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Index
PREFACE 1 FROM FUNDAMENTALIST TO FREETHINKER IT ALL BEGAN WITH SANTA Fundamentalist Roots Philosophical Predisposition The Demand for Evidence as a Basis for Faith My Pilgrim's Progress Childhood: a Period of Questioning Many Santas, Many Religions and Gods Religious Experiences: Genuine or Spurious? Formative Reading and Unintended Consequences The Problem of Evil Historical Questions Unanswered Heaven and the Afterlife God's Foreknowledge and Predestination Christology Inerrancy Predestination and Free Will Heresy The Historicity of Jesus Evil, Free Will, and Responsibility The Evolution Debate Flirting with Buddhism, then Deism, then Agnosticism The Dark Side of Fundamentalism Book-burning and Beatings The Delights of being a Freethinker Maturing as a Freethinking Atheist A Memorable Debate Time Out from Interest in Religion Unabashed Atheism Renewed 2 THE LOGICAL RIVALRY OF THE GODS CHOICES OF A SPIRITUAL PILGRIM The Choices of a Spiritual Pilgrim Betting on the Gods: Pascal's Wager A Little Logic The Logical Contrariety of Rival Religions Hume's Argument from the Contrariety of Religions The Contrariety of Religions Disputed The Contrariety Premise Demonstrated Back to Pascal's Betting Arena Hume's Thesis: A Proof or a Probability A Little More Logic Examples of Hume's Proof or Probability Thesis The Snarling Logicality is Unavoidable Guidelines for Prudent Betting The Improbability of All Religions The Near-Zero Probability of Any God Assessing Probabilities Empirically Empirical Estimates of God's Probability Purely A Priori Estimates of God's Probability 3 WHY GOD DESERVES TO DIE INTELLECTUAL AND MORAL INDICTMENTS The Death of the Gods The gods of Monotheism The General Concept of God The Concept of Atheism Proving a Negative Naturalism Supernaturalism The God of Biblical Revelation Inerrancy Figurativism Van Inwagen's Simplistic Reasoning Does the Biblical God tell the Truth? Is the Biblical God Moral? Diseases and Disasters War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity Tortures of Hell The Old Testament's Moral Primitivism Moral Primitivism still Prevails among many Believers 4 TRYING TO RESUSCITATE THE GOD CONCEPT PHILOSOPHICAL ARGUMENTS Proofs or Rationalizations? The Ontological Argument Ontology and Magical Thinking Anselm's Ontological Argument Religious Shortcomings Logical Shortcomings Conjuring up a Perfect Island Conjuring up the Devil Conjuring up the Greatest Prime Number The Fallacy Exposed Existence is not a Predicate [Property] How to Talk about Existence No Contradiction in Denying that God exists The Cosmological Argument A Simple Version of the Cosmological Argument The Kalam Cosmological Argument Arguments from Current Scientific Cosmology Argument for the Impossibility of an Actual Infinite Interim Conclusion: "Therefore the universe has a cause." Final conclusion: "The cause of the universe is God." Arguments from Design Scientific Credentials of the Theory of Evolution Behe on Irreducible Complexity The Improbability of Abiogenesis The A Priorist's Fallacy The Argument from Fine-Tuning Seven Objections to the Fine-Tuning Argument A Devastating Dilemma for Design Devotees Creating and Designing an Evil World Satan's Moral Outrage over his Boss's Creation The Great Computer Designer versus the Great Hacker. The Cosmological and Design Arguments for Atheism 5 THE MORAL ARGUMENT FOR ATHEISM A LOGICAL QUANDARY FOR THEISTS Dostoyevsky's Claim The Reference of "God" The Meaning of "Absolute Morality" The Plausibility of Moral Realism Prima Facie Examples of Objective Moral Truths Reminder on the History of Objectivist Ethics God's Violations of "Objective" Moral Principles Wanton Slaughter Sex Slavery Enforced Cannibalism Human Sacrifice Endless Torture A Logical Quandary for Bible-Believing Theists An Inconsistent Quadruple Trying to Escape from the Logical Straightjacket What the Bible Actually Says Re Slaughter of Innocents Re Giving Captive Virgins to the Troops Re Causing People to Cannibalize their Relatives Re Condoning Child Sacrifice Re the Eternal Torture of Nonbelievers Comparing God with Satan Trying to Absolve God of Guilt Consequences for Theism The Falsity of Theistic Ethics A Personal Challenge to Biblical Theists 6 THE LOGIC OF HELL AND DAMNATION ANOTHER LOGICAL QUANDARY The Fourth Face of God’s Evil Treating the Problem Seriously The Nature of Omni-God God's Omnipotence God's Omniscience God's Omni-Benevolence (Moral Perfection) The Nature of Hell What's Hell Like? Who Suffers in the Fires of Hell? Is the Notion of God Sending People to Hell Logically Coherent? The Idea of Super-Satan God's Responsibility for All Evil, including that of Hell Apologetics: Making Excuses for God Trying to Absolve God: Plantinga's Free Will Defence Plantinga's Preliminary Sketch of his Defence The Parable of Dog Almighty and All-Knowing Plantinga's Attempt at a Formal Proof The Failure of Plantinga's Formal Proof Illustrated A Problem with the Entailment Condition A Problem with the Consistency Condition Back to Hell: Craig's Version of Plantinga's Defence The Failure of Craig's Formal Proof The Entailment Condition Again The Consistency Condition Again The Inconsistency Charges Reiterated Implications of Perfect Goodness Implications of the Doctrine of Hell and Damnation The Inconsistency of these Two Sets of Implications A Heavenly Refutation of the Free Will Defence Which Possible Worlds Could God have Created? The Agreed Meaning of "Possible World" The Agreed Meaning of "Omnipotent" Possibility and Feasibility A Counter-Example: the Feasibility of Heaven Craig's Counter-Argument Refuted Free Will, Foreknowledge, and Predestination Compatibilist versus Incompatibilist Meanings of "Free Will" Free Will, Predestination, and Being Sent to Hell Consequences of Being Predestined to Hell A Logical Quandary for Believers Caveat re the "Christian" Cross of Contradiction Conservative Christians "Liberal" Christians 7 THE IMPOSSIBILITY OF AN AFTERLIFE THE CHESHIRE CAT FALLACY Two Main Arguments for Substance Dualism An Appeal to the Logic of Identity and Difference An Appeal to the Noncogitative Nature of Matter A Host of Problems for Substance Dualism The Inexplicability of Mind-Brain Dependence The Inexplicability of Mental Causation The Violation of Scientific Laws Minds aren't Miracle-Workers Our Embryological and Developmental Histories Problems about our Evolutionary Histories Which Stage of the Soul or Mind Survives? Presupposing a Category Misallocation The Fallacy of Reification Resisting the Reifying Lure of Language Dualistic Consequences of Reifying Mentalistic Terms Allocation to Ontological Categories Locke's Partial Solution to Category Misallocation Category Mistakes and "the Ghost in the Machine" To Have a Mind is to have a Set of Mental Properties Interim Summary The Emergence of Minds from Incogitative Matter Refutation by Counter-Examples The Concept of Emergence Defined Wrong-Headed Concepts of Emergence The Ubiquitousness of Emergent Properties The Metaphysics of Emergent Materialism Contra Substance Monism Why Property Dualism is Misconceived Emergent Properties of Different Kinds The Hierarchy of Sciences The Case of Sensory Powers The Case of Consciousness The Metaphysical Impossibility of Survival Mind-Brain Dependence The Issue of Mental Causation The Bogeyman of Epiphenomenalism The Violation of Scientific Laws Minds as Miracle-Workers Our Embryological and Developmental Histories Our Evolutionary Histories 8 GOBBLEDYGOOK GODS PLAYING HUMPTY DUMPTY WITH WORDS Paul Tillich Bishop John Robinson Don Cupitt Three Main Causes of Philosophical Disease Reification Lewis Carroll on "Nobody" Conflating "is"s Theologian's Muddles about "is" Playing Humpty Dumpty with Words Humpty Dumpty and Tillich, et. al. Advice from both your Mother and Me Don't Tell Stories Unless they are True EPILOGUE MY REVIEW OF LLOYD GEERING'S IN PRAISE OF THE SECULAR
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