Puppet 3 Beginner's Guide by Arundel, John -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Puppet 3 Beginner's Guide

Table of Contents Puppet 3 Beginner's Guide Credits About the Author About the Reviewers www.PacktPub.com

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Preface

What this book covers What you need for this book Who this book is for Conventions Time for action – heading

What just happened? Pop quiz – heading Have a go hero – heading

Reader feedback Customer support

Errata Piracy Questions

1. Introduction to Puppet

The problem

Configuration management A day in the life of a sysadmin Keeping the configuration synchronized Repeating changes across many servers Self-updating documentation Coping with different platforms Version control and history

Solving the problem

Reinventing the wheel A waste of effort Transferable skills Configuration management tools

Infrastructure as code

Dawn of the devop Job satisfaction The Puppet advantage

Welcome aboard The Puppet way Growing your network Cloud scaling

What is Puppet?

The Puppet language Resources and attributes

Summary

Configuration management What Puppet does The Puppet advantage Scaling The Puppet language

2. First steps with Puppet

What you'll need Time for action – preparing for Puppet Time for action – installing Puppet Your first manifest

How it works Applying the manifest What just happened? Modifying existing files Exercise

Organizing your manifests Time for action – creating a directory structure

Creating a nodes.pp file

Time for action – creating a node declaration

What just happened?

Summary

Installing Puppet Manifests Nodes

3. Packages, Files, and Services

Packages Time for action – installing Nginx

What just happened? More about packages

Installing specific versions Removing packages Updating packages

Modules Time for action – creating an Nginx module

What just happened?

Time for action – making a "puppet apply" command Services Time for action – adding the Nginx service

What just happened? Requiring resources More about services

Starting a service at boot time Services that don't support "status" Specifying how to start, stop, or restart a service

Files Time for action – deploying a virtual host

What just happened? Notifying other resources The package–file–service pattern Exercise

Summary

Packages Modules Services

Starting services at boot Service status options Service control commands

Resource dependencies Files

4. Managing Puppet with Git

What is version control? Time for action – importing your manifests into Git

What just happened?

Time for action – committing and inspecting changes

What just happened? How often should I commit? Branching

Distributing Puppet manifests

Reliability Scalability Simplicity

Time for action – creating a master Git repo Time for action – cloning the repo to a new machine Time for action – adding a new node Time for action – pushing changes to the master repo

Exercise Pulling changes automatically

Time for action – automatic pull-and-apply script

What just happened?

Learning more about Git Summary

Why version control? Getting started with Git Networking Puppet

5. Managing users

Users

Security and access control What Puppet can do

Time for action – creating a user

What just happened? Removing user accounts

Access control

What is SSH? Managing SSH keys

Time for action – adding an SSH authorized key

What just happened? Generating new SSH keys Special-purpose keys Locking user accounts Managing SSH configuration

Time for action – deploying an SSH configuration file User privileges

sudo

Time for action – deploying a sudoers file

What just happened?

Summary

Security practices User resources

Removing or locking accounts Managing SSH keys

Configuring SSH Managing privileges with sudo

6. Tasks and templates

Running commands with exec resources Time for action – running an arbitrary command

What just happened? Running commands selectively Triggering commands Chaining commands Command search paths

Scheduled tasks Time for action – scheduling a backup

What just happened? More scheduling options Running jobs at regular intervals Running a job as a specified user Exercise

Distributing files Time for action – using a recursive file resource

What just happened?

Using templates Time for action – templating an Nginx virtual host

What just happened? Inline templates System facts Doing the math Putting it all together

Summary

Exec resources Scheduled jobs Recursive file resources Templates

7. Definitions and Classes

Grouping resources into arrays Definitions

Passing parameters to definitions Optional parameters

Time for action – creating a definition for Nginx websites

What just happened? Multiple instances of definitions Exercise

Classes

Defining classes Putting classes inside modules Declaring classes What's the difference between a class and a definition?

Time for action – creating an NTP class

What just happened?

Summary

Arrays Definitions Classes

8. Expressions and Logic

Conditionals

If statements

else and elsif Unless statements

Case statements

The default case Matching multiple cases

Selectors

Expressions

Comparisons

Equality Magnitude Substrings

Boolean operators

Combining Boolean operators

Arithmetic operators

Regular expressions

Operators Syntax Conditionals

Capture variables

Substitutions Node definitions

Arrays and hashes

Grouping resources with arrays Getting values out of arrays Hashes Multilevel hashes Testing hash keys

Summary

Conditionals Operators Regular expressions Text substitution Arrays Hashes

9. Reporting and troubleshooting

Reporting

Summary reports Enabling reports What's in a report?

Time for action – generating a report

What just happened? Using reports Debug runs Noop runs Syntax checking

Debug output

Notify resources Exec output

Specifying expected exit status

Monitoring

Managing monitoring with Puppet What to monitor Monitoring Puppet status Problems with Puppet Staying in sync

Errors

Compilation errors

Diagnosing errors Missing file sources Missing parent directory

Mistyped command line options

Summary

Reporting Debug and dry-run modes Printing messages Monitoring Puppet Common Puppet errors

10. Moving on Up

Puppet style

Break out code into modules Refactor common code into definitions Keep node declarations simple Use puppet-lint Make comments superfluous

Puppet learning resources

Reference

Resource types Language and syntax Facts Style

Modules and code

Puppet Forge The Puppet Cookbook

Projects

Puppet everywhere User accounts System toolbox Time sync Monitoring server Puppetize your key services Automate backups Set up staging servers Automate everything

Last word

Index

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