The Art of Seamanship · Evolving Skills, Exploring Oceans, and Handling Wind, Waves, and Weather by Naranjo, Ralph -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Title Page Copyright Page Dedication Contents Introduction Chapter 1 The Art of Seamanship

The Safety Triangle

Sidebar: Seamanship Characteristics The Risk of Human Error

Seamanship by the Boat

Sidebar: What Is Seamanship? by Sheila McCurdy A Fitting First or Last Boat Sea Legs in the Excalibur 26 Around the World in the Ericson 41 Wind Shadow A Custom Wooden Yawl A Dark Time for a Great Boat Passagemaking with Navigation Electronics

Lessons Learned on a Bermuda Return

Passagemaking on a Swan 48 MKII with Weather Data Sidebar: A First Ocean Passage

The Arc of Change: The Safety Triangle in the Era of Offshore Rallies

The Lure of the Rally Self-Reliance in the Blend of Old and New

Chapter 2 Planning is Seamanship

Are You Prepared?

Adventure or Ordeal?

Is the Boat Prepared?

Assessing the Boat Sidebar: Considerations When Matching Voyage and Vessel

Preparing the Crew

Sidebar: Boat Buying Rules of Thumb Sidebar: Outfitting Priorities for Passagemaking Sidebar: Possible Vessel and Crew Emergency Scenarios—Be Prepared

Preparing the Itinerary

Sidebar: Prevoyage Preparedness Building an Itinerary: A U.S. East Coast Example Sidebar: Turning a Plan into a Good Plan: Planning Resources Sidebar: Passages to Bermuda and Hawaii Sidebar: Sample Itinerary for a One-Year East Coast Adventure

Casting Off Wisely: Avoiding Harm’s Way

Chapter 3 Evolving as Skipper or Crew

Sidebar: Training Opportunities Attributes of a Good Crewmember

Mental Acuity Physical Agility Vessel-Handling Skills Ingenuity Forehandedness Sidebar: My Evolution as Crew, by Lenore Naranjo Going Along, Getting Along

Attributes of a Good Skipper

The Skipper as Comprehensivist Knowledge Is Safety The Skipper as Leader Communication Sidebar: Seasickness

What Cruisers Can Learn from Racers

Sidebar: Hands-on Safety Training Opportunities Offshore Race Training

Chapter 4 Boat Handling

Contingency Thinking

Equipment and Hardware Failures Expecting the Unexpected

The Elements of Boat-Handling Control: Sails, Engines, Ground Tackle Boat-Handling Factors

Rudder Response Boat Maneuverability Factors Turning Radius

Docking

The Effects of Turning Radius and Prop Walk on Docking Docking Aids Knowing Your Boat: Sensing Speed and Steering When Docking Docking Success Common Docking Challenges Sidebar: A Downcurrent Docking Story

Understanding Leeway and Current—Visualizing Relative Motion

Leeway Currents

Special Maneuvering Situations

A Downwind or Downcurrent Landing Mediterranean Mooring Lock Logistics

Getting Underway Developing Boat-Handling Routines

Acclimating to Motion Reducing Weight and Windage Performance Tweaks Reducing Drag

Boat Handling at Sea

Self-Steering Ability Making Landfall

Chapter 5 Lines, Line Handling, and Rigging

Line Selection

Rope Materials Rope Construction Testing Aging Nylon Lines Running Rigging Material Selection Rules of Thumb for Upgrading Rigging Lines

Line Handling

Evaluating the Forces Sidebar: Making Sure the Right Strings are Attached Line-Handling Tasks and Knots Sidebar: Relieving a Loaded Genoa Car

Modifying Running Rigging: Leads and Hardware

Checking Lead Angles on Fairleads and Blocks Rope Clutches Sidebar: The Pros and Cons of a Rope Clutch

Other Rigging Hardware

Snatch Blocks and Snapshackles Cleats and Chocks Sidebar: Coiling Lines

Knots to Know

Chapter 6 Anchors and Anchoring

Ground Tackle Sizing Anchor Types

The Kedge Sidebar: Hurricane Strategies: Not-So-Serene Irene Navy Anchor Light Anchors Plow or CQR Anchors Northill Anchor Claw, Scoop, and Spoon Anchors

Anchor Performance in Tests versus the Real World Anchor Rodes and Connecting Hardware

Anchor Well Anchor Line The All-Chain Rode Ground-Tackle Connections

Ground-Tackle Handling Gear

Windlass Bow Roller Deck Washdown Pump

Anchoring Tactics

Choosing an Anchorage Setting the Hook Doubling Up Anchors (or Doubling Down?) Maintain an Anchor Watch Sidebar: The Anchor Won’t Hold—Deploying a Kellet Sidebar: Retrieving a Stuck Anchor

Weighing Anchor

Chapter 7 Sails and Sail Handling

Sailing Science

Lift from Sails Lift from Keel and Rudder Sail Shape

Modern Sail Cloth Technology

Sidebar: Sail Material Choices How About Dacron?

