Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry by Stern, Theodore A. -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Title page Table of Contents Copyright Preface List of Contributors Dedication Part I Approach to the Patient

1 The Doctor–Patient Relationship

Overview The Optimal Healing Environment: Patient-Centered Care Collaborating Around History-Taking Planning the Path Forward: Creating a Clinical Formulation Treatment Planning Obstacles and Difficulties in the Doctor–Patient Relationship References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

2 The Psychiatric Interview

Overview Lessons From Attachment Theory, Narrative Medicine, and Mindful Practice The Context of the Interview: Factors Influencing the Form and Content of the Interview Establishing an Alliance and Fostering Effective Communication Building the Relationship and Therapeutic Alliance Data Collection: Behavioral Observation, the Medical and Psychiatric History, and the Mental Status Examination Sharing Information and Preparing the Patient for Treatment The Evaluation of Children and Adolescents Difficulties and Errors in the Psychiatric Interview References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

3 Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic Procedures

Overview A General Approach to Choosing Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic Studies Routine Screening Psychosis and Delirium Anxiety Disorders Mood Disorders Metabolic and Nutritional Neuroendocrine Disorders Immune Disorders Infectious Diseases Degenerative Disorders Substance Use Disorders Toxins Eating Disorders Drug Monitoring Electroencephalogram Neuroimaging Structural Neuroimaging Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

4 Treatment Adherence

Overview Epidemiology of Adherence Clinical and Economic Impact of Non-Adherence Risk Factors for Non-Adherence Assessing Adherence Integrating Adherence Into the Treatment Course Problem-Solving Barriers to Adherence Future Directions Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

Part II Human Development

5 Child, Adolescent, and Adult Development

Overview Major Theories of Development Brain Development References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

Part III Psychological and Neuropsychological Testing

6 Diagnostic Rating Scales and Psychiatric Instruments

Overview General Considerations in the Selection of Diagnostic Rating Scales General Diagnostic Instruments Scales for Mood Disorders Scales for Psychotic Disorders Scales for Anxiety Disorders Scales for Substance Abuse Disorders Scales for Cognitive Disorders Conclusion Key References Suggested Reading Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

7 Understanding and Applying Psychological Assessment

Overview Psychometrics: the Science of Test Development Major Categories of Psychological Tests The Assessment Consultation Process and Report References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

8 Neuropsychological Assessment

Introduction Dimensions of Behavior Assessed BRIEF Neuropsychological Screening Measures Conclusion Acknowledgments References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

Part IV The Psychotherapies

9 Coping with Medical Illness and Psychotherapy of the Medically Ill

Background History Clinical and Research Challenges Practical Pointers References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

10 An Overview of the Psychotherapies

Background Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Supportive Psychotherapy Brief Psychotherapy Psychiatric Medication with Psychotherapy Interpersonal Psychotherapy Dialectical Behavior Therapy Group Therapy Couples Therapy Integrative Psychotherapy Innovative Directions of Psychotherapy Research Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy Manual-Driven Therapies and Behavioral Therapies Systems-Based Care Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

11 Brief Psychotherapy: An Overview

Overview History of Brief Psychotherapy Modern Brief Psychotherapies The Essential Features of Brief Therapy Key References Suggested Reading Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

12 Couples Therapy

Overview Seminal Ideas in Couples Therapy Identification of Dysfunctional Relational Patterns Mate Choice and the Contribution of One's Family of Origin Communication Intimacy and Control Life Cycle Context and Transition Points Conducting a Couples Therapy Evaluation Couples Therapy Techniques Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

13 Family Therapy

Overview Psychodynamic Family Therapy Experiential Family Therapy Structural Family Therapy Strategic Family Therapy Systemic Family Therapy Narrative Family Therapy Behavioral Family Therapy Psychoeducational Family Therapy The Maudsley Model: an Example of Theory Integration Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

14 Group Psychotherapy

Overview Creating a Group Clinical Vignette Who Should be Treated in Group Therapy? Combined Therapies Legal and Ethical Considerations in Group Therapy Research, Outcome, and Evaluation Consultation and Supervision for Group Therapy Key References Suggested Reading Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

15 Hypnosis

Overview Historical Background Current Research and Theory Evidence for the Efficacy of Hypnosis Clinical Indications for Hypnosis Contraindications for Using Hypnosis Potential Complications of Hypnosis Hypnosis and Performance Enhancement Training in Hypnotherapy Conclusion Current Controversies and Future Considerations References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

