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Index
About the Author
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Preface
Ethics
Part I : The Status of Ethics
Chapter 1: The Subjectivity of Values
1. Moral scepticism
2. Subjectivism
3. The multiplicity of second order questions
4. Is objectivity a real issue?
5. Standards of evaluation
6. Hypothetical and categorical imperatives
7. The claim to objectivity
8. The argument from relativity
9. The argument from queerness
10. Patterns of objectification
11. The general goal of human life
12. Conclusion
Chapter 2: The Meaning of ‘Good’
1. The general meaning of ‘good’
2. ‘Good’ in moral contexts
Chapter 3: Obligations and Reasons
1. ‘Is’ and ‘ought’
2. The meaning of ‘ought’
3. Varieties of reason
4. Institutions
Chapter 4: Universalization
1. The first stage of universalization: the irrelevance of numerical differences
2. The second stage of universalization: putting oneself in the other person’s place
3. The third stage of universalization: taking account of different tastes and rival ideals
4. Subjective elements in universalization
Part II : The Content of Ethics
Chapter 5: The Object of Morality
1. Consequences of moral scepticism
2. A device for counteracting limited sympathies
3. The form of the device
4. Game theory analysis
5. The content of the device: conservatism or reform?
Chapter 6: Utilitarianism
1. Act utilitarianism
2. The ethics of fantasy
3. Morality in the narrow sense
4. Rule utilitarianism
5. The ‘proof’ of utility
6. Utility as desire-satisfaction
7. The malleability of morality
Chapter 7: Consequentialism and Deontology
1. Conceptions of the good
2. The rationale of universalization
3. The need for secondary principles
4. Special relationships and the form of moral principles
5. Ends and means
6. Absolutism and the principle of double effect
Chapter 8: Elements of a Practical Morality
1. The good for man
2. Egoism, rights, and property
3. Liberty
4. Truth-telling, lies, and agreements
5. How princes should keep faith
6. Virtue
7. The motive for morality
8. Extensions of morality
9. The right to life
10. Conclusion
Part III : Frontiers of Ethics
Chapter 9: Determinism, Responsibility, and Choice
1. Voluntary or intentional actions
2. The straight rule of responsibility
3. Causal determinism and human action
4. Hard and soft determinism
Chapter 10: Religion, Law, and Politics
1. The theological frontier of ethics
2. Contacts and overlaps between morality and law
3. Political applications and extensions of morality
Notes and References
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