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Index
FOREWORD
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
BIOGRAPHIES
About the Technical Reviewer
INTRODUCTION
The Problem with CCNA Study Guides
Cisco CCNA Simplified versus Cisco CCNA in 60 Days
Free Bonus Material
Cisco CCNA Simplified Video Course
Reviews
Also from Reality Press Ltd.
How to Read Cisco CCNA Simplified
The Cisco CCNA Exam Format
How to Do the Labs
Rack Topologies
Other Resources
Part 1 — ICND1
Chapter 1 — Network Fundamentals
Overview of Networking Equipment
Hub
Switch
Router
The Open Systems Interconnection Model
Encapsulation
Application Layer
Presentation Layer
Session Layer
Transport Layer
Network Layer
Data Link Layer
Physical Layer
Summary—The OSI Model
The TCP/IP Model
TCP/IP Application Layer
TCP/IP Transport/Host-to-Host Layer
TCP/IP Internet/Network Layer
TCP/IP Network Access Layer
TCP/IP Services
File Transfer Protocol
Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
HyperText Transfer Protocol
Telnet
Secure Shell
Internet Control Message Protocol
Traceroute
Address Resolution Protocol
Mini-lab – Checking the ARP Cache
Proxy ARP
Mini-lab – Discovering Proxy ARP
Reverse Address Resolution Protocol
Gratuitous ARP
Simple Network Management Protocol
Domain Name System
Mini-lab – Pinging Hostnames
Cisco Discovery Protocol
Mini-lab – Checking for CDP Neighbors
Mini-lab – Discovering Devices with LLDP
Network Topologies
Point-to-Point
Point-to-Multipoint
Ring
Star
Bus
WAN-specific
Ethernet Concepts
CSMA/CD
Duplex Settings
Mini-lab – Configuring Ethernet Speed and Duplex Settings
Ethernet Frames
LAN Traffic
IEEE Standards
Cisco Hierarchical Networking Model
Cisco Modular Design
Collapsing the Layers
Cisco Network Layers
Cabling the Network
LAN Cabling
IEEE and Cabling Standards
WAN Cabling
Router Interfaces and Connectors
RJ-45 Connectors
Aux Connectors
Console Connectors
WAN Connectors
Router Interfaces and Slots
Connecting to a Router
USB Console Connection
Router Modes
User Mode
Privileged Mode
Global Configuration Mode
Interface Configuration Mode
Line Configuration Mode
Router Configuration Mode
Reloading the Router
Abbreviating the Commands
Configuring a Router
Loopback Interfaces
Editing Commands
Mini-lab – Putting an IP Address on an Interface
Show Commands
Debug Commands
Pipes
The Configuration Register
Mini-lab – Changing the Configuration Register
End of Chapter Questions
Chapter 1 Labs
Lab 1: Basic Lab – Router Modes and Commands
Lab 2: ARP, CDP, Ping, and Telnet Lab
Lab 3: Traceroute from Router A to Router B
Further Reading
Chapter 2 — LAN Switching Fundamentals
Wireless LANs and Access Points
Wireless Overview
Wireless Standards
Wireless in Action
WLAN Topologies
Cisco Unified Wireless Solution
Standalone versus Lightweight Access Points
Wireless LAN Design Considerations
Roaming
Layer 2 Switching Functions
Learning MAC Addresses
Mini-lab – Checking the MAC Address Table
Filtering and Forwarding Frames
Preventing Loops in the Network
Switching Methods
Cut-through
Store-and-Forward
Fragment-free (Modified Cut-through/Runt-free)
Virtual Local Area Networks
VLAN Membership
VLAN Numbers
VLAN Links
Dynamic Trunking Protocol
Mini-lab – Configuring VLANs and Trunk Links
InterVLAN Routing
Mini-lab – InterVLAN Routing Using Physical Router Interfaces
Mini-lab – InterVLAN Routing Using Router Subinterfaces
Mini-lab – InterVLAN Routing Using Switched Virtual Interfaces
VLAN Trunking Protocol
VTP Modes
Mini-lab – Configuring VTP
VTP Pruning
Configuring a Cisco Switch
Mini-lab – IP Default Gateway on a Switch
Mini-lab – Access Ports—Data and Voice
Switch Port Security
Enabling Port Security
Fine-tuning Port Security Configuration
End of Chapter Questions
Chapter 2 Labs
Lab 1: VLANs on an IOS Switch
Lab 2: Trunking across IOS Switches
Lab 3: InterVLAN Routing
Lab 4: Switch Port Security
Chapter 3 — IP Addressing
How Binary Works
How Hexadecimal Works
Have a Try
IP Version 4 Addressing
Powers of Two
IP Addressing
Private IPv4 Addresses
Classless Inter-Domain Routing
Subnetting
Address Depletion
How to Subnet
How to Write Subnet Masks
How Many Subnets and How Many Hosts?
