Solid Waste Analysis & Minimization by Franchetti, Matthew J. -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Page Solid Waste Analysis and Minimization Copyright Page Dedication About the Author CONTENTS PREFACE Part 1 WHY SOLID WASTE REDUCTION?

1 DEFINITION OF SOLID WASTE ANALYSIS AND MINIMIZATION

1.1 Introduction 1.2 Definitions 1.3 The Hierarchy of Solid Waste Management 1.4 The Three Rs and the Two Es 1.5 The Systems Approach for Waste Minimization 1.6 Summary

2 BACKGROUND AND FUNDAMENTALS OF SOLID WASTE ANALYSIS AND MINIMIZATION

2.1 Introduction 2.2 A Brief History of Solid Waste Management 2.3 Environmental Laws and Regulations 2.4 Solid Waste Generation around the World 2.5 An Overview of Environmental Concerns 2.6 Industrial Ecology and Solid Waste Exchanges 2.7 Life Cycle Assessment 2.8 Fundamentals of Recycling Processes 2.9 Common Problems and the Human Factors of Recycling Systems 2.10 Related Research 2.11 Summary

3 BENEFITS OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT AND MINIMIZATION

3.1 Introduction 3.2 Environmental Benefits 3.3 Economic Benefits 3.4 Corporate Image Benefits 3.5 Personal and Social Benefits 3.6 Summary

Part 2 SOLID WASTE ASSESSMENT STRATEGIES

4 DEPLOYMENT ALTERNATIVES

4.1 The Deployment of Solid Waste Minimization 4.2 Choosing a Waste Minimization Provider or Partner 4.3 Essential Elements of the Deployment Plan 4.4 Summary

5 CREATING A SUCCESSFUL SOLID WASTE MINIMIZATION LAUNCH

5.1 Introduction 5.2 Executive Leadership 5.3 Strategic Goals 5.4 Resources 5.5 Metrics 5.6 Culture 5.7 Communications 5.8 Lessons Learned 5.9 Summary

6 THE SIX SIGMA SYSTEMS APPROACH FOR DEPLOYMENT

6.1 Introduction 6.2 Define 6.3 Measure 6.4 Analyze 6.5 Improve 6.6 Control 6.7 Summary

7 METRICS AND PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

7.1 Introduction 7.2 Solid Waste Quantity Measurement 7.3 Business and Financial Measurement 7.4 Customer and Stakeholder Satisfaction Measurements 7.5 Summary

8 THE GENERAL APPROACH FOR A SOLID WASTE ASSESSMENT

8.1 Introduction to the Systems Approach Framework 8.2 Step 1: Establish the Team and Define the Project 8.3 Step 2: Existing Record Review 8.4 Step 3: Process Mapping and Production Analysis 8.5 Step 4: Solid Waste Sorts 8.6 Step 5: Data Analysis 8.7 Step 6: Identify Major Waste Minimization Opportunities 8.8 Step 7: Determine, Evaluate, and Select Waste Minimization Alternatives 8.9 Case Study—Potential Recycling Strategies 8.10 Case Study—Major Waste Streams 8.11 Step 8: Documentation and Development of the Deployment Plan 8.12 Implementation and Execution of the Solid Waste Minimization Plan 8.13 Validate the Program versus Goals 8.14 Monitor and Continually Improve Performance

9 TRAINING AND IMPLEMENTATION

9.1 Introduction 9.2 Strategy 9.3 Agendas for Training

10 COMMUNICATING AND LEVERAGING SUCCESS 11 THE ROLE OF CREATIVITY, INVENTION, AND INNOVATION IN SOLID WASTE MINIMIZATION

Part 3 SOLID WASTE GENERATION MODELING: CHARACTERIZATION, PREDICTION, AND EVALUATION

12 INTRODUCTION

12.1 Model Overview 12.2 Functions of the Proposed Model 12.3 Theoretical Structure of the Model Concepts and Hypotheses

13 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 14 DATA COLLECTION

14.1 Introduction 14.2 Required Data Types 14.3 Data Collection Process 14.4 Data Collection Results and Discussion 14.5 Existing Data Collection

