Cocoa Programming for OS X · the Big Nerd Ranch Guide, 5/e (Big Nerd Ranch Guides) by Hillegass, Aaron -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Title Page Dedication Acknowledgments Table of Contents Introduction

About This Book

Prerequisites Typographical conventions Using an eBook What’s new in the fifth edition?

The Story of Cocoa

NeXTSTEP and OpenStep From NeXTSTEP to OS X to iOS OSX, Unix, and Cocoa

Introducing the Swift Language The Cocoa Frameworks Tools for Cocoa Programming Some Advice on Learning

1. Let’s Get Started

Creating an Xcode Project

Getting around in Xcode

Application Design

Model-View-Controller

The view layer The model layer The controller layer

Creating the MainWindowController class

Creating the User Interface in Interface Builder

Adding view objects Configuring view objects XIB files and NIB files

Showing the Window Making Connections

Creating an outlet Connecting an outlet Defining an action method Connecting actions

Creating the Model Layer Connecting the Model Layer to the Controller Improving Controller Design

2. Swift Types

Introducing Swift Types in Swift Using Standard Types

Inferring types Specifying types

Number and boolean types Collection types

Literals and subscripting Initializers Properties Instance methods

Optionals

Subscripting dictionaries

Loops and String Interpolation Enumerations and the Switch Statement

Enumerations and raw values

Exploring Apple’s Swift Documentation

3. Structures and Classes

Structures

Instance methods

Using self in instance methods

Operator Overloading Classes

Designated and convenience initializers Add an instance method Inheritance

Computed Properties Reference and Value Types

Implications of reference and value types Choosing between reference and value types

Making Types Printable Swift and Objective-C Working with Foundation Types

Basic bridging Bridging with collections

Runtime Errors More Exploring of Apple’s Swift Documentation Challenge: Safe Landing Challenge: Vector Angle

4. Memory Management

Automatic Reference Counting

Objects have reference counts Deallocating objects in a hierarchy

Strong and Weak References

Strong reference cycles Unowned references

What is ARC?

5. Controls

Setting up RGBWell

Creating the MainWindowController class Creating an empty XIB file Creating an instance of MainWindowController Connecting a window controller and its window

File's Owner and making connections

About Controls Working with Controls

A word about NSCell Connecting the slider’s target and action A continuous control Setting the slider’s range values Adding two more sliders NSColorWell and NSColor Disabling a control

Using the Documentation

Changing the color of the color well

Controls and Outlets

Implicitly unwrapped optionals

For the More Curious: More on NSColor For the More Curious: Setting the Target Programmatically Challenge: Busy Board Debugging Hints

6. Delegation

Setting up SpeakLine

Creating and using an Xcode snippet Creating the user interface

Synthesizing Speech Updating Buttons Delegation

Being a delegate

Conforming to a protocol Implementing a delegate method Setting the delegate property

Implementing another delegate Common errors in implementing a delegate Cocoa classes that have delegates Delegate protocols and notifications

NSApplication and NSApplicationDelegate

The main event loop

For the More Curious: How Optional Delegate Methods Work Challenge: Enforcing a Window’s Aspect Ratio

7. Working with Table Views

About Table Views

Delegates and data sources The table view-data source conversation SpeakLine’s table view and helper objects

Getting Voice Data

Retrieving friendly names

Adding a Table View

Table view and related objects

Table columns Disabling resizing of the window

Tables, Cells, and Views

Table cell views

The NSTableViewDataSource Protocol

Conforming to the protocol Connecting the dataSource outlet Implementing data source methods Binding the text field to the table cell view

The NSTableViewDelegate Protocol

Making a connection with the assistant editor Implementing a delegate method Pre-selecting the default voice

Challenge: Make a Data Source

8. KVC, KVO, and Bindings

Bindings

Setting up Thermostat Using bindings Key-value observing Making keys observable Binding other attributes

KVC and Property Accessors KVC and nil Debugging Bindings Using the Debugger

Using breakpoints Stepping through code

Deleting breakpoints Setting an exception breakpoint

The LLDB console Using the debugger to see bindings in action

For the More Curious: Key Paths For the More Curious: More on Key-Value Observing For the More Curious: Dependent Keys Challenge: Convert RGBWell to Use Bindings