Shortcut Method
Working out How Many Hosts and How Many Subnets
Secondary IP Address
Route Summarization
Working Out Summary Routes
Route Summarization Prerequisites
Breaking the Subnet Boundary
VLSM
VLSM Practice for the CCNA Exam
Chopping Down
Summary
Mini-lab – Troubleshooting IP Addressing
End of Chapter Questions
Chapter 3 Labs
Lab 1: IP Addressing
Chapter 4 — IPv6 Addressing
IPv6 Addressing
Anatomy of an IP Packet
IPv6 Address Representation
The Different IPv6 Address Types
Migrating from IPv4 to IPv6
Tunneling
Manually Configured Dual Stack
Automatic 6to4
ISATAP Tunnels
NAT-PT
IPv6 Functionality Protocols
DHCP for IPv6
ICMPv6
Neighbor Discovery Protocol
Router Discovery
Duplicate Address Detection
Neighbor Address Resolution
Mini-lab – Neighbor Discovery Protocol in Action
Mini-lab – Configuring IPv6
Subnetting IPv6
End of Chapter Questions
Chapter 4 Labs
Lab 1: Simple IPv6
Chapter 5 — IP Routing Technologies
What Is Routing?
Prefix Matching
Building the IP Routing Table
Static Routing
Mini-lab – Configuring a Static Route
Mini-lab – Configuring an IPv6 Static Route
Gateway of Last Resort
IP Default-Gateway
IP Route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0
IP Default-Network
Administrative Distances
Classful and Classless Routing
Mini-lab – Classful and Classless Routing Protocols
Dynamic Routing
Metrics
Distance Vector Protocols
Distance Vector Problems
Solving Distance Vector Problems
Link State Protocols
Planes of Operation
Routing Features
Autonomous Systems
Passive Interface
IP Unnumbered
Routing Information Protocol
RIP Operation and Timers
RIPv2
RIPv2 Auto Summarization
Mini-lab – Configuring RIPv2
Maximum Paths
Passive Interfaces
Default Routes for RIPv2
End of Chapter Questions
Chapter 5 Labs
Lab1: Configure and Troubleshoot RIPv2
Lab 2: Static Routes
Chapter 6 — Infrastructure Services
DHCP Functionality
Mini-lab – DHCP Configuration on Cisco IOS Routers
IP Helper Address
IP Forward Protocol
Domain Name System
Troubleshooting DNS
Access Control Lists
Access Control List Numbers
Standard IP Access Control Lists
Wildcard Masks
Access Control List Logging
Extended IP Access Control Lists
Port Numbers
Access Control Lists and Routing Protocols
Access Control List Rules
Configuring Access Control Lists
Access Control List Sequence Numbers
An Alternative to Access Control Lists
Network Address Translation
Static NAT
Dynamic NAT and Port Address Translation
Configuring and Verifying NAT
Troubleshooting NAT
Network Time Protocol
End of Chapter Questions
Chapter 6 Labs
Lab 1: Configuring a Router as a DHCP Server
Lab 2: Access Control Lists (Standard)
Lab 3: Access Lists (Extended)
Lab 4: Access Control Lists (Named)
Lab 5: Static NAT
Lab 6: NAT Pool
Lab 7: NAT Overload
Chapter 7 — Infrastructure Maintenance
Syslog
Mini-lab – Cisco IOS Syslog Configuration
Router Architecture
Router Memory
Router Boot-up Sequence
Managing the IOS
Booting Options
Cisco IOS Licensing