16 Cognitive-behavioral Therapy, Behavioral Therapy, and Cognitive Therapy

Overview Behavioral Therapy, Cognitive Therapy, and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Putting Behavioral Therapy and Cognitive Therapy Together The Efficacy of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Combining Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy with Medication Recent Developments and Future Directions Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

Part V Psychiatric Diagnoses and Conditions

17 The DSM-5: A System for Psychiatric Diagnosis

DSM-5 in Context: an Evolving Diagnostic System Critiques and Limitations of DSM-5 Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

Part VI Disorders of Cognition

18 Delirium

Overview Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis Examination of the Patient Specific Management Strategies for Delirium Drug Treatment Delirium in Specific Diseases Conclusions References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

19 Dementia

Overview Epidemiology of Dementia The Role of Age of Onset Evaluation of the Patient with Suspected Dementia Alzheimer's Disease Dementia with Lewy Bodies Frontotemporal Dementias Vascular Dementia Corticobasal Degeneration Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease Conclusions References Suggested Reading Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

20 Intellectual Disability

Overview Epidemiology Co-Morbid Psychopathology Clinical Features and Diagnosis Treatment Considerations Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

Part VII Mental Disorders Due to Another Medical Condition

21 Mental Disorders Due to Another Medical Condition

Overview Disorders Psychiatric Differential Diagnosis Evaluation Treatment Considerations/Strategies Conclusions References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

Part VIII Sleep Disorders

22 Sleep Disorders

Overview The History of Sleep Related to Psychiatry Sleep Physiology Examination of Sleep and Sleep-Related Complaints Classification of Sleep Disorders Insomnia Potential Adverse Effects of Hypnotics Hypersomnia and Excessive Sleepiness Narcolepsy Treatment Breathing-Related Sleep Disorders: Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Central Sleep Apnea, and Sleep-Related Hypoventilation Circadian Rhythm Sleep–Wake Disorders Parasomnias NREM Sleep Arousal Disorder References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

Part IX Psychiatric Disorders

23 Impulse-Control Disorders

Overview Intermittent Explosive Disorder Kleptomania Pyromania Gambling Disorder Trichotillomania Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

24 Somatic Symptom Disorders

Overview Treatment Conclusions References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

25 Factitious Disorders and Malingering

Overview Factitious Disorders Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another Malingering Conclusion References Suggested Reading Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

26 Alcohol-Related Disorders

Overview Description and Definition Alcohol-Induced Disorders Alcohol Use Disorders Etiology AND Epidemiology Alcohol Use Disorders and Co-occurring Psychiatric Illness Pathophysiology and Imaging Screening and Assessment Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorders Conclusions References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

27 Drug Addiction

Overview The Neurobiology of Addiction Cocaine Amphetamines Club Drugs Opioids Benzodiazepines Sedative-Hypnotics Mixed-Drug Addiction References Suggested Reading Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

28 Psychosis and Schizophrenia

Overview Epidemiology and Risk Factors Pathophysiology Clinical Features and Diagnosis Evaluation Differential Diagnosis of Psychosis Rehabilitation and Long-Term Management Prognosis Current Controversies and Future Considerations References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

29 Mood Disorders: Depressive Disorders (Major Depressive Disorder)

Introduction Major Depressive Disorder Subtypes of Major Depressive Disorder Evaluation of the Patient with Potential Major Depressive Disorder Other Depressive Disorders Epidemiology of Major Depressive Disorder Morbidity, Disability, and Mortality Rates in Depression Impact of Depression on Medical Co-Morbidity Impact of Non-Psychiatric Medical Illnesses on Major Depressive Disorder Depression and Primary Care Risk Factors of Depression in Primary Care Associated Features of Depression in Primary Care Indication for Referral to Psychiatrists Conclusions References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

30 Bipolar Disorder

Overview Epidemiology and Risk Factors Historical Context Clinical Features and Phenomenology Associated Illness Features Features of Longitudinal Course Neurobiology and Pathophysiology Evaluation, Tests, and Laboratory Work-Up Consequences of Misdiagnosis Role of Diagnostic Testing (Including Neuroimaging and Other Biomarkers) Tools for Screening, Diagnosis, and Symptom Monitoring Treatment Special Considerations in Treatment Prognosis Medical Co-Morbidity among Bipolar Patients Controversies References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

