Programming in C (4th Edition) (Developer's Library) by Kochan, Stephen G. -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

About This eBook Title Page Copyright Page Developer’s Library Dedication Page Contents at a Glance Table of Contents About the Author

Contributing Author, Fourth Edition

Acknowledgments We Want to Hear from You! Reader Services Introduction 1. Some Fundamentals

Programming Higher-Level Languages Operating Systems Compiling Programs Integrated Development Environments Language Interpreters

2. Compiling and Running Your First Program

Compiling Your Program Running Your Program Understanding Your First Program Displaying the Values of Variables Comments Exercises

3. Variables, Data Types, and Arithmetic Expressions

Understanding Data Types and Constants

The Integer Type int The Floating Number Type float The Extended Precision Type double The Single Character Type char The Boolean Data Type _Bool Type Specifiers: long, long long, short, unsigned, and signed

Working with Variables Working with Arithmetic Expressions

Integer Arithmetic and the Unary Minus Operator

Combining Operations with Assignment: The Assignment Operators Types _Complex and _Imaginary Exercises

4. Program Looping

Triangular Numbers The for Statement

Relational Operators Aligning Output Program Input Nested for Loops for Loop Variants

The while Statement The do Statement

The break Statement The continue Statement

Exercises

5. Making Decisions

The if Statement

The if-else Construct Compound Relational Tests Nested if Statements The else if Construct

The switch Statement Boolean Variables The Conditional Operator Exercises

6. Working with Arrays

Defining an Array

Using Array Elements as Counters Generating Fibonacci Numbers Using an Array to Generate Prime Numbers

Initializing Arrays Character Arrays

Base Conversion Using Arrays The const Qualifier

Multidimensional Arrays Variable Length Arrays Exercises

7. Working with Functions

Defining a Function Arguments and Local Variables

Function Prototype Declaration Automatic Local Variables

Returning Function Results Functions Calling Functions Calling...

Declaring Return Types and Argument Types Checking Function Arguments

Top-Down Programming Functions and Arrays

Assignment Operators Sorting Arrays Multidimensional Arrays

Global Variables Automatic and Static Variables Recursive Functions Exercises

8. Working with Structures

The Basics of Structures A Structure for Storing the Date

Using Structures in Expressions

Functions and Structures

A Structure for Storing the Time

Initializing Structures

Compound Literals

Arrays of Structures Structures Containing Structures Structures Containing Arrays Structure Variants Exercises

9. Character Strings

Revisiting the Basics of Strings Arrays of Characters Variable-Length Character Strings

Initializing and Displaying Character Strings Testing Two Character Strings for Equality Inputting Character Strings Single-Character Input The Null String

Escape Characters More on Constant Strings Character Strings, Structures, and Arrays

A Better Search Method

Character Operations Exercises

10. Pointers

Pointers and Indirection Defining a Pointer Variable Using Pointers in Expressions Working with Pointers and Structures

Structures Containing Pointers Linked Lists

The Keyword const and Pointers Pointers and Functions Pointers and Arrays

A Slight Digression About Program Optimization Is It an Array or Is It a Pointer? Pointers to Character Strings Constant Character Strings and Pointers The Increment and Decrement Operators Revisited

Operations on Pointers Pointers to Functions Pointers and Memory Addresses Exercises

11. Operations on Bits

The Basics of Bits Bit Operators

The Bitwise AND Operator The Bitwise Inclusive-OR Operator The Bitwise Exclusive-OR Operator The Ones Complement Operator The Left Shift Operator The Right Shift Operator A Shift Function Rotating Bits

Bit Fields Exercises

12. The Preprocessor

The #define Statement

Program Extendability Program Portability More Advanced Types of Definitions The # Operator The ## Operator

The #include Statement

System Include Files

Conditional Compilation

The #ifdef, #endif, #else, and #ifndef Statements The #if and #elif Preprocessor Statements The #undef Statement

Exercises

13. Extending Data Types with the Enumerated Data Type, Type Definitions, and Data Type Conversions

Enumerated Data Types The typedef Statement Data Type Conversions

Sign Extension Argument Conversion

Exercises

14. Working with Larger Programs

Dividing Your Program into Multiple Files

Compiling Multiple Source Files from the Command Line

Communication Between Modules

External Variables Static Versus Extern Variables and Functions Using Header Files Effectively