Upgrading the IOS
Mini-lab – Upgrading the IOS
Password Recovery
Network Security Devices
Network Device Passwords
Enable Password
Enable Secret
Service Password Encryption
Auxiliary Password
Mini-lab – Adding a Telnet Password
Console Password
Configuring Local Usernames and User-Specific Passwords
Securing Network Devices
Privilege Levels
Login
Logging Router Access
Prevent Telnet Access
Enable SSH
Mini-lab – Enabling SSH Access
Disable HTTP
Disable CDP
Add a Banner Message
Shut Down Unused Ports
Network Device Clock and NTP
Update the IOS
Disable Unused Services
Using ACLs to Limit Telnet and SSH Access
Restrict VLAN Information
Change the Native VLAN
Change the Management VLAN
Simple Network Management Protocol
Securing VTP
Firewalls
Firewalls in Action
Stateful Inspection and Packet Filtering
Zone-based Policy Firewalls
External Authentication Methods
End of Chapter Questions
Chapter 7 Labs
Lab 1: Basic Router Security
Lab 2: Switch Security
Lab 3: Syslog
Lab 4: Copy Startup Config Using TFTP
Chapter 8 — Network Troubleshooting
Your Troubleshooting Plan
Network Debugging
Layer 1 Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting VLAN Issues
Troubleshooting Trunks
Troubleshooting VTP
Mini-Lab – Troubleshooting VTP, VLANS, and Trunking
IP Addressing Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Access Control Lists
Common RIP Troubleshooting Issues
End of Chapter Questions
PART 2 — ICND2
Chapter 9 — LAN Switching Technologies
Extended VLANs
Mini-lab – Configuring Extended VLANs
Spanning Tree Protocol
Port States in STP
STP Convergence
Mini-lab – STP Operations
STP Timers
Cisco’s Enhancements to STP
Mini-lab – Configuring UplinkFast
STP Security
Mini-lab – Configuring BPDU Guard
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol
RSTP Link Types
RSTP Port Roles
RSTP Port States
Per-VLAN STP and per-VLAN Rapid STP
Mini-lab – Configuring PVRST+
Load Balancing Using RSTP/STP
End of Chapter Questions
Chapter 9 Labs
Lab 1: Spanning Tree Protocol
Chapter 10 — EtherChannels and Layer 2 Security
EtherChannels
Link Aggregation Control Protocol
Port Aggregation Protocol
Configuring EtherChannels on Cisco IOS
Mini-lab – PAgP Configuration
Mini-lab – LACP Configuration
Layer 3 EtherChannel Configuration
Port Channel Mode On
Layer 2 Threat Mitigation Techniques
802.1X Basics
DHCP Snooping
Switch Stacking and Chassis Aggregation
End of Chapter Questions
Chapter 10 Labs
Lab 1: LACP EtherChannels
Chapter 11 — OSPF
Overview of OSPF
OSPF Terminology
OSPF Router ID
OSPF Timers
OSPF Routes
OSPF Load Balancing
OSPF Network Types and Neighbors
Mini-lab – Configuring Single Area OSPF
Mini-lab – Configuring OSPF Interfaces
Mini-lab – OSPF Passive Interfaces
OSPFv3
Mini-lab – Configuring Single Area OSPFv3
Link State Problems
End of Chapter Questions
Chapter 11 Labs
Lab 1: Single-area OSPF
Chapter 12 — Advanced OSPF Features
Advanced OSPF Concepts
Designated Router and Backup Designated Router