Masthead versus Fractional Rigs

Sidebar: Sail Repair

Shaping Sails Underway

Mainsail Controls Dual Sail Trim—Main and Headsail Telltales All Streaming Sidebar: Taking Care of Your Vang Summary of Sail Shaping

Dousing and Reefing the Mainsail

Lazyjacks Sail Cover/Lazyjack Combinations The Dutchman System Dousing Systems—Sail Cover, Reefing, and Storm Trysail Implications Roller-Furling Mainsails Sidebar: Furling Mishaps and Power Winches Mainsail Reefing

Setting, Dousing, and Reefing Headsails

Choices in Roller-Furling Units for Headsails Light-Air and Heavy-Air Headsail Options

Chapter 8 Navigation

Sidebar: Eleven Keys to Navigation A Navigator’s Day’s Work at Sea

A Day’s Work Then A Day’s Work Now

Electronic Navigation

Sidebar: Overzooming Networked Navigation Systems Marine Radar Sidebar: Radar—A Brief Background Automatic Identification Systems (AIS)

Piloting with Paper Charts and Ship’s Compass

A Few Chart Basics (Paper or Digital) Sidebar: Earth’s Rotation and Time Zones Chart Plotting on a Paper Chart Knowing Your Aids to Navigation Lights and Lighthouses Sidebar: Spotting Buoys Piloting Skills—Compass Headings Sidebar: Swinging a Compass Piloting Skills—Dead Reckoning Piloting Skills—Taking Bearings Piloting Skills—Running Fix Additional Piloting Inputs Sidebar: Navigation Publications

Celestial Navigation

The Sextant Using a Sextant The Time of the Observation Working the Sight Sidebar: Celestial Navigation Step-by-Step

Prudent Seamanship—Weaving the Old and the New Navigation

Chapter 9 Sharing Crowded Waters

The Navigation Rules: An Overview A Tour of the Rules

Part A: General Rules Part B: Steering and Sailing Rules Part C: Lights and Shapes Part D: Sound and Light Signals Part E, Rule 38: Exemptions Annexes and Notes Carrying the Navigation Rules Regulations Unique to the U.S. Inland Rules

Making Landfall

Chapter 10 Reading the Sea and Sky

Developing Weather Awareness Really Understanding the Causes of Weather

Surface Weather Systems Global Circulation Patterns Frontal Boundaries and Low-Pressure Systems Pressure Gradients and Surface Winds Thunderstorms and Squalls Sidebar: Wind and Sea State Sidebar: Lightning Strikes and Grounding Your Vessel Sidebar: Watches and Warnings Sidebar: The Capsize of WingNuts Fog Upper Atmosphere Troughs and Ridges Sidebar: Unlocking the Mystery of the 500 mb Chart Tropical Weather Patterns Sidebar: Tropical Storm and Hurricane Development

Hurricane/Tropical Storm Seamanship

Sidebar: La Niña and El Niño Sidebar: Voyage Planning Based on Climate and Weather Cycles

Weather Predictions

Government Forecasts Sidebar: Online Sources of Weather Information (North America) GRIB Weather Data and Files Sidebar: Weather Advice in the Caribbean 1500 Rally Private Weather Services

Putting It All Together: Interpreting Your Weather and Gauging Other Factors Influencing Weather and Sea State

Clouds and Other Weather Signs Sidebar: Early Indications of Weather Changes (Northern Hemisphere) Local Oceanographic Impacts on Wind and Sea Sidebar: Ship Killer Waves Global Weather Sidebar: Weather Case Study: The Flying Colours Incident

Interpreting Forecast Data

Sidebar: The Danger of Cutoff Lows Getting and Using Forecast Data What to Do with Your Forecasts