Other Utilities for Working with Larger Programs

The make Utility The cvs Utility Unix Utilities: ar, grep, sed, and so on

15. Input and Output Operations in C

Character I/O: getchar() and putchar() Formatted I/O: printf() and scanf()

The printf() Function The scanf() Function

Input and Output Operations with Files

Redirecting I/O to a File End of File

Special Functions for Working with Files

The fopen Function The getc() and putc() Functions The fclose() Function The feof Function The fprintf() and fscanf() Functions The fgets() and fputs() Functions stdin, stdout, and stderr The exit() Function Renaming and Removing Files

Exercises

16. Miscellaneous and Advanced Features

Miscellaneous Language Statements

The goto Statement The null Statement

Working with Unions The Comma Operator Type Qualifiers

The register Qualifier The volatile Qualifier The restrict Qualifier

Command-line Arguments Dynamic Memory Allocation

The calloc() and malloc() Functions The sizeof Operator The free Function

Exercises

17. Debugging Programs

Debugging with the Preprocessor Debugging Programs with gdb

Working with Variables Source File Display Controlling Program Execution Getting a Stack Trace Calling Functions and Setting Arrays and Structures Getting Help with gdb Commands Odds and Ends

18. Object-Oriented Programming

What Is an Object Anyway? Instances and Methods Writing a C Program to Work with Fractions Defining an Objective-C Class to Work with Fractions Defining a C++ Class to Work with Fractions Defining a C# Class to Work with Fractions

A. C Language Summary

1.0 Digraphs and Identifiers

1.1 Digraph Characters 1.2 Identifiers

2.0 Comments 3.0 Constants

3.1 Integer Constants 3.2 Floating-Point Constants 3.3 Character Constants 3.4 Character String Constants 3.5 Enumeration Constants

4.0 Data Types and Declarations

4.1 Declarations 4.2 Basic Data Types 4.3 Derived Data Types 4.4 Enumerated Data Types 4.5 The typedef Statement 4.6 Type Modifiers const, volatile, and restrict

5.0 Expressions

5.1 Summary of C Operators 5.2 Constant Expressions 5.3 Arithmetic Operators 5.4 Logical Operators 5.5 Relational Operators 5.6 Bitwise Operators 5.7 Increment and Decrement Operators 5.8 Assignment Operators 5.9 Conditional Operators 5.10 Type Cast Operator 5.11 sizeof Operator 5.12 Comma Operator 5.13 Basic Operations with Arrays 5.14 Basic Operations with Structures1 5.15 Basic Operations with Pointers 5.16 Compound Literals 5.17 Conversion of Basic Data Types

6.0 Storage Classes and Scope

6.1 Functions 6.2 Variables

7.0 Functions

7.1 Function Definition 7.2 Function Call 7.3 Function Pointers

8.0 Statements

8.1 Compound Statements 8.2 The break Statement 8.3 The continue Statement 8.4 The do Statement 8.5 The for Statement 8.6 The goto Statement 8.7 The if Statement 8.8 The null Statement 8.9 The return Statement 8.10 The switch Statement 8.11 The while Statement

9.0 The Preprocessor

9.1 Trigraph Sequences 9.2 Preprocessor Directives

9.3 Predefined Identifiers

B. The Standard C Library

Standard Header Files

<stddef.h> <limits.h> <stdbool.h> <float.h> <stdint.h>

String Functions Memory Functions Character Functions I/O Functions In-Memory Format Conversion Functions String-to-Number Conversion Dynamic Memory Allocation Functions Math Functions

Complex Arithmetic

General Utility Functions

C. Compiling Programs with gcc

General Command Format Command-Line Options

D. Common Programming Mistakes E. Resources

The C Programming Language

Books Websites Newsgroup

C Compilers and Integrated Development Environments

gcc MinGW CygWin Visual Studio CodeWarrior Code::Blocks

Miscellaneous

Object-Oriented Programming The C++ Language The C# Language The Objective-C Language Development Tools

Index

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