVE: Singing Myth: Pindar

Myth in Choral Song Functions of Myth in Choral Song Innovation Conclusion

CHAPTER SIX: Instructing Myth: From Homer to the Sophists

Instructive Functions of Myth Mythic Paradeigmata in Homeric Epic Hesiod Philosophical Critique and Adaptation of Myth Myth and Praise: Pindar and Isocrates Myth in Teaching: Mythological Epideictic Conclusion

CHAPTER SEVEN: Acting Myth: Athenian Drama

Introduction: Myth and Theatre The Choice of Subjects Dramatic Motifs Key Topics and Issues Variation, Invention, Parody Myth in the Theatre: A Prism and Not a Mirror Conclusion

CHAPTER EIGHT: Displaying Myth: The Visual Arts

Identifying Myth Myths in Architectural Sculpture Statues of the God within the Temple Literary Accounts of Mythical Representations Now Lost The Evidence from Vase Painting Myths in Other Materials Myths in Greek Art APPENDIX: HOW TO IDENTIFY MYTHS DEPICTED IN IMAGES

CHAPTER NINE: Platonic ‘Myths’

Mythos and Mousikē in the Republic Characteristics of Platonic Myth Frames and Sources of Myths Truth, Falsehood, and the Limits of Human Knowledge Functions of Platonic Myth Myth and Philosophy Myth in the Timaios Theological Myth Conclusion

CHAPTER TEN: Myth in History

Myth or History? Categories Ancient and Modern Myth as Foundation and Background to the Perception of History Myth as Stand-in for History Conclusion: Myth as Conscious and Unconscious Shaper of Narrative

Part III NEW TRADITIONS

CHAPTER ELEVEN: Myth and Hellenic Identities

The Local Character of Myth The Mythology of Elis According to Pausanias Panhellenic Genealogies Local Genealogies in the Greek East Conclusions

CHAPTER TWELVE: Names and Places: Myth in Alexandria

Transcendence versus difference Alexander’s Mythic Exploits The Case of Kyrene and Other Mythic ‘Causes’ Kings of Egypt, Sons of Zeus

CHAPTER THIRTEEN: The Myth of Rome

‘Does a Cave Prove Romulus and Remus are no Myth?’ Differences between Roman and Greek Myth Naïve or Sentimental? Poetic or Prosaic? Numa’s Books Roman Myth and Roman Religion Empire, Mythology, and Poetics Synchronic v. Diachronic: Roman Myth and the Discipline of History

CHAPTER FOURTEEN: Displaying Myth for Roman Eyes

Greek Myth in a Roman World Myths in the Public Sphere: Temples and Baths Fantasy and Paideia: Myths in Villas and Gardens Programmatic Viewing in Domestic Wall-Painting Displaying Myths in the Roman Empire Conclusions

CHAPTER FIFTEEN: The Myth that Saves: Mysteries and Mysteriosophies

The Homeric Hymn to Demeter and the Eleusinian Mysteries Visiting the Underworld Resurrections: Dionysos and the Titans Retreading Old Mythology: Odysseus and Salvation New Mythologies: Gnostics and Others Isis and Osiris Cybele and Attis Mithras Horizons of Another World

CHAPTER SIXTEEN: Myth and Death: Roman Mythological Sarcophagi

Myth and the Sarcophagus: The Question of Interpretation The Earliest Myths on Sarcophagi: Garland Sarcophagi Mythological Frieze Sarcophagi Mythological Frieze Sarcophagi Third-Century Trends: Consolation or Salvation? Conclusions

CHAPTER SEVENTEEN: Myth in Christian Authors

Introduction The Apologists’ Use of Mythology Myth and the Rejection of Greek and Roman Religion The Persistence of Mythology Education and the Survival of Myth Conclusions

Part IV OLDER TRADITIONS

CHAPTER EIGHTEEN: The Indo-European Background to Greek Mythology

An Indo-European Mythology? Three Approaches to the IE Heritage Case Studies Conclusion

CHAPTER NINTEEN: Near Eastern Mythologies

Mesopotamia Anatolia Ugarit Theories Relating to Mesopotamian Mythology

CHAPTER TWENTY: Levantine, Egyptian, and Greek Mythological Conceptions of the Beyond

Introduction: A Common Market in Beyonds The Infrastructure for a Common Beyond The Beyond in the Levant The Beyond in the Odyssey and Egypt

Part V INTERPRETATION

CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE: Interpreting Images: Mysteries, Mistakes, and Misunderstandings

A Missing Myth? A Mistaken Inscription? A Muddled Guidebook? A Misidentified Myth? A Misidentified Figure? A Real Girl in a Mythical Context? Conclusion

CHAPTER TWENTY-TWO: The Myth of History: The Case of Troy

The War at Troy The Homeric Epics and the Epic Cycle The Antiquity of the Hexameter The Shaping of the Story Core Personnel The Character of Achilles An Historical Core? When and Where? … and which Troy? The Ethos of the Iliad

CHAPTER TWENTY-THREE: Women and Myth

The Case of Danaos’ Daughters Gender and Myth in Modern Scholarship Women in Myth as ‘Role Models’ The Case of Pandora The Pliability of Myth: The Danaids Again Myth in Visual Art Female Deities on Attic Pots Mothers and Sons: Mythic Perspectives More than Marriage? Mothers and Sons: Social Perspectives Pursued – and Pursuing The Danaids (Again) and Other Sisters Myth in Gender Studies, Gender in Myth Studies The Myth of Mythic Norms

CHAPTER TWENTY-FOUR: Mythology of the Black Land: Greek Myths and Egyptian Origins

Egypt in Greek Myth Greek Myth and Egyptian Myth Egyptian Tales in Greece Interpretations

CHAPTER TWENTY-FIVE: Psychoanalysis: The Wellspring of Myth?

Myth and the Beginnings of Psychoanalysis Why Apply Psychoanalysis to Myth? Case Study: Freud’s Oedipal Insights Analysing Myth, Analysing Patients: Controlling Interpretation Freud’s Heirs and Critics Conclusions

CHAPTER TWENTY-SIX: Initiation: The Key to Myth?

Rites of Passage Iphigeneia and Girls as Animals The Destiny of the Warrior The Theory in a Nutshell Qualifying the Conclusions Conclusions

CHAPTER TWENTY-SEVEN: The Semiotics and Pragmatics of Myth

Greek Myth and the Logic of Narrative Pragmatics: Performed Narratives Myth between Fiction and Performance

Part VI CONSPECTUS

CHAPTER TWENTY-EIGHT: A Brief History of the Study of Greek Mythology

The History of Mythology Antiquity The Middle Ages The Renaissance and the Early Modern Period The Enlightenment Nineteenth-Century German Scholarship Myth and the British Contemporary Approaches to Myth

Bibliography Index of Texts Discussed Index of Names Index of Subjects

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