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Index
Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Editorial Advisory and Review Boards
Editorial Advisory Board
Editorial Review Board
Preface
Guide to the Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fourth Edition
ORGANIZATION
EACH VOLUME CONTAINS
EACH ARTICLE INCLUDES
Acknowledgment
About the Editor
Section 1: Accounting and Finance
Chapter 1: Applying Artificial Intelligence to Financial Investing
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLIED TO FINANCIAL INVESTING
LITERATURE TREND 2013-2015
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 2: Distributed Parameter Systems Control and Its Applications to Financial Engineering
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE PROBLEM OF BOUNDARY CONTROL OF THE SINGLE-ASSET BLACK- SCHOLES PDE
OPTION PRICING MODELLING WITH THE USE OF THE SINGLE-ASSET BLACK-SCHOLES PDE
TRANSFORMATION OF THE SINGLE-ASSET BLACK-SCHOLES PDE INTO NONLINEAR ODES
COMPUTATION OF BOUNDARY CONTROL FOR THE SINGLE-ASSET BLACK-SCHOLES PDE
CLOSED LOOP DYNAMICS OF THE SINGLE-ASSET BLACK-SCHOLES PDE
THE PROBLEM OF BOUNDARY CONTROL OF THE MULTI-ASSET BLACK-SCHOLES PDE
BOUNDARY CONTROL OF THE MULTI-ASSET BLACK-SCHOLES PDE
FLATNESS-BASED CONTROL OF THE MULTI-ASSET BLACK-SCHOLES PDE
SIMULATION TESTS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 3: Does Inter-Bank Investments Restraints Financing Performance of Islamic Banks?
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FINDINGS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 4: An Extension to the Delone and Mclean Information Systems Success Model and Validation in the Internet Banking Context
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
LITERATURE REVIEW
RESEARCH MODEL AND HYPOTHESIS
HYPOTHESES
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
TESTING THE MEASUREMENT MODEL
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 5: Impact of Business Groups on Payout Policy in India
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE AND PAYOUT STRATEGY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 6: Noise Trader
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 7: Safeguarding of ATM
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 2: Artificial Intelligence
Chapter 8: Artificial Ethics
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: SCIENTIFIC, TECHNICAL, AND PHILOSOPHICAL PREMISES OF ARTIFICIAL ETHICS
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE: TO GENERATE AND APPLY AN ETHICS VALID IN THEORY AND EFFECTIVE IN PRACTICE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: ARTIFICIAL AGENTS WITH QUASI-COMPLETE ETHICAL SYSTEM
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 9: Artificial Intelligence
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
WHERE TO NOW?
ETHICS AND AI
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 10: Artificial Intelligence Review
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FIELDS OF APPLICATION
SOME ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TOOLS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 11: Artificial Neural Networks
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
BUILDING ANNs
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF ANNs
APPLICATIONS OF ANNs
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 12: Automatic Emotion Recognition Based on Non-Contact Gaits Information
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: GAIT AND EMOTION
MAIN FOCUS: NON-CONTACT GAITS INFORMATION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 13: Board Games AI
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
BOARD GAMES
MINMAX ALGORITHM
ALPHA-BETA PRUNNING
MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES IN BOARD GAMES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 14: Computational Intelligence Approaches to Computational Aesthetics
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE APPROACHES TO COMPUTATIONAL AESTHETICS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 15: Dotted Raster-Stereography
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
3-D IMAGING TECHNIQUES
CONVENTIONAL LINE RASTERSTEREOGRAPHY TECHNIQUE
SIMULTANEOUS MOIRÉ AND RASTER RECORDING TECHNIQUE
PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH LINE RASTERSTEREOGRAPHY
DOTTED RASTERSTEREOGRAPHY TECHNIQUE
DOTTED RASTER-STEREOGRAPHY TECHNIQUE IN FACE IDENTIFICATION
PHASES OF FACE-RECOGNITION SYSTEM USING DOTTED GRID
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 16: Hybrid Computational Intelligence and the Basic Concepts and Recent Advances
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
HYBRID INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
ENDNOTES
Chapter 17: Incremental Approach to Classification Learning
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND DEFINITIONS
INCREMENTAL LEARNING GOOD CONCEPTS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS: FOUR CASES OF INCREMENTAL LEARNING GCs
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 18: Machine Dreaming
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: THE PROBLEM OF DREAM DEFINTION
MACHINE DREAM EQUIVALENTS
SLEEP ASSOCIATED MENTATION
BIZARRE AND HALLUCINATORY MENTATION
REM SLEEP
METAPHOR
DREAM STRUCTURE: ARTIFICAL CORRELATES
MACHINE DREAMS AT THE HUMAN INTERFACE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 19: Moving Object Detection and Tracking Based on the Contour Extraction and Centroid Representation
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
OBJECT TRACKING USING CONTOUR EXTRACTION AND CENTROID REPRESENTATION
EXTENDED CECR USING KALMAN FILTER
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 20: Semantic Intelligence
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CONCEPT OF BOUNDEDNESS – GENERAL PRINCIPLES
SEMANTIC INTELLIGENCE AS A SUB-CLASS OF COMPLEX SYSTEM BEHAVIOR
SECOND LAW AND SEMANTIC INTELLIGENCE
MAJOR DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SEMANTIC AND ALGORITHMIC INTELLIGENCE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 21: The Summers and Winters of Artificial Intelligence
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE HEY DAYS OF EXPERT SYSTEMS
DENDRAL
MYCIN
A BLOW TO CONNECTIONISM
TWO FATAL REPORTS
TWO TRIUMPHS OF AI
AI ON THE CLOUD
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 22: Swarm Intelligence for Multi-Objective Optimization in Engineering Design
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MULTI-OBJECTIVE PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION
APPLICATION OF EMMOPSO TO MULTI-OBJECTIVE ENGINEERING DESIGN
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 23: Trust and Decision Making in Turing's Imitation Game
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
TURING100 EXPERIMENT
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Section 3: Assistive Technologies