15 SOLID WASTE CHARACTERIZATION BY BUSINESS ACTIVITIES

15.1 Introduction 15.2 Data Consolidation and Initial Characterization 15.3 SIC Code Grouping Validation 15.4 Multivariate Cluster Analysis and Discussion 15.5 Summary of Waste Characterization Findings

16 SOLID WASTE ESTIMATION AND PREDICTION

16.1 Introduction 16.2 Overview of Waste Group Data and Consolidation 16.3 Stepwise Regression Methodology 16.4 Analysis of Results and Summary of Findings

17 BENCHMARKING AND EVALUATION 18 MODEL DEVELOPMENT AND INTEGRATION 19 MODEL VALIDATION AND CASE STUDY APPLICATION

19.1 Additional Data Collection from Other Existing Sources 19.2 Validation of the Developed Environmental Model 19.3 Demonstration of the Prediction of Solid Waste Generation Using the Developed Model 19.4 Performance Parameter Case Study 19.5 Cost-Benefit Analysis Case Study

20 MODEL SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH

20.1 Introduction 20.2 Hypothesis Testing Results 20.3 Research Contributions 20.4 Research Limitations 20.5 Recommendations for Future Research 20.6 Summary

Part 4 CASE STUDIES

21 INTRODUCTION TO CASE STUDIES 22 AGRICULTURAL, FORESTRY, AND FISHING APPLICATIONS

22.1 Industry Overview 22.2 Waste Management Goals and Opportunities 22.3 Economics 22.4 Constraints and Considerations 22.5 Potential Technologies and Strategies 22.6 Implementation and Approach 22.7 Case Study 22.8 Exemplary Performers and Future Research 22.9 Additional Information

23 MINING APPLICATIONS

23.1 Industry Overview 23.2 Waste Management Goals and Opportunities 23.3 Economics 23.4 Constraints and Considerations 23.5 Implementation and Approach 23.6 Case Study 23.7 Exemplary Performers and Industry Leaders

24 CONSTRUCTION APPLICATIONS

24.1 Industry Overview 24.2 Waste Management Goals and Opportunities 24.3 Economics 24.4 Constraints and Considerations 24.5 Potential Technologies and Strategies 24.6 Implementation and Approach 24.7 Case Study 24.8 Additional Information

25 FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCT MANUFACTURING APPLICATIONS

25.1 Industry Overview 25.2 Waste Management Goals and Opportunities 25.3 Economics 25.4 Constraints and Considerations 25.5 Potential Technologies and Strategies 25.6 Implementation and Approach 25.7 Case Study 25.8 Additional Information

26 APPAREL- AND FABRIC-MANUFACTURING APPLICATIONS

26.1 Industry Overview 26.2 Waste Management Goals and Opportunities 26.3 Constraints and Considerations 26.4 Potential Technologies and Strategies 26.5 Implementation and Approach 26.6 Case Study 26.7 Exemplary Performer—Textile By-Product Reuse 26.8 Additional Information

27 WOOD- AND LUMBER-MANUFACTURING APPLICATIONS

27.1 Industry Overview 27.2 Waste Management Goals and Opportunities 27.3 Constraints and Considerations 27.4 Potential Technologies and Strategies 27.5 Implementation and Approach 27.6 Case Study 27.7 Exemplary Performers—Environmental Management Systems in Woodworking 27.8 Additional Information

28 PAPER MANUFACTURING APPLICATIONS

28.1 Industry Overview 28.2 Waste Management Goals and Opportunities 28.3 Constraints and Considerations 28.4 Potential Technologies and Strategies 28.5 Implementation and Approach 28.6 Case Study 28.7 Exemplary Performers—Recycling Paper Waste and Paper By-Products 28.8 Additional Information

29 PRINTING AND PUBLISHING APPLICATIONS

29.1 Industry Overview 29.2 Waste Management Goals and Opportunities 29.3 Constraints and Considerations 29.4 Potential Technologies and Strategies 29.5 Implementation and Approach 29.6 Case Study 29.7 Exemplary Performers—Increasing Recycled Content in Publishing 29.8 Additional Information

30 CHEMICAL AND PETROLEUM PROCESSING APPLICATIONS

30.1 Industry Overview 30.2 Waste Management Goals and Opportunities 30.3 Constraints and Considerations 30.4 Potential Technologies and Strategies 30.5 Implementation and Approach 30.6 Case Study 30.7 Exemplary Performers—Waste Minimization in Oil Refineries

31 PLASTIC AND RUBBER MANUFACTURING

31.1 Industry Overview 31.2 Waste Management Goals and Opportunities 31.3 Constraints and Considerations 31.4 Potential Technologies, Strategies, and Approach 31.5 Case Study 31.6 Additional Information

32 PRIMARY AND FABRICATED METAL INDUSTRIES

32.1 Industry Overview 32.2 Waste Management Goals and Opportunities 32.3 Economics 32.4 Constraints and Considerations 32.5 Potential Technologies and Strategies 32.6 Implementation and Approach 32.7 Case Study—Aluminum Recycling 32.8 Additional Information

33 ELECTRONICS, SEMICONDUCTORS, AND OTHER ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

33.1 Industry Overview 33.2 Waste Management Goals and Opportunities 33.3 Constraints and Considerations 33.4 Potential Technologies and Strategies 33.5 Implementation and Approach 33.6 Case Study 33.7 Additional Information

34 INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL MACHINERY INCLUDING AUTOMOTIVE MANUFACTURING

34.1 Industry Overview 34.2 Waste Management Goals and Opportunities 34.3 Economics 34.4 Constraints and Considerations 34.5 Potential Technologies and Strategies 34.6 Implementation and Approach 34.7 Case Study 34.8 Exemplary Performers and Industry Leaders—Zero Landfill Plants

35 TRANSPORTATION, LOGISTICAL, AND WAREHOUSING APPLICATIONS

35.1 Industry Overview 35.2 Waste Management Goals and Opportunities 35.3 Economics 35.4 Constraints and Considerations 35.5 Potential Technologies, Strategies, and Implementation Approach 35.6 Case Study 35.7 Exemplary Performers—UPS Solid Waste Reduction Initiatives

36 HEALTH SYSTEM APPLICATIONS

36.1 Industry Overview 36.2 Waste Management Goals and Opportunities 36.3 Constraints and Considerations 36.4 Potential Technologies and Strategies 36.5 Implementation and Approach 36.6 Case Study

37 COMMERCIAL, RETAIL, FINANCIAL, AND GOVERNMENT OFFICE APPLICATIONS

37.1 Industry Overview 37.2 Waste Management Goals and Opportunities 37.3 Constraints and Considerations 37.4 Potential Technologies and Strategies 37.5 Implementation and Approach 37.6 Case Study 37.7 Exemplary Performers—Office Paper–Recycling Programs

38 ACCOMMODATIONS AND FOOD SERVICE APPLICATIONS

38.1 Industry Overview 38.2 Waste Management Goals and Opportunities 38.3 Constraints and Considerations 38.4 Potential Technologies and Strategies 38.5 Implementation and Approach 38.6 Case Study 38.7 Exemplary Performers—LEED Certification

39 AUTOMOTIVE SERVICE APPLICATIONS

39.1 Industry Overview 39.2 Waste Management Goals and Opportunities 39.3 Constraints and Considerations 39.4 Potential Technologies and Strategies 39.5 Implementation and Approach 39.6 Case Study 39.7 Industry Leaders—The Automotive Recyclers Association

40 EDUCATION APPLICATIONS

40.1 Industry Overview 40.2 Waste Management Goals and Opportunities 40.3 Constraints and Considerations 40.4 Potential Technologies and Strategies 40.5 Implementation and Approach 40.6 Case Study 40.7 Exemplary Performers—RecycleWorks School Recycling Award Program

41 INTERNATIONAL MANUFACTURING APPLICATIONS

41.1 International Waste Management Goals and Opportunities 41.2 Constraints and Considerations 41.3 Potential Technologies and Strategies 41.4 Implementation and Approach 41.5 Case Study 41.6 Exemplary Performers—European Employee Award Programs

42 INTERNATIONAL SERVICE APPLICATIONS

42.1 International Waste Management Goals and Opportunities in Service 42.2 Constraints and Considerations 42.3 Potential Technologies and Strategies 42.4 Implementation and Approach 42.5 Case Study 42.6 Industry Leaders—The International Solid Waste Association

REFERENCES INDEX

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