9. NSArrayController

RaiseMan’s Model Layer RaiseMan’s View Layer Introducing NSArrayController Adding an Array Controller to the XIB Binding the Array Controller to the Model Binding the Table View’s Content to the Array Controller Connecting the Add Employee Button Binding the Text Fields to the Table Cell Views Formatting the Raise Text Field Connecting the Remove Button Binding the Table View’s Selection to the Array Controller Configuring RaiseMan’s Remove Button Sorting in RaiseMan How Sorting Works in RaiseMan For the More Curious: The caseInsensitiveCompare(_:) Method For the More Curious: Sorting Without NSArrayController For the More Curious: Filtering For the More Curious: Using Interface Builder’s View Hierarchy Popover Challenge: Sorting Names by Length

10. Formatters and Validation

Formatters

Formatters, programmatically Formatters and a control’s objectValue Formatters and localization

Validation with Key-Value Coding

Adding Key-Value validation to RaiseMan

For the More Curious: NSValueTransformer

11. NSUndoManager

Message Passing and NSInvocation How the NSUndoManager Works Using NSUndoManager Key-Value Coding and To-Many Relationships Adding Undo to RaiseMan Key-Value Observing Using the Context Pointer Defensively Undo for Edits Begin Editing on Insert For the More Curious: Windows and the Undo Manager

12. Archiving

NSCoder and NSCoding

Encoding Decoding

The Document Architecture

Info.plist and NSDocumentController NSDocument

Saving documents

Understanding NSErrorPointer

Loading documents

NSWindowController

Saving and NSKeyedArchiver Loading and NSKeyedUnarchiver Setting the Extension and Icon for the File Type Application Data and URLs For the More Curious: Preventing Infinite Loops For the More Curious: Creating a Protocol For the More Curious: Automatic Document Saving For the More Curious: Document-Based Applications Without Undo For the More Curious: Universal Type Identifiers

13. Basic Core Data

Defining the Object Model Configure the Array Controller Add the Views Connections and Bindings How Core Data Works Fetching Objects from the NSManagedObjectContext Persistent Store Types Choosing a Cocoa Persistence Technology Customizing Objects Created by NSArrayController Challenge: Begin Editing on Add Challenge: Implement RaiseMan Using Core Data

14. User Defaults

NSUserDefaults Adding User Defaults to SpeakLine Create Names for the Defaults Register Factory Defaults for the Preferences Reading the Preferences Reflecting the Preferences in the UI Writing the Preferences to User Defaults Storing the User Defaults What Can Be Stored in NSUserDefaults? Precedence of Types of Defaults What is the User’s Defaults Database? For the More Curious: Reading/Writing Defaults from the Command Line For the More Curious: NSUserDefaultsController Challenge: Reset Preferences

15. Alerts and Closures

NSAlert Modals and Sheets Completion Handlers and Closures

Closures and capturing

Make the User Confirm the Deletion For the More Curious: Functional Methods and Minimizing Closure Syntax Challenge: Don’t Fire Them Quite Yet Challenge: Different Messages for Different Situations

16. Using Notifications

What Notifications Are What Notifications Are Not NSNotification NSNotificationCenter Starting the Chatter Application Using Notifications in Chatter For the More Curious: Delegates and Notifications Challenge: Beep-beep! Challenge: Add Usernames Challenge: Colored Text Challenge: Disabling the Send Button

17. NSView and Drawing

Setting Up the Dice Application

Creating a view subclass

Views, Rectangles, and Coordinate Systems

frame bounds

Custom Drawing

drawRect(_:) When is my view drawn? Graphics contexts and states Drawing a die face

Drawing the die profile Drawing the dots

Dot positioning and drawing

Saving and Restoring the Graphics State Cleaning up with Auto Layout Drawing Images

Inspectable properties and designable views Drawing images with finer control

Scroll Views Creating Views Programmatically For the More Curious: Core Graphics and Quartz For the More Curious: Dirty Rects For the More Curious: Flipped Views Challenge: Gradients Challenge: Stroke Challenge: Make DieView Configurable from Interface Builder

18. Mouse Events

NSResponder NSEvent Getting Mouse Events Click to Roll Improving Hit Detection Gesture Recognizers Challenge: NSBezierPath-based Hit Testing Challenge: A Drawing App

19. Keyboard Events

NSResponder NSEvent Adding Keyboard Input to DieView

Accept first responder Receive keyboard events Putting the dice in Dice

Focus Rings The Key View Loop For the More Curious: Rollovers

20. Drawing Text with Attributes

NSFont NSAttributedString Drawing Strings and Attributed Strings Drawing Text Die Faces

Extensions

Getting Your View to Generate PDF Data For the More Curious: NSFontManager Challenge: Color Text as SpeakLine Speaks It