Establishing Adjacencies
OSPF Priority
OSPF Router Types
OSPF Link State Advertisements
OSPF Areas
Mini-lab – Configuring Multi-area OSPF
Mini-lab – Configuring and Verifying OSPFv3 Multi-area in Cisco IOS Software
End of Chapter Questions
Chapter 12 Labs
Lab 1: Multi-area OSPF
Lab 2: Multi-area OSPFv3
Chapter 13 — Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)
EIGRP
EIGRP Terminology
EIGRP Composite Metric Calculation
EIGRP Neighbors
Reliable Transport Protocol
Understanding DUAL and Feasibility Condition
Mini-lab – Configuring EIGRP
EIGRP Router ID
Mini-lab – EIGRP Passive Interfaces
EIGRP Load Balancing
EIGRP for IPv6
Mini-lab – Configuring EIGRP for IPv6
End of Chapter Questions
Chapter 13 Labs
Lab 1: EIGRP
Chapter 14 — WAN Technologies
WAN Technologies
Common WAN Networking Terms
WAN Connection Types
Point-to-Point Protocols
High-Level Data Link Control
Point-to-Point Protocol
PPP Authentication
LCP Configuration Options
Mini-lab – Configuring PPP
PPPoE
Mini-lab – PPPoE Configuration
Metro Ethernet
MPLS
VSAT
Cellular Networks
T1/E1
ISDN
DSL
ADSL
HDSL
IDSL
RADSL
VDSL
Cable
VPN
Multilink PPP
Configuring MLPPP
Mini-lab – Configuring MLPPP
Generic Routing Encapsulation
Mini-lab – Configuring GRE
End of Chapter Questions
Chapter 14 Labs
Lab 1: WAN Lab – Point-to-Point Protocol
Chapter 15 — Border Gateway Protocol
Border Gateway Protocol
BGP Technical Details
BGP Update Example
BGP Messages
Single- and Dual-Homing
Configuring BGP
End of Chapter Questions
Chapter 15 Labs
Lab 1: Configure and Verify eBGP
Chapter 16 — Infrastructure Services
First Hop Redundancy
HSRP
HSRP Interface Tracking
Configuring HSRP Interface Tracking
Mini-lab – HSRP Configuration
Cloud Computing
Impact of Cloud Resources on Enterprise Networks
Virtual Network Functions and Services
Virtualization
Introduction to QoS
QoS Classification
QoS Marking
QoS Differentiated Services Architecture
QoS Trust Boundary
QoS Solutions
QoS Policing and Shaping
IPv6 Standard and Extended ACLs
Configuring IPv6 ACLs
Mini-lab – Configure an IPv6 Access List
End of Chapter Questions
Chapter 16 Labs
Lab 1: HSRP
Chapter 17 — Infrastructure Maintenance
Simple Network Management Software
Configuring SNMP
ICMP Echo-based IP SLA
SPAN
Network Programmability and Software-defined Networking
Open SDN
Cisco Application Centric Infrastructure (ACI)
Cisco APIC Enterprise Module (APIC-EM)
AAA
AAA Servers
Configuring AAA on Cisco Devices
Chapter 18 — Advanced Network Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting STP
Incorrect Root Bridge
Incorrect Root Port
Incorrect Designated Port
Troubleshooting InterVLAN Routing Problems
Troubleshooting Routing Issues
Troubleshooting OSPF
Mini-Lab – Troubleshooting OSPF
Troubleshooting EIGRP
Troubleshooting WAN Connectivity
Troubleshooting EtherChannels
Troubleshooting PPPoE
Troubleshooting GRE Tunnels
End of Chapter Questions
Chapter 19 — Advanced Labs
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