Chapter 24: Apps as Assistive Technology
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
APPS AS ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 25: Assistive Technology and Human Capital for Workforce Diversity
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
HUMAN CAPITAL FOR WORKPACE DIVERSITY: ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGIES (AT)
ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY
FUTURE RESEARCH
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 26: Assistive Technology for Supporting Communication, Occupation, and Leisure by Children With Severe to Profound Developmental Disabilities
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
METHOD
LITERATURE OVERVIEW
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 27: Design, Manufacture, and Selection of Ankle-Foot-Orthoses
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DESIGN OF AFOS
MANUFACTURE OF AFO
SELECTION OF AFOS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 28: A Disability-Aware Mentality to Information Systems Design and Development
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
A DISABILITY-AWARE APPROACH TO INFORMATION SYSTEMS DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT
IMPLEMENTING A DISABILITY-AWARE APPROACH: RECOMMENDATIONS FROM STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES
FUTURE RESEARCH
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 4: Big Data
Chapter 29: Adapting Big Data Ecosystem for Landscape of Real World Applications
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
BIG DATA ECOSYSTEM
NoSQL MOVEMENT FOR BIG DATA STORAGE
COMPARISION OF VARIOUS NoSQL BIG DATA PLATFOMS
MAP: REDUCE PARADIGM FOR BIG DATA ANALYTICS
EMERGING APPLICATIONS OF BIG DATA PLATFORMS
RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 30: Big Data Analysis and Mining
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
BIG DATA ANALYSIS AND MINING FOR FREQUENT PATTERNS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 31: Big Data Analytics for Tourism Destinations
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE KNOWLEDGE DESTINATION ARCHITECTURE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITION
ENDNOTE
Chapter 32: Big Data Time Series Stream Data Segmentation Methods
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
FUTURE RESEARCH
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 33: Challenges for Big Data Security and Privacy
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
INFRASTRUCTURE SECURITY
DATA PRIVACY
DATA MANAGEMENT AND INTEGRITY
REACTIVE SECURITY
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 34: How Visualisation and Interaction Can Optimize the Cognitive Processes Towards Big Data
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: HUMAN COMPUTER INTERACTION AND MULTI-MODAL USER INTERFACES
BIG DATA
VISUALISATION
THE INTERACTIVITY IN DIGITAL MEDIA
TAM STUDY OF A BUILDING INTERACTIVE 2D MAP AND A 3D WALKTHROUGH
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 35: Managing and Visualizing Unstructured Big Data
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 36: Mining Big Data and Streams
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CHALLENGES OF BIG DATA SYSTEMS
DATA MINING TECHNIQUES FOR LARGE SCALE DATA
TOOLS FOR MINING BIG DATA
MINING BIG DATA IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS
MINING BIG DATA IN HEALTHCARE
FUTURE TRENDS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 5: Bioinformatics
Chapter 37: Bioinformatics
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
BIOINFORMATICS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
BIOINFORMATICS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF BIOSCIENCE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 38: Bioinspired Solutions for MEMS Tribology
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CONVENTIONAL SOLUTIONS
WATER REPELLENT SURFACES
BIOINSPIRED SOLUTIONS
COMPARATIVE NOTE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 39: Building Gene Networks by Analyzing Gene Expression Profiles
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
UNSUPERVISED NEURAL NETWORKS
DIFFERENTIAL GENE EXPRESSION
THE “RELAXED” CLUSTERING ALGORITHM
ANALYSIS OF GENE EXPRESSION PROFILES: EXAMPLES
Clustering Microarray Data with Neural Networks
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTE
Chapter 40: Concerns and Challenges of Cloud Platforms for Bioinformatics
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND ON CLOUD COMPUTING
THE DRIVING FORCES OF CLOUD COMPUTING IN BIOINFORMATICS
APPLICATION SCENARIOS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 6: Biology
Chapter 41: GWAS as the Detective to Find Genetic Contribution in Diseases
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
WORKFLOW FOR GWAS METHODS
IMPORTANCE OF GWAS
GWAS FOR NEW TARGET IDENTIFICATION IN DISEASES
GWAS AND ITS SPECIFICITY
LIMITATIONS
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
WEBLINKS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 42: RNA Interference Therapeutics and Human Diseases
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
TYPES OF RNA
RNA INTERFERENCE
RNAi THERAPEUTICS: CHALLENGES AND ISSUES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 7: Biomedical Engineering
Chapter 43: General Perspectives on Electromyography Signal Features and Classifiers Used for Control of Human Arm Prosthetics
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUNDAMENTAL ASPECTS OF EMG
EMG SIGNAL FEATURES
FEATURE CLASSIFICATION AND PATTERN RECOGNITION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 44: The Principle and Process of Digital Fabrication of Biomedical Objects
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE MMVPM SYSTEM FOR DIGITAL FABRICATION OF BIOMEDICAL OBJECTS
CASE STUDIES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 45: Reverse Engineering in Rehabilitation
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 8: Business and Organizational Research
Chapter 46: Acceptance of E-Reverse Auction From the Buyer Perspective
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
RESEARCH MODEL
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 47: Advanced ICT Methodologies (AIM) in the Construction Industry
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 48: Amplifying the Significance of Systems Thinking in Organization
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
RECOMMENDATIONS
LIMITATION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 49: The Application of Crowdsourced Processes in a Business Environment
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CROWDSOURCING-BASED BUSINESS MODEL
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 50: Architecture as a Tool to Solve Business Planning Problems
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: CONCEPT OF ARCHITECTURE IN COMMERCE
ARCHITECTURE USE IN COMMERCE IS LIMITED