31 Psychiatric Illness during Pregnancy and the Post-partum Period

Overview Diagnosis and Treatment of Mood Disorder during Pregnancy Pharmacological Treatment of Depression during Pregnancy: Clinical Guidelines Bipolar Disorder during Pregnancy Psychotic Disorders during Pregnancy Anxiety Disorders during Pregnancy Electroconvulsive Therapy during Pregnancy Post-Partum Mood and Anxiety Disorders: Diagnosis and Treatment Breastfeeding and Psychotropic Drug Use Perinatal Psychiatry: From Screening to Treatment References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

32 Anxiety Disorders

Overview Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia Social Anxiety Disorder Generalized Anxiety Disorder Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

33 Obsessive-compulsive Disorder and Obsessive-compulsive and Related Disorders

Overview Clinical Features and Diagnosis Epidemiology and Risk Factors Pathophysiology Evaluation, Tests, and Laboratory Findings Treatment Prognosis Current Controversies, Unanswered Questions, and Future Challenges Clinician and Patient Resources References Suggested Reading Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

34 Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Overview Diagnosis Epidemiology Prognosis Pathogenesis Treatment Current Controversies and Future Directions References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

35 Dissociative Disorders

Overview Causes of Dissociation The Epidemiology of Dissociation Different Dissociative Disorders Factitious Disorders or Malingering of Dissociative Presentations Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

36 Sexual Disorders and Sexual Dysfunction

Overview Epidemiology and Risk Factors Pathophysiology Clinical Features and Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis of Sexual Disorders Treatment Future Outlook Suggested Reading Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

37 Eating Disorders: Evaluation and Management

Overview Classification Epidemiology Course, Co-Morbidity, and Mortality Rate Etiological Factors Diagnostic Features Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis Medical Complications Medical Assessment Laboratory Findings Treatment Pharmacological Treatment Conclusions Current Controversies and Future Considerations References Suggested Reading Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

38 Grief, Bereavement, and Adjustment Disorders

Grief and Bereavement Adjustment Disorders References Suggested Readings Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

39 Personality and Personality Disorders

Overview Personality Theory The Origins of Personality Adult Personality Traits DSM-5 Personality Disorders DSM-5 Personality Disorders Diagnosing Personality Disorders Treatment of Personality Disorders References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

Part X Treatment Approaches

40 Psychiatric Neuroscience: Incorporating Pathophysiology into Clinical Case Formulation

Overview History of Psychiatric Neuroscience Psychiatric Diagnosis: Biomarkers and Biological Validity Methods in Psychiatric Neuroscience Biological Case Formulation: Neuroscientific Content and Process Overview of the Structure of the Central Nervous System Cellular Diversity in the Brain: Neurons and Glia The Structure of the Synapse A Review of Clinically Relevant Neurotransmitter Systems Genes, Environment, and Epigenetics Conclusion Acknowledgments References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

41 The Pharmacotherapy of Anxiety Disorders

Overview Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia Generalized Anxiety Disorder Social Anxiety Disorder Conclusions and Future Directions References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

42 Antipsychotic Drugs

Introduction History Currently Available Antipsychotic Agents General Clinical Considerations Drug Selection First-Generation (“Typical”) Antipsychotics Extrapyramidal Symptoms and Tardive Dyskinesia Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome Second-Generation (“Atypical”) Antipsychotics Drug Interactions with Antipsychotic Agents Ongoing Challenges References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

43 Antidepressants

Overview Mechanism of Action Clinical Uses of Antidepressants Choice of an Antidepressant References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

44 Pharmacological Approaches to Treatment-Resistant Depression

Overview Definition of Treatment-Resistant Depression Staging Models of Treatment-Resistant Depression Clinical Features Associated with Treatment-Resistant Depression Clinical Approach to Treatment-Resistant Depression Common Treatment Strategies for Treatment-Resistant Depression Research Challenges Conclusions References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

45 Electroconvulsive Therapy

Overview Indications for Electroconvulsive Therapy Risk Factors Associated with Electroconvulsive Therapy Technique for Conducting Electroconvulsive Therapy Adverse Effects of Electroconvulsive Therapy Maintenance Electroconvulsive Therapy Treatment Electroconvulsive Therapy in Children Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

46 Neurotherapeutics

Overview Ablative Limbic System Surgery Deep Brain Stimulation Vagus Nerve Stimulation Electroconvulsive Therapy Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

47 Lithium and Its Role in Psychiatry

Historical Context Lithium's Mechanism of Action Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Evidence for Lithium's Efficacy Principles of Lithium Treatment Current Controversies and Future Directions References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

48 The Use of Antiepileptic Drugs in Psychiatry

Overview: Historical Context Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Adverse Effects, and Monitoring Other Anticonvulsants Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