Chapter 11 Handling Heavy Weather

The Heavy-Weather Threshold

Pressing On or Turning Back

Coastal Waters and Seeking Shelter

Sidebar: Rallies Heading Offshore—Who’s in Charge? You Are Sea Room

Preparing for Heavy Weather at Sea

Sidebar: Heavy Weather at Anchor Boat Preparations Downflooding Prevention Sidebar: Managing Heavy Weather Anxiety—Or Its Absence Crew Preparation Sidebar: Motoring Through Heavy Weather

Storm Sails

Sidebar: Boat Design and Storm Tactics

Storm Tactics

Sidebar: At the Helm in Heavy Weather at Night Heaving-To and Forereaching Running Before the Storm Towing a Drogue Sidebar: Towing Warps and Improvised Drogues Sea Anchors Sidebar: Maneuvering a Sea Anchor Lying Ahull

Staying One Step Ahead

Chapter 12 The Boats We Sail

Stability

Sidebar: Stiff or Tender? Sidebar: Sail Area/Displacement Ratios Sidebar: Ballast Ratio Sidebar: Design Changes that Modify Stability Sidebar: Stability Terms Conditions for Capsize Sidebar: More Knockdowns? Vertical Center of Gravity Sidebar: Experts Sound Out on Stability Sidebar: Stability Measurement Systems ISO Classifications and the Relationship to Stability Measures

Strength of the Hull, Keel, Rig, and Cabin/Decks

Keel Deck and Cabin Vulnerabilities Rig Loads Sidebar: ISAF Comments Relating to Keel Loss Sidebar: American Bureau of Shipping on Yacht Hull Strength Rudder

So What Kind of Boat Do You Want? Coastal Cruisers

Pearson 32 Sidebar: The Multihull Alternative Sidebar: Motorsailers

Ocean-Capable Cruisers

Classic Cruisers Modern Cruisers The J/46 versus the Island Packet 465

Purpose-Built Sailboats

Navy 44 MKII: Strength and Stability The Coast Guard’s Leadership 44 Farr 400

The Boats We Sail

Chapter 13 Staying Safe and Coping with the Unexpected

The Role of Seamanship Preparing Your Boat for Sea Boat-Related Emergencies

Dismasting and Jury Rigging Sidebar: Responding to a Steering Failure, by Chuck Hawley Sidebar: “We’re Sinking”—Lessons Learned Downflooding and Pumping Capacity Sidebar: Medical Emergencies Sidebar: Hull Puncture Damage Control Kit Fire Sidebar: Lending Assistance

Mandatory Safety Gear

Sidebar: Life Jacket Logic Personal Flotation Devices Sidebar: PFDs and Life Jackets, by Captain Kip Louttit, USCG Retired and Auxiliary Sidebar: Inflatable PFD Standards, by Marty Jackson Sidebar: The WingNuts Tragedy Revisited

Dressing for Safety

Survival Suits

Emergency Gear for Crew-Overboard Situations

Crew-Overboard Recovery Devices Sidebar: Unconscious Overboard Sidebar: Crew Overboard or Man Overboard? Sidebar: Rescue Procedure Controversies Emergency Beacons and the Cospas/Sarsat Rescue Network

Crew-Overboard Recovery Methods

Testing COB Methods Crew Overboard: Phase One Crew Overboard: Phase Two Crew Overboard, Phase Three: Rescue Options Sidebar: A Quick-Stop Recovery Gone Wrong Sidebar: Singlehanded and Doublehanded COB Methods Sidebar: Corinthians’ and Midshipmen’s Responses to Crew Overboard Other Recovery Maneuvers: Figure Eight, Fast Return, and Deep-Reach Return Summary of Crew Overboard Options

Abandoning Ship

Sidebar: Step-by-Step Guide to Abandoning Ship

Choosing a Life Raft

Life Raft Standards Life Raft Weight and Stowage

Safety and Security in the Age of Modern Pirates Three Simple Mistakes to Avoid to Stay Out of Trouble

Chapter 14 Communications

Ocean Zones and Communications Equipment

Coastal (A1) Communications: VHF Sidebar: VHF Antenna Installation Sidebar: Using Your VHF Effectively Sidebar: Emergency Communication Sidebar: Rescue 21 Sidebar: A Note from BoatU.S. on MMSI Numbers Offshore (A2, A3, and A4) Communications Sidebar: Using SSB for Weather Information Sidebar: VHF versus SSB

Wi-Fi and the Networked Boat

Sidebar: NAVTEX

Automatic Identification System (AIS) Summary of Communication Choices Self-Reliance in the Wired World

A Sailor’s Library Glossary Acknowledgments Index

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