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Index
Cover
Contents
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright
Preface
1: About this Book
1.1 Phonetics in a Nutshell
1.2 The Structure of this Book
1.3 Terminology
1.4 Demonstrations and Exercises
2: Articulatory Phonetics
2.1 Phonation at the Larynx
2.2 Basic Articulatory Terms
2.3 The Articulation of Consonants
2.4 The Articulation of Vowels
3: Phonetic Transcription
3.1 Consonants
3.2 Vowels
3.3 Diacritics and Other Symbols
3.4 Transcription of General American English
4: Place and Manner of Articulation of Consonants and Vowels
4.1 Consonants
4.2 Additional Manners of Articulation
4.3 Vowels
4.4 Secondary Articulations
5: Physiology of the Vocal Apparatus
5.1 The Subglottal System: Lungs, Bronchi, and Trachea
5.2 Structure and Function of the Larynx
5.3 Vocal Tract
6: Airstream Mechanisms and Phonation Types
6.1 Airstream Mechanisms
6.2 Phonation Types
6.3 Voicing, Voicelessness, and Aspiration in Plosives
6.4 Common and Rare Sounds
7: Basic Acoustics
7.1 Sound Waves
7.2 Measuring Sound Waves
7.3 Acoustic Dimensions and their Units of Measurement
8: Analysis Methods for Speech Sounds
8.1 Digitizing Acoustic Signals
8.2 Types of Acoustic Signals
8.3 Analyzing Acoustic Signals
9: The Source-Filter Theory of Speech Production
9.1 Resonance
9.2 Damping
9.3 Filters
9.4 Source and Filter of the Vocal Apparatus
9.5 Formants
10: Acoustic Characteristics of Speech Sounds
10.1 Vowels
10.2 Consonants
10.3 Summary
10.4 Variability and Invariance
11: Syllables and Suprasegmentals
11.1 Syllables
11.2 Stress
11.3 Length
11.4 Tone and Intonation
12: Physiology and Psychophysics of Hearing
12.1 The External Ear
12.2 The Middle Ear
12.3 The Internal Ear
12.4 The Structure of the Basilar Membrane
12.5 Auditory Frequency Scales
12.6 Auditory Loudness Scales
12.7 Auditory Time Scales
13: Speech Perception
13.1 Vowels
13.2 Consonants
13.3 Contributions of the Motor Theory of Speech Perception
13.4 The Role of Linguistic Experience in Speech Perception
13.5 Summary
Appendix A
A.1 Mass, Force, and Pressure
A.2 Energy, Power, and Intensity
A.3 The Decibel (dB)
Appendix B
B.1 Physical Terminology
B.2 Mathematical Notations
Appendix C
C.1 Formant Frequency Values
C.2 Fundamental Frequency Values
References
Index
THE INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC ALPHABET
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