49 Pharmacotherapy of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder across the Life Span

Overview Stimulants Atomoxetine Suggested Management Strategies Across the Life span Safety of Medications Used to Treat Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Alternative (Not FDA-Approved) Treatments for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Novel Treatments for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Pharmacotherapy of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Common Co-Morbid Psychiatric Disorders Managing Sub-Optimal Responses Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

50 Drug–Drug Interactions in Psychopharmacology

Overview Classification Pharmacokinetics Antipsychotics Mood Stabilizers Antidepressants Benzodiazepines Psychostimulants and Modafinil References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

51 Side Effects of Psychotropic Medications

Overview Antidepressants Mood Stabilizers Antipsychotics Antianxiety and Sleep Agents Other Agents Used in the Treatment of Psychiatric Conditions References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

52 Natural Medications in Psychiatry

Overview Efficacy and Safety Mood Disorders Anxiety and Insomnia Premenstrual and Menopausal Symptoms Cognition and Dementia Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

Part XI Special Topics in Psychiatry

53 The Suicidal Patient

Overview Epidemiology and Risk Factors Pathophysiology Clinical Features and Diagnosis Treatment of Suicide Risk Difficulties in the Assessment of Suicide Risk References Suggested Reading Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

Part XII Psychosomatic Medicine

54 Psychiatric Consultation to Medical and Surgical Patients

Overview Epidemiology and Differential Diagnosis Principles of Psychiatric Evaluation of Medical and Surgical Patients Treatment Special Situations Conclusions References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

55 Life-threatening Conditions in Psychiatry: Catatonia, Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, and Serotonin Syndrome

Overview Catatonia Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome Serotonin Syndrome References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

56 Psycho-oncology: Psychiatric Co-morbidities and Complications of Cancer and Cancer Treatment

The Role of Psychiatry in the Care of Cancer Patients Anxiety Syndromes Depression Fatigue Confusion and Cognitive Impairment References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

57 Psychiatric Aspects of HIV Infection and AIDS

Overview Epidemiology Basic Biology Classification and Diagnosis General Approach to Psychiatric Care Psychiatric Disorders Cognitive Disorders Neurological Disorders Treatment Special Clinical Problems Internet Resources References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

58 Organ Transplantation: Pre-transplant Assessment and Post-transplant Management

Overview Psychiatric Evaluation of the Transplant Patient Treatment of the Pre-Transplant Patient Care of the Post-Transplant Patient Pediatric Transplantation Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

59 Approaches to Collaborative Care and Primary Care Psychiatry

Overview Epidemiology The Goals of Collaboration Roles, Relationships, and Expectations Models of Collaboration Choosing the Right Model Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

60 Psychiatric and Ethical Aspects of Care at the End of Life

Overview Goals of Treatment The Role of the Psychiatrist Challenges for Care Providers Ethics and End-of-Life Care Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

Part XIII Psychiatric Epidemiology and Statistics

61 Psychiatric Epidemiology

Overview Epidemiological Measures of Disease Frequency Criteria for Assessment Instruments Development of Assessment Tools Contemporary Studies in Psychiatric Epidemiology Epidemiology of Major Psychiatric Disorders References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

62 Statistics in Psychiatric Research

Three Classes of Statistics in Psychiatric Research Statistical Terms and Their Definitions Current Controversies and Future Directions Suggested Reading Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

Part XIV Genetics and Psychiatry

63 Genetics and Psychiatry

Overview Genetics of Psychiatric Disorders Pharmacogenetics Psychiatric Aspects of Medical Genetic Disorders Selected Genetic Syndromes with Psychiatric and Behavioral Symptoms (Table 63-2) Selected Inborn Errors of Metabolism with Psychiatric and Behavioral Symptoms (see Table 63-3) Conclusion Clinical Applications of Psychiatric Genetics References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

Part XV Social and Community Psychiatry

64 Serious Mental Illness

Overview Definition and Scope of the Problem Complications of Serious Mental Illness Comprehensive Assessment Treatment and Recovery Goals Ongoing Challenges References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

65 Aggression and Violence

Overview Epidemiology and Risk Factors Pathophysiology Clinical Features and Diagnosis Assessment in the Acute Setting Management in the Acute Setting Strategies for Long-Term Management Current Controversies and Future Considerations References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

66 Culture and Psychiatry

Overview Cultural Assessment Impact of Ethnicity on Psychiatric Diagnosis Culture-Bound Syndromes (Cultural Concept of Distress) Working with Interpreters Ethnicity and Psychopharmacology Techniques to Minimize Cultural Clashes, Misdiagnosis, and Adverse Events References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

67 Community Psychiatry

Overview Terms and Definitions Historical Background Underlying Principles of Community Mental Health Components and Services of Community Mental Health Systems Trends Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

68 Managed Care and Psychiatry

Overview The History of Mental Health Care Finance in the United States The Rise of Private Health Insurance The Community Mental Health Center Movement and Deinstitutionalization The Rise of Public Health Insurance: Medicare and Medicaid Insuring Mental Health Care: Moral Hazard, Adverse Selection, and the Rise of Managed Behavioral Carve-Outs Managed Care and the Rise of “Carve-Out” Plans Recent Trends in Mental Health Care Financing Parity, Expansion of Coverage, and the Future of Mental Health Care in the United States Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

Part XVI Child Psychiatry

69 Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Disorders

Overview Developmental Variations in Psychopathology Childhood Anxiety Disorders Tic Disorders Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Oppositional Defiant Disorder Mood Disorders Autism Spectrum Disorder Psychotic Disorders References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

70 Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders in Transitioning Adolescents and Young Adults

Overview Salient Neurobiology of Transitioning Adolescents and Young Adults Epidemiology Substance Abuse in Transitioning Adolescents and Young Adults Conclusion Acknowledgments References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

Part XVII Geriatric Psychiatry

71 Geriatric Psychiatry

Overview Mental Health Disorders Common in Late Life Disasters Caregiver Stress and Burden Elder Abuse References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

Part XVIII Neuropsychiatry

72 Neuroanatomical Systems Relevant to Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Overview Prefrontal Cortex Basal Ganglia Medial Temporal Lobe: Amygdala and Hippocampus Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

73 The Neurological Examination

Overview The Examination Cranial Nerves Motor Examination Reflex Assessment References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

74 Neuropsychiatric Principles and Differential Diagnosis

General Principles of Neuropsychiatry Cognitive-Behavioral Neuroanatomy Neuropsychiatric Evaluation Neuropsychiatric Differential Diagnosis Clinical Symptoms and Signs Suggesting Neurological or General Medical Conditions Treatment Principles Conclusions References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

75 Neuroimaging in Psychiatry

Overview Structural Neuroimaging Modalities Functional Neuroimaging Modalities Use of Neuroimaging in Psychiatric Research Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

76 Clinical Neurophysiology and Electroencephalography

Overview The Normal Routine EEG EEG and Age EEG Abnormalities Clinical Utility of the EEG in Psychiatry Quantitative EEG Evoked Potentials Nerve Conduction Electromyography References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

77 Psychiatric Manifestations and Treatment of Seizure Disorders

Overview Epidemiology and Risk Factors Pathophysiology Classification of Seizures and Epilepsies Clinical Manifestation of Seizures Selected Epilepsies and Epileptic Syndromes Evaluation of a Patient with a Seizure Differential Diagnosis Treatment for Seizure Disorders Psychiatric Disturbances in Epilepsy Neuropsychological Disturbances in Epilepsy Supportive Care and Long-Term Management References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

78 Differential Diagnosis and Treatment of Headaches

Overview Epidemiology and Risk Factors Genetics Pathophysiology Differential Diagnosis Headache “Red Flags” Other Secondary Headaches Treatment Headache Syndromes: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Treatment Secondary Headaches Conclusion References Suggested Reading Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

79 Pathophysiology, Psychiatric Co-morbidity, and Treatment of Pain

Overview Epidemiology Pathophysiology of Pain Transmission Cortical Substrates for Pain and Affect Interactions between Pain and Psychopathology Pain Terminology Assessment of Pain Core Psychopathology and Pain-Related Psychological Symptoms Pain and Co-Morbid Psychiatric Conditions General Principals of Multimodal Analgesia Treatment of Pain Behavior and the Use of Multidisciplinary Pain Clinics Rehabilitation Conclusions References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

80 Psychiatric Aspects of Stroke Syndromes

Overview Epidemiology/Risk Factors Ischemic Stroke Hemorrhagic Stroke Neuropsychiatric Sequelae of Stroke Conclusion References Suggested Reading Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

81 Movement Disorders

Overview Pathophysiology Clinical Findings Movement Disorders with Psychiatric Symptoms Drug-Induced Movement Disorders Psychogenic Movement Disorders References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

82 Psychiatric Manifestations of Traumatic Brain Disorder

Overview Epidemiology and Risk Factors Pathophysiology Clinical Features Cognitive Impairment (Table 82-4) Personality and Behavioral Changes Psychiatric Disorders Diagnosis Evaluation Treatment Environmental Interventions Cognitive Rehabilitation Psychotherapy Conclusion References WebSites Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

Part XIX Law and Psychiatry

83 Intimate Partner Violence

Overview Epidemiology Risk Factors for Victims and Perpetrators Clinical Presentation of Victims Clinical Presentation of Perpetrators The Nature of Violent Relationships Evaluation Differential Diagnosis Treatment Considerations Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

84 Psychiatric Correlates and Consequences of Abuse and Neglect

Overview Types of Abuse and Neglect Child Abuse and Neglect Elder Abuse and Neglect References Suggested Reading Websites Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

85 Legal and Ethical Issues in Psychiatry I: Informed Consent, Competency, Treatment Refusal, and Civil Commitment

Overview An Introduction to Interactions with the Legal System Basic Concepts Informed Consent Treatment Refusal Consent to Participate in Research Civil Commitment Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

86 The Role of Psychiatrists in the Criminal Justice System

Overview Criminal Competencies Competency to Plead, Decline Counsel, and Represent Oneself Competency to be Executed Criminal Responsibility Lack of Criminal Responsibility Evaluations of Criminal Responsibility Demographics of the Insanity Defense Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

87 Legal and Ethical Issues in Psychiatry II: Malpractice and Boundary Violations

Overview The Medical Liability Climate Malpractice Liability Liability and Managed Care Selected Areas of Liability Risk in Psychiatry Boundary Violations Reducing Malpractice Risk Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

Part XX Care in Special Settings

88 Emergency Psychiatry

Overview Demographics Types of Delivery Models The Psychiatric Interview The Medical Evaluation The Safety Evaluation Psychiatric Symptoms and Presentations Management of Acute Symptoms Special Populations Emergency Assessment of Children Legal Responsibilities of the Emergency Psychiatrist Role of the Psychiatrist in Disaster Preparation References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

89 Rehabilitation Psychiatry

Overview Psychiatric Complications that Arise in the Context of Chronic Medical Illness and Rehabilitation Problems that May Occur During Rehabilitation The Rehabilitation Environment Common Psychiatric Problems in Patients Undergoing Rehabilitation and in Those with Chronic Medical Illnesses Some Disabling Neurological Conditions and Their Potential Impact on Psychiatric Diagnosis and Treatment Depression, Cardiovascular Disease and Cardiac Rehabilitation Diagnostic Dilemmas Issues in Patients Receiving Psychiatric Care Who are Also Likely Receiving Rehabilitative Services Making the Connection References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

90 Military Psychiatry

Overview Psychiatric Syndromes in the Immediate Aftermath of Military Operations and Terrorist Events Effects of Resuscitative Medications Confidence in a Potentially Toxic Environment Levels of Clinical Prevention and Intervention: Symptoms Versus Function Factors Related to Development of Psychiatric Disorders Among Service Members Exposed to Combat or Terrorist Attack Management and Care Delivery Military Psychiatric Care in Peacetime Ethical Challenges Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

91 Disaster Psychiatry

Overview History Clincal and Research Challenges Conclusion References Suggested Reading Websites Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

Part XXI Preparing for the Future

92 Coping with the Rigors of Psychiatric Practice

Overview Epidemiology Etiologies for Stress and Burnout Special Situations in Psychiatry When the Cobbler's Children Have No Shoes Healing the Wounded Healer Conclusion Acknowledgment References Suggested Reading Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

93 Psychiatry and the Media

Overview How the Mass Media Affect Public Understanding of Mental Illness How Mass Media Interventions Can Affect Stigma Effects of Mass Media on Suicide Effects of Media Content on Children's Behavior Media Literacy: Advising Parents on Media Use The Media as Part of the Psychiatric Interview The Use of Mass Media to Educate and Counteract Stigma References Multiple Choice Questions Multiple Choice Answers

94 Global Mental Health in the Twenty-first Century

Overview The Cost of Mental Illness The Prevalence of Mental Disorders Ethiopia and Mental Health in the Developing World: an Example of Global Mental Health Primary Care Mental Health Services in the Developing World The Ethiopian Public Health Training Initiative Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Psychiatry in Areas of Conflict Definitions of Torture Psychiatric Research in the Developing World World Health Organization Mental Health Global Action Program Conclusion References Multiple Choice Questions Select the appropriate answer.

Index

← Prev
Back
Next →

← Prev
Back
Next →