21. Pasteboards and Nil-Targeted Actions

NSPasteboard Add Cut, Copy, and Paste to Dice Nil-Targeted Actions

Looking at the XIB file

Menu Item Validation For the More Curious: Which Object Sends the Action Message? For the More Curious: UTIs and the Pasteboard

Custom UTIs

For the More Curious: Lazy Copying Challenge: Write Multiple Representations Challenge: Menu Item

22. Drag-and-Drop

Make DieView a Drag Source

Starting a drag After the drop

Make DieView a Drag Destination

registerForDraggedTypes(_:) Add highlighting Implement the dragging destination methods

For the More Curious: Operation Mask

23. NSTimer

NSTimer-based Animation How Timers Work NSTimer and Strong/Weak References For the More Curious: NSRunLoop

24. Sheets

Adding a Sheet Create the Window Controller Set Up the Menu Item Lay Out the Interface Configuring the Die Views Present the Sheet Modal Windows Encapsulating Presentation APIs Challenge: Encapsulate Sheet Presentation Challenge: Add Menu Item Validation

25. Auto Layout

What is Auto Layout? Adding Constraints to RaiseMan

Constraints from subview to superview Constraints between siblings Size constraints

Intrinsic Content Size Creating Layout Constraints Programmatically Visual Format Language Does Not Compute, Part 1: Unsatisfiable Constraints Does Not Compute, Part 2: Ambiguous Layout For the More Curious: Autoresizing Masks Challenge: Add Vertical Constraints Challenge: Add Constraints Programmatically

26. Localization and Bundles

Different Mechanisms for Localization Localizing a XIB File Localizing String Literals Demystifying NSLocalizedString and genstrings Explicit Ordering of Tokens in Format Strings NSBundle

NSBundle’s role in localization Loading code from bundles

For the More Curious: Localization and Plurality Challenge: Localizing the Default Name for a Newly Added Employee Challenge: Localizing the Undo Action Names

27. Printing

Dealing with Pagination Adding Printing to RaiseMan For the More Curious: Are You Drawing to the Screen? Challenge: Add Page Numbers Challenge: Persist Page Setup

28. Web Services

Web Services APIs RanchForecast Project

NSURLSession and asynchronous API design NSURLSession, HTTP status codes, and errors Add JSON parsing to ScheduleFetcher Lay out the interface

Opening URLs Safely Working with Untyped Data Structures For the More Curious: Parsing XML Challenge: Improve Error Handling Challenge: Add a Spinner Challenge: Parse the XML Courses Feed

29. Unit Testing

Testing in Xcode Your First Test A Note on Literals in Testing Creating a Consistent Testing Environment Sharing Constants Refactoring for Testing For the More Curious: Access Modifiers For the More Curious: Asynchronous Testing Challenge: Make Course Implement Equatable Challenge: Improve Test Coverage of Web Service Responses Challenge: Test Invalid JSON Dictionary

30. View Controllers

NSViewController Starting the ViewControl Application Windows, Controllers, and Memory Management Container View Controllers Add a Tab View Controller View Controllers vs. Window Controllers Considerations for OS X 10.9 and Earlier Challenge: SpeakLineViewController Challenge: Programmatic View Controller Challenge: Add a Window Controller

31. View Swapping and Custom Container View Controllers

View Swapping NerdTabViewController Adding Tab Images Challenge: Boxless NerdTabViewController Challenge: NerdSplitViewController Challenge: Draggable Divider

32. Storyboards

A New UI for RanchForecast

Adding the course list Adding the web view

Connecting the Course List Selection with the Web View

Creating the CourseListViewControllerDelegate Creating the parent view controller

For the More Curious: How is the Storyboard Loaded?

33. Core Animation

CALayer Scattered Implicit Animation and Actions More on CALayer Challenge: Show Filenames Challenge: Reposition Image Layers

34. Concurrency

Multithreading A Deep Chasm Opens Before You Improving Scattered: Time Profiling in Instruments

Introducing Instruments Analyzing output from Instruments

NSOperationQueue

Multithreaded Scattered Thread synchronization

For the More Curious: Faster Scattered Challenge: An Even Better Scattered

35. NSTask

ZIPspector Asynchronous Reads iPing Challenge: .tar and .tgz Files

36. Distributing Your App

Build Configurations Preprocessor Directives: Using Build Configurations to Change Behavior Creating a Release Build A Few Words on Installers App Sandbox

Entitlements Containers Mediated file access and Powerbox

The Mac App Store Receipt Validation

Local receipt verification Server-based verification

37. Afterword Index

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