ARCHITECTURE AS A SOLUTIONS TOOL
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 51: Benchmarking Performance Indicators of Indian Rail Freight by DEA Approach
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
APPLICATION TO BENCHMARKING OF INDIAN RAILWAY CONTAINER BUSINESS
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
LIMITATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 52: Bi-Directional Business/IT Alignment
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: FUNDAMENTALS OF BUSINESS IT/ ALIGNMENT
BI-DIRECTIONAL ALIGMENT IN INFORMATION MANGEMENT
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 53: Business Sustainability Indices
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE SUSTAINABILITY HIERARCHY
THE SYSTEM BASED SUSTAINABILITY BUSINESS MODELS
BUSINESS SUSTAINABILITY TYPOLOGY
SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
INDICATORS FOR SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
A REVIEW OF SUSTAINABILITY MEASUREMENT INDICES
MEASURING BUSINESS SUSTAINABILITY
PRODUCT SUSTAINABILITY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTE
Chapter 54: The Business Transformation Framework, Agile Project and Change Management
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
PROJECT AND CHANGE MANAGEMENTS’ ROLE
STRATEGIC VISION, PLANNING, AND GOAL(S)
BUSINESS TRANSFORMATION AGILITY
AGILE DECISION SUPPORT
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 55: The Business Transformation Framework and Its Business Engineering Law Support for (e)Transactions
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
STRATEGIC VISION, PLANNING, AND GOAL(S)
BUSINESS AGILITY
(e)TRANSACTIONS
LEGAL BASIS AND INTEGRATION
DECISION MAKING
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 56: Challenges of Meta Access Control Model Enforcement to an Increased Interoperability
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTE
Chapter 57: Cognitive Ergonomics in 2016
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CURRENT ADVANCES IS DELPHI PROCESSES AND A NEXT STEP
EXAMPLES OF USING AN SGDP/ETE WITH PARETO TECHNIQUES: 2016 AND BEYOND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 58: Corporate Social Responsibility
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) WITH ASIAN CHARACTERISTICS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 59: Digital Transformation Journeys in a Digitized Reality
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 60: A Framework for Exploring IT-Led Change in Morphing Organizations
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
IT-LED CHANGE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 61: How the Crowdsourcing Enhance the Co-Creation Into the Virtual Communities
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
VALUE CO CREATING WITHIN VIRTUAL BRAND COMMUNITY (VBC)
CONSEQUENCES OF CO CREATION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTE
Chapter 62: Hyper-Sensitivity in Global Virtual Teams
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
RESEARCH MODEL
THEORETICAL PROPOSITIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 63: Lean and Six Sigma Innovation and Design
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SELECTED LEAN SIX SIGMA STRATEGIES AND APPROACHES
SIX SIGMA INNOVATION AND DESIGN
LEAN SIX SIGMA
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 64: Motivational Factors of Telework
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
TELEWORKERS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
APPENDIX
Chapter 65: Organizational Transparency
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTE
Chapter 66: Social Business Process Modeling
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
RELATED WORK
SOCIAL BUSINESS PROCESS META-MODEL
BPMN EXTENSION FOR SOCIAL BUSINESS PROCESS MODELING
BPMN4Social Meta-Model
CASE STUDY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 67: Social Issues in IT Project Teams
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
A THEORETICAL BACKGROUND ON SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS AND NETWORKS
EMPIRICAL RESEARCH
SUMMARY OF RESEARCH FINDINGS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 68: Viewpoints on Business Process Models
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
INFORMAL REQUIREMENTS OF THE EXAMPLE
KEY MODELING ISSUES
THE PROCESS MODEL AND ITS INTERPRETATION
EXTRACTING DATA-CENTRIC AND ROLE-CENTRIC VIEWPOINTS FROM IBPN MODELS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 9: Business Education
Chapter 69: Serious Games in Entrepreneurship Education
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DISCUSSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Section 10: Business Information Systems
Chapter 70: Architectural Framework for the Implementation of Information Technology Governance in Organisations
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: IT GOVERNANCE AND ARCHITECTURE
RESEARCH APPROACH
ARCHITECTURAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF IT GOVERNANCE
FUTURE RESEARCH
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 71: Continuous Assurance and the Use of Technology for Business Compliance
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CONCEPT
OBJECTIVES
CONSTITUTION
INFORMATION SYSTEMS WITH CONTINUOUS ASSURANCE SERVICES
IMPLEMENTATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 72: Explaining and Predicting Users' Continuance Usage Intention Toward E-Filing Utilizing Technology Continuance Theory
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
LITERATURE REVIEW
METHOD
DATA ANALYSIS
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 73: Forecasting the Demand of Agricultural Crops/Commodity Using Business Intelligence Framework
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DEMAND OF FORECASTING FOR AGRICULTURAL CROPS/COMMODITY
PROPOSED APPROACH
EXPERIMENTATION AND RESULTS
DISCUSSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 74: Integrated Data Architecture for Business
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 75: IT Strategy Follows Digitalization
INTRODUCTION
DIGITALIZATION
CONCLUSION
FURTHER RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 76: The Main Concepts Behind the Dematerialization of Business Processes
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCING THE DEMATERIALIZATION OF BUSINESS PROCESSES
THE MAIN CONCEPTS BEHIND THE DEMATERIALIZATION OF BUSINESS PROCESSES
THE VITAL ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE DEMATERIALIZATION OF BUSINESS PROCESSES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 77: Scanning for Blind Spots
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ENVIRONMENTAL SCANNING AND THE CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT
ANALYTICAL TOOLS AND DETECTING BLIND SPOTS
DEFINING THE ISSUE TO BE ANALYZED
WHAT ELSE SHOULD YOU BE LOOKING FOR?
SPOTTING AND INTERPRETING TRENDS
MAJOR ISSUES, DRAWBACKS AND LIMITATIONS
AVOIDING BLIND SPOTS AND GROUPTHINK
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
TEAM MEMBERS AS OBJECTS OF STUDY
PAY ATTENTION TO BEHAVIORAL RED FLAGS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS EXAMINED
TREND WATCHERS AND FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 78: Strategic Information Systems Planning
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: STRATEGIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS PLANNING AND PERFORMANCE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 79: Sustainable Advantages of Business Value of Information Technology
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: INDUSTRY STUDIES
BUSINESS VALUE ON ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS: CLOUD COMPUTING
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 80: Using Business Analytics in Franchise Organizations
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
BUSINESS CHALLENGES: MANAGING THE FRANCHISOR AND FRANCHISEE RELATIONSHIP
DATA FOUNDATION: MANGING FRANCHISE BIG DATA
ANALYTICS IMPLEMENTATION: MANAGING FRANCHISE ORGANIZATIONAL INFORMATION
INSIGHTS: MANAGING FRANCHISE ORGANIZATIONAL WORKING KNOWLEDGE
EXECUTION AND MEASUREMENTS: DEVELOPING A GROWING FRANCHISE
DISTRIBUTED KNOWLEDGE: FRANCHISE KNOWLEDGE REPOSITORY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS: INNOVATION BY LEVERAGING FRANCHISE VALUE NETWORKS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 11: Business Intelligence
Chapter 81: Big Data, Knowledge, and Business Intelligence
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 82: Business Intelligence
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ISSUES, CONTROVERSIES, PROBLEMS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 83: Improving Competitiveness Through Organizational Market Intelligence
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MARKETING STRATEGIC DECISIONS: CASES FOR MARKET INTELLIGENCE PROCESS APPLICATION
FURTHER STUDIES AREAS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 12: Civil Engineering
Chapter 84: Digital Animation for Representing Architectural Design
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 85: Literature Review of Augmented Reality Application in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction Industry With Relation to Building Information
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FURTHER RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 13: Clinical Science and Technologies
Chapter 86: A Gamification Update to the Taxonomy of Technology and Mental Health
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
APPLICATION TO THE TAXONOMY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
Chapter 87: Heart Sound Analysis for Blood Pressure Estimation
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
HEART SOUND ANALISYS FOR HYPERTENSION DETECTION
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 88: Sociological Perspectives on Improving Medical Diagnosis Emphasizing CAD
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE PROCESS OF DIAGNOSIS
A CASCADE OF SMALLER CAD SYSTEMS AND A SUPERCOMPUTER
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 14: Cloud Computing
Chapter 89: Cloud Computing
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SERVICE MODELS
DEPLOYMENT MODELS
SECURITY IN THE CLOUD
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 90: Cloud Governance at the Local Communities
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
GOVERNANCE AS A CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 91: Clouds of Quantum Machines
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: SERVICES AND CLOUDS IN A CONTEMPORARY APPROACH
PROBABILITY AND SYMMETRY IN QUANTUM MECHANICS
THE VECTORIAL BACKBONE OF QUANTUM MECHANICS
THE QUANTUM BIT
QUANTUM TELEPORTATION
ENTANGLEMENT: THE PICTURES ON THE POOL
MAIN FOCUS
THINKING ABOUT NON-UNITARY OPERATIONS EMBEDDED IN ENTANGLED STATES: DOES IT MAKE SENSE?
PRESERVING QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT
CONNECTED TAPESTRIES OVER SERVERS IN CLOUD
ORCHESTRAL METALANGUAGE
DISCUSSION
SPONTANEOUS ENTANGLEMENT
A METAFRAME FOR CLOUDS IN HILBERT SPACE
THE BEEHIVE EFFECT
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
APPENDIX
Chapter 92: Cyberinfrastructure, Cloud Computing, Science Gateways, Visualization, and Cyberinfrastructure Ease of Use
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE TODAY
EVOLVING COMPONENTS OF CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE INCLUDING CLOUD COMPUTING
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 93: Fault Tolerant Cloud Systems
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
COMPUTING TECHNIQUES ERA
TYPICAL COMPUTING RESOURCE
VIRTUALIZATION METHODOLOGY
TYPES OF VIRTUALIZATION
VIRTUALIZATION TOOLS
FAULT TOLERANCE
FAULT TOLERANCE TECHNIQUES
DEPENDABILITY
ESTIMATING DEPENDABILITY METRICS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 94: Fault Tolerant Data Management for Cloud Services
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DATABASE REPLICATION
DATABASE CLUSTERING
FUTURE TRENDS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 95: From Information Systems Outsourcing to Cloud Computing
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
BENEFITS, ISSUES, AND CHALLENGES OF OUTSOURCING IN THE CLOUD
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 96: Improved Checkpoint Using the Effective Management of I/O in a Cloud Environment
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ROMIO
CONTRIBUTION
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 97: Service Quality and Perceived Value of Cloud Computing-Based Service Encounters
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SERVICE QUALITY MEASUREMENT
MEASURING SERVICE QUALITY IN HIGHER EDUCATION
METHODOLOGY
RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF SURVEY INSTRUMENT
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 98: Understanding Business Models on the Cloud
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CLOUD COMPUTING, BUSINESS MODELS AND TECHNOLOGICAL PARADIGM
WHAT IS CLOUD COMPUTING?
HOW CLOUD COMPUTING CREATES VALUE
HOW VALUE OF CLOUD COMPUTING CAN BE CAPTURED
CLOUD COMPUTING AND BUSINESS MODELS: TWO TECHNOLOGICAL TRAJECTORIES
BUSINESS MODELING WITH CLOUD COMPUTING (BMCC)
THE CLOUD COMPUTING BUSINESS MODEL (CCBM)
IMPLICATIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 99: Understanding Cloud Computing in a Higher Education Context
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE RESEARCH STUDY
DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 100: Vertical Integration Between Providers With Possible Cloud Migration
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
VERTICAL INTEGRATION BETWEEN PROVIDERS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 101: Virtualization as the Enabling Technology of Cloud Computing
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
HISTORY OF VIRTUALIZATION TECHNOLOGY
SERVER VIRTUALIZATION TECHNIQUES
QUALITY OF SERVICE ISSUES IN VIRTUALIZATION
VIRTUALIZATION SECURITY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY WORDS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 15: Communications Theory
Chapter 102: Communication, Information, and Pragmatics
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 103: Data Journalism
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DATA JOURNALISM STAGES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 104: Investigating Diachronic Variation and Change in New Varieties of English
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND
A CASE STUDY
METHOD
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 105: Negotiating Local Norms in Online Communication
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
NORMS IN ONLINE COMMUNITIES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 16: Computer Engineering
Chapter 106: Architecture of an Open-Source Real-Time Distributed Cyber Physical System
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
OPEN-SOURCE ARCHITECTURE FOR A REAL-TIME CPS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 107: Consistency Is Not Enough in Byzantine Fault Tolerance
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
RECONCILIATION OF SECURITY AND REPLICATION REQUIREMENTS
DISCUSSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 17: Computer Simulation
Chapter 108: Data Visualization Strategies for Computer Simulation in Bioelectromagnetics
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
METHODOLOGY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 109: Ergonomic Design of a Driver Training Simulator for Rural India
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 110: 3D Scanning and Simulation of a Hybrid Refrigerator Using Photovoltaic Energy
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 111: Uniform Random Number Generation With Jumping Facilities
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
FUTURE TRENDS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 18: Computer Vision and Image Processing
Chapter 112: A Critical Overview of Image Segmentation Techniques Based on Transition Region
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SURVEY ON THE FOLLOW-UP LITERATURE
ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION ON SOME ISSUES
FURTHER RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 113: Development of Image Engineering in the Last 20 Years
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
STATISTICS ON IMAGE ENGINEERING LITERATURES
A COMPARISON OF FOUR PERIODS OF “FIVE-YEARS”
FURTHER RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUDING REMARKS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 114: Particle Shape Analysis Using Digital Image Processing
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DEVELOPMENT OF APOGEO SOFTWARE
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 115: The Understanding of Spatial-Temporal Behaviors
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
FURTHER RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUDING REMARKS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 19: Criminal Science and Forensics
Chapter 116: Forensic Investigations in Cloud Computing
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
APPLYING TRADITIONAL ACQUISITION METHODS TO CLOUD COMPUTING
RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 117: Internet-Facilitated Child Sexual Exploitation Crimes
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMENDATIONS
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 118: Knowledge-Based Forensic Patterns and Engineering System
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 119: Uncovering Limitations of E01 Self-Verifying Files
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
RESULTS
DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 20: Crisis Response and Management
Chapter 120: Crisis Response and Management
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
TECHNOLOGY-BASED CRISIS RESPONSIVE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
CRISIS-RESPONSIVE ARCHITECTURE FOR MISSION-CRITICAL SYSTEMS
HUMAN FACTORS: BUILDING A CRISIS-RESPONSIVE COMMUNICATION
CRISIS-RESPONSIVE KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER PRACTICES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 121: Information Science and Technology in Crisis Response and Management
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CRISIS RESPONSE AND MANAGEMENT: TECHNOLOGY CONSIDERATIONS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
APPENDIX 1
APPENDIX 2
APPENDIX 3
Section 21: Curriculum Development and Instructional Design
Chapter 122: Addressing Digital Competencies, Curriculum Development, and Instructional Design in Science Teacher Education
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE STUDY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 123: Designing Engaging Instruction for the Adult Learners
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 124: Educational Ontology Development
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CHALLENGES AND DIFFICULTIES
DESIGN SUGGESTIONS
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 125: Factors Contributing to the Effectiveness of Online Students and Instructors
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CHARACTERISTICS OF SUCCESSFUL STUDENTS AND INSTRUCTORS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 126: Increasing Student Engagement and Participation Through Course Methodology
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
INCREASING STUDENT ENGAGEMENT AND PARTICIPATION THROUGH COURSE METHODOLOGY ISSUES, CONTROVERSIES, PROBLEMS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 127: Instructional Real World Community Engagement
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
REAL WORLD COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 128: Learner Engagement in Blended Learning
BACKGROUND
LEARNER ENGAGEMENT IN BLENDED LEARNING
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS IN ENGAGEMENT IN ONLINE AND BLENDED CONTEXTS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 129: Measuring Text Readability Using Reading Level
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
HOW TO USE THE FORMULA
CHALLENGES ON THE INTERNET
CONSIDERATIONS FOR NON-NATIVE ENGLISH USERS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 130: Multimodal Literacy
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 131: An Open Learning Format for Lifelong Learners' Empowerment
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: PERSONALISATION IN A LIFELONG LEARNING VISION
THE SSW4LL FORMAT
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 132: Reflection as a Process From Theory to Practice
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
FOCUS GROUP STUDY
DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS
DISCUSSION
LIMITATIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
APPENDIX 1
APPENDIX 2
Chapter 133: Relationship Among Intelligence, Achievement Motivation, Type of School, and Academic Performance of Kenyan Urban Primary School Pupils
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 134: Screencasts and Learning Styles
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SCREENCASTS AND LEARNING STYLES: A CASE STUDY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 135: Self-Awareness and Motivation Contrasting ESL and NEET Using the SAVE System
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: MAIN DRIVERS AND POLICIES TO REDUCE THE PHENOMENON OF ESL AND NEETS
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE: METHODOLOGICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK TO CONTRAST AND PREVENT ESL AND NEET
EVIDENCES FROM THE SAVE SYSTEM APPLICATION
FURTHER RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 22: Customer Relationship Management
Chapter 136: Analysis of Two Phases Queue With Vacations and Breakdowns Under T-Policy
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE CHAPTER
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 137: Customer Lifetime Value
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
IMPORTANT PERSPECTIVES ON CUSTOMER LIFETIME VALUE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 138: Facilitating Customer Relationship Management in Modern Business
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CHARACTERISTICS OF CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 139: Implementing a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) System
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 140: The Intelligence of E-CRM Applications and Approaches on Online Shopping Industry
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
RESULT
FUTURE RESEARH DIRECTION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 141: Optimizing Cloud Computing Costs of Services for Consumers
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 142: Taxonomy for “Homo Consumens” in a 3.0 Era
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS: SOVEREIGN CONSUMERS
CONCLUSION: CONSUMER 3.0
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTE
Section 23: Cyber and Network Security
Chapter 143: Cyber Security Protection for Online Gaming Applications
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
TECHNIQUES FOR ENHANCING THE TRUSTWORTHINESS
FUTURE TRENDS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 144: Piracy and Intellectual Property Theft in the Internet Era
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
VICTIMIZATION OF PIRACY AND IP THEFT AND PROTECTIVE ACTIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 145: Secure Group Key Sharing Protocols and Cloud System
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOLUTIONS AND COMPARITIVE ANALYSIS OF SECURE GROUP KEY SHARING PROTOCOLS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 146: Security of Internet-, Intranet-, and Computer-Based Examinations in Terms of Technical, Authentication, and Environmental, Where Are We?
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 147: A Three-Vector Approach to Blind Spots in Cybersecurity
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
PERSPECTIVES TO CYBERSECURITY
METHODS
FINDINGS
A THREE-VECTOR APPROACH
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 24: Cyber Crime, Cyber Bullying, and Digital Terrorism
Chapter 148: Cyber Bullying
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 149: Cyberbullying Among Malaysian Children Based on Research Evidence
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
LITERATURE REVIEW
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 150: The Nature, Extent, Causes, and Consequences of Cyberbullying
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE EXTENT OF CYBERBULLYING
CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH CYBERBULLYING INVOLVEMENT
THE ROLE OF PARENTS AND FAMILIES
THE ROLE OF SCHOOLS AND PEERS
PSYCHOLOGICAL, BEHAVIORAL, AND ACADEMIC DIFFICULTIES
FURTHER RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 25: Data Analysis and Statistics
Chapter 151: Advanced Recommender Systems
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ADVANCED RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 152: Centrality Analysis of the United States Network Graph
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 153: Context-Aware Approach for Restaurant Recommender Systems
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND AND RELATED WORK
PROPOSED APPROACH
EXPERIMENT AND EVALUATION
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 154: Data-Centric Benchmarking
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ISSUES AND TRADEOFFS IN DATA PROCESSING BENCHMARKS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 155: Data Linkage Discovery Applications
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE CHAPTER
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 156: Exploratory Data Analysis on Breast Cancer Prognosis
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
BREAST CANCER PROGNOSIS
PREDICT
SIGNIFICANCE OF NON-CLINICAL PROGNOSTIC FACTORS ON PROGNOSIS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 157: In-Memory Analytics
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FAST ANALYTICS
SCALABLE ANALYTICS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 158: Innovative Formalism for Biological Data Analysis
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
PROPOSED FUZZY FILTER
FUZZY INFERENCE MECHANISM
ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 159: Learning From Imbalanced Data
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CHARACTERISTICS OF IMBALANCED DATA
TECHNIQUES FOR LEARNING FROM IMBALANCED DATA
EVALUATION METRICS
FUTURE CHALLENGES
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 160: Neighborhood Rough-Sets-Based Spatial Data Analytics
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DECISION SYSTEMS FOR SPATIAL DATA MINING
ROUGH SETS IN SPATIAL DATA MINING
NEIGHBOURHOOD ROUGH SETS
NEIGHBORHOOD GRANULATION
CONCLUSION
FUTURE WORK
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 161: The Ontology of Randomness
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ISSUES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 162: Order Statistics and Applications
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
FUTURE TRENDS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 163: Recommender Technologies and Emerging Applications
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAJOR RECOMMENDER TECHNOLOGIES
TRADITIONAL E-COMMERCE RECOMMENDER APPLICATIONS
EMERGING RECOMMENDER APPLICATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 164: Use of Data Analytics for Program Impact Evaluation and Enhancement of Faculty/Staff Development
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH AND DATA ANALYTICS
THE ROLE OF DATA ANALYTICS IN ACADEMIC DEVELOPMENT
USE OF GOOGLE ANALYTICS AS A KNOWLEDGE PERFORMANCE INDICATOR (KPI)
THE ANALYTICS PROCESS
ADDRESSING DISADVANTAGES OF USING DATA ANALYTICS
ANALYTICS (KPIs) FOR ACADEMIC DEVELOPMENT VIDEOS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 26: Data Mining and Databases
Chapter 165: Corporate Disclosure Measurement
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
TEXT MINING: GENERAL MODEL AND METHODS
DISCUSSION ON TEXT MINING IN CORPORATE DISCLOSURE MEASUREMENT
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 166: Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery in Databases
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DATA MINING AND THE KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY IN DATABASES PROCESS
DATA MINING TASKS, METHODS/ALGORITHMS, AND MODELS/PATTERNS
KDD, SEMMA, AND CRISP-DM
STANDARDS FOR DATA MINING
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 167: Data Mining and the KDD Process
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DATA MINING: A PHASE IN KDD PROCESS
LEARNING TASKS, METHODS AND ALGORITHMS IN DATA MINING
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTE
Chapter 168: Data Mining to Identify Project Management Strategies in Learning Environments
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DECRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 169: Database Techniques for New Hardware
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 170: Ensemble Clustering Data Mining and Databases
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FINDING A CONSENSUS CLUSTERING
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 171: Graph-Based Concept Discovery
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
GRAPH-BASED CONCEPT DISCOVERY
RUNNING EXAMPLE FOR GRAPH-BASED CONCEPT DISCOVERY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 172: Healthcare Data Analysis in the Internet of Things Era
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
HEALTHCARE DATA ANALYSIS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 173: N-Tuple Algebra as a Unifying System to Process Data and Knowledge
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND
N-TUPLE ALGEBRA: BASICS AND FEATURES
NTA: GENERALIZED OPERATIONS AND OPERATIONS UPON ATTRIBUTES
NTA: CORRESPONDENCE WITH PROPOSITIONAL AND PREDICATE CALCULI
LOGICAL INFERENCE IN NTA
NTA: MODELS OF PLAUSIBLE REASONING
MEASURES IN NTA
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 174: A Proposed Framework for Incorporating Big-Data Technology in National Crisis Management Center
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
INCORPORATING BIG-DATA TECHNOLOGIES IN NCMC
CHECKING THE VALIDITY OF CONCEPTUAL DESIGN
IMPLEMENTATION AND FURTHER RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 175: Quality Evaluation for Evolving Conceptual Database Design
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
DISCUSSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 176: Query Languages for Graph Databases
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CQL
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 177: Schema Evolution in Conventional and Emerging Databases
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
RECENT RESEARCH ON SCHEMA EVOLUTION
DBMS SUPPORT FOR SCHEMA EVOLUTION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 178: Schema Versioning in Conventional and Emerging Databases
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
RECENT RESEARCH IN SCHEMA VERSIONING
DBMS SUPPORT FOR SCHEMA VERSIONING
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 179: Twitter Data Mining for Situational Awareness
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DATA MINING ON TWITTER
TWITTER SYSTEM CLASSIFICATION FOR SITUATIONAL AWARENESS
FUTURE RESEARCH TRENDS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 27: Decision Support Systems
Chapter 180: Cognitive Process Elements of People Decision-Making
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 181: Comprehensible Explanation of Predictive Models
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 182: The Concept of the Shapley Value and the Cost Allocation Between Cooperating Participants
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 183: Decision Filed Theory
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DFT RESEARCH TRENDS AND APPLICATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 184: Effectively Communicating With Group Decision Support Systems Using Information Theory
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ISSUES AND PROBLEMS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 185: Evolutionary Algorithms for Global Decision Tree Induction
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
GLOBAL INDUCTION OF DECISION TREES
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 186: A Family Review of Parameter-Learning Models and Algorithms for Making Actionable Decisions
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
HYBRID-BASED PARAMETER-LEARNING MODELS AND ALGORITHMS
SE-EQPE MODEL AND CHECKPOINT ALGORITHM
ME-EQPE MODEL AND -/-CHECKPOINT ALGORITHM
H-/G-EQPE MODEL AND LINEAR L-CHECKPOINT ALGORITHM
PROSPECTIVE APPLICATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 187: Informed Decision Making With Enterprise Dynamic Systems Control
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
EDSC: ONTOLOGICAL BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS STEERING
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 188: Managerial Tools and Techniques for Decision Making
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING INNOVATIONS
LITERATURE REVIEW
DIFFUSION OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING INNOVATIONS IN PRACTICE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 189: A Nature-Inspired Metaheuristic Approach for Generating Alternatives
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 190: Preferences, Utility, and Stochastic Approximation
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 191: Rough-Set-Based Decision Model for Incomplete Information Systems
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ROUGH SET BASED DECISION MODEL
FUTURE TRENDS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 192: Using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Analysis to Evaluate Information -Based Decision-Making
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
FUTURE TRENDS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 28: Digital Literacy
Chapter 193: Digital Literacy
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
GLOBAL DIGITAL LITERACY PROGRAMMES AND POLICIES
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 194: Digital Literacy for the 21st Century
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
WHAT IS DIGITAL LITERACY?
SOUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 195: Digital Literacy in Theory and Practice
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DIGITAL LITERACY TRAINING
CHALLENGES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 196: Encouraging Digital Literacy and ICT Competency in the Information Age
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ADVANCED ISSUES OF DIGITAL LITERACY AND ICT COMPETENCY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 197: Information Needs of Users in the Tech Savvy Environment and the Influencing Factors
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 198: A Maturity Model for Digital Literacies and Sustainable Development
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 199: Teaching Media and Information Literacy in the 21st Century
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR EDUCATORS
SUMMARY AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 200: Nigerian Undergraduate Students' Computer Competencies and Use of Information Technology Tools and Resources for Study Skills and Habits' Enhancement
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
METHODOLOGY
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
RECOMMENDATIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 201: The Roles of Digital Literacy in Social Life of Youth
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOCIAL ONLINE PRACTICES OF YOUTH
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 202: Toward a Working Definition of Digital Literacy
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: A WORKING DEFINITION OF DIGITAL LITERACY
DIGITAL LITERACY WITHIN A SOCIO-CULTURAL FRAMEWORK
NEW LITERACIES, NEW ISSUES: THE DIGITAL LITERACY IMPACT
IMPLICATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 29: Economics
Chapter 203: ICT Investments and Recovery of Troubled Economies
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ICT INVESTMENTS AND ECONOMIC RECOVERY
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONs
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 204: Uberization (or Uberification) of the Economy
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
UBERIZATION: A REVIEW OF LITERATURE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 30: Educational Technologies
Chapter 205: Adaptive Hypermedia in Education
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ADAPTIVE HYPERMEDIA IN EDUCATION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 206: Automatic Item Generation
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
AN EXAMPLE FROM THE MEDICAL HEALTH SCIENCES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 207: Challenges in Developing Adaptive Educational Hypermedia Systems
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AEHS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 208: Computational Thinking in Innovative Computational Environments and Coding
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
INNOVATIVE COMPUTATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS
COMPUTATIONAL THINKING IN HIGH SCHOOL AND ACADEMIC COURSES
FURTHER RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 209: Computer Agent Technologies in Collaborative Learning and Assessment
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
COMPUTER AGENT TECHNOLOGIES
PROJECT ANIMALIA
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 210: Cost-Effective 3D Stereo Visualization for Creative Learning
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGRAOUND: PROGRESSION OF EDUCATION TECHONOLOGY FROM SIMULATION, ANIMATION TO VIRTUAL REALITY
STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF 3D VIRTUAL REALITY LEARNING ENVIRONMENT
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP FOR VR BASED LEARNING
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
SIGNIFICANCE AND CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 211: Could Educational Technology Replace Traditional Schools in the Future?
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 212: Development of Communication Skills through Auditory Training Software in Special Education
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 213: Digital Storytelling in Language Classes
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 214: Distance Teaching and Learning Platforms
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 215: Do Usability Design Features of a Mobile Game Influence Learning?
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE EXPERIMENT AND MEASUREMENT OF LEARNING
THE USABILITY GAME DESIGN CRITERIA
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 216: Educational Technology and Intellectual Property
INTRODUCTION
LEGAL BACKGROUND
FAIR USE
PROJECT CHECKLIST
THE CREATIVE COMMONS
TECHNOLOGY-BASED INFORMATION PACKAGES
SOCIAL MEDIA
ADMINISTRATIVE ISSUES
FUTURE TRENDS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 217: Employing Educational Robotics for the Development of Problem-Based Learning Skills
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
MAIN FOCUS OF THE PAPER
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 218: From Digital Exclusion to Digital Inclusion for Adult Online Learners
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOCIO-ECONOMIC, GENDER, AND TECHNOLOGICAL ISSUES
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
Chapter 219: From Digital Natives to Student Experiences With Technology
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
RESEARCHING ‘DIGITAL NATIVES’
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 220: ICT Eases Inclusion in Education
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ICT SUPPORT FOR INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 221: The Infusion of Technology Within the Classroom Facilitates Students' Autonomy in Their Learning
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS
1ST VIRTUAL CLASSROOM
2ND VIRTUAL CLASSROOM
3RD VIRTUAL CLASSROOM
4TH VIRTUAL CLASSROOM
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 222: Integrated Paper-Based and Digital Learning Material for Smart Learners
SMART LEARNING, SMART LEARNERS, AND INCLUSIVE LEARNING
INTEGRATED PAPER-BASED AND DIGITAL LEARNING MATERIAL: LITERATURE REVIEW
THE QRCODE FORMAT
CHARACTERISTICS AND OUTCOMES OF THE RESEARCH EXPERIENCES WITH THE FORMAT
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 223: Leveraging Technology-Enhanced Teaching and Learning for Future IS Security Professionals
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOCIAL GAMING ENVIRONMENT
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 224: Liberating Educational Technology Through the Socratic Method
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE SOCRATIC METHOD
ONLINE SOCRATIC DIALOGUE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 225: Online Academia
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ONLINE ACADEMIA- KEY ELEMENTS AND CHARACTERISTICS
SUBJECT
SITUATION
SENSES
SPIRIT
STAKEHOLDERS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 226: Online Learning Propelled by Constructivism
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 227: Science Animation and Students' Attitudes
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
METHODOLOGY
DESCRIPTION OF RESEARCH TOOLS
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
FURTHER RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 228: Three Cases of Unconventional Educational Uses of Digital Storytelling
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 229: 3D Printing Applications in STEM Education
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
LITERATURE REVIEW
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 230: Tools, Pedagogical Models, and Best Practices for Digital Storytelling
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
LEARNING USING DIGITAL VIDEO STORYTELLING
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 231: The Use of Postcasting/Vodcasting in Education
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE EZCAST CASE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 232: The Vital Importance of Faculty Presence in an Online Learning Environment
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS: ONLINE INSTRUCTORS’ ROLES
COURSE DEVELOPMENT
COURSE DELIVERY
COURSE COMPLETION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 31: Electrical Engineering
Chapter 233: Mechanisms of Electrical Conductivity in Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 32: Electronic Business
Chapter 234: E-Business and Big Data Strategy in Franchising
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: BUILDING THE FRANCHISOR/FRANCHISEE RELATIONSHIP
E-BUSINESS STRATEGY IN FRANCHISING
BIG DATA STRATEGY IN FRANCHISING
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS: CYBER SECURITY AND SUSTAINABILITY
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 235: Facilitating Interaction Between Virtual Agents Through Negotiation Over Ontological Representation
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ONTOLOGICAL MISMATCH
WORKED EXAMPLE
THE ONTOLOGY REPAIR SYSTEM
FAULT REPAIR AND DIAGNOSIS
NEGOTIATING REPAIRS
EVALUATION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 236: On-Line Credit and Debit Card Processing and Fraud Prevention for E-Business
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 33: Electronic Commerce
Chapter 237: Adoption and Use of Mobile Money Services in Nigeria
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 238: E-Commerce Models, Players, and Its Future
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
E-COMMERCE MODELS
THE BIG E-COMMERCE PLAYERS
EMERGING MODELS AND EMERGING MARKET
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 239: Electronic Payment Frameworks
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ELECTRONIC PAYMENT FRAMEWORKS
PAYMENT FRAMEWORKS PROPOSED
Discussion
CURRENT E-PAYMENT FRAMEWORK INITIATIVES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 240: Factors Determining E-Shopping Compliance by Nigerians
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
LITERATURE REVIEW
METHODOLOGY
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 241: Enterprise Interoperability
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
THE ISSUES AND CHALLENGES OF ENTERPSISE INTEROPERABILITY
OBSTACLES IN ENTERPSISE INTEROPERABILITY- PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE
BACKGROUND ON ENTERPSISE INTEROPERABILITY EFFORTS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTE
Chapter 242: Has Bitcoin Achieved the Characteristics of Money?
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
BITCOIN AS MONEY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTE
Chapter 243: The Importance of Electronic Commerce in Modern Business
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
PERSPECTIVES ON ELECTRONIC COMMERCE IN MODERN BUSINESS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 244: Improving Competencies for the Courier Service Industry in Malaysia
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
PROBLEM STATEMENT
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
LITERATURE REVIEW
METHODOLOGY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 245: New Advances in E-Commerce
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
INTELLIGENT AND MODERN MODELS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 246: Online Mediation in E-Commerce Matters
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ONLINE MEDIATION IN E-COMMERCE. ITS USEFULNESS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 247: Reputational Mechanisms in Consumer-to-Consumer Online Commerce
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 248: Retail Prices and E-Commerce
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 249: Social Commerce Using Social Network and E-Commerce
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOCIAL COMMERCE AND SOCIAL SHOPPING
ISSUES AND PROBLEMS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 250: An Update on Bitcoin as a Digital Currency
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
UPDATE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 251: Use of Bitcoin for Internet Trade
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
BITCOIN ARCHITECTURE
BITCOIN PROTOCOL
VULNERABILITIES AND POSSIBLE ATTACKS
COMPARISON WITH OTHER CRYPTO-CURRENCIES
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTE
Section 34: Electronic Services
Chapter 252: Determining Impact of Demographics on Perceived Service Quality in Online Retail
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH GOAL
SAMPLE AND DATA COLLECTION
SCALE RELIABILITY AND CONSTRUCT VALIDITY
ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
POST HOC
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 253: The Impact of Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene on Electronics Industry
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
APPLICATIONS OF CARBON NANOTUBES AND GRAPHENE
COMPARISON BETWEEN CARBON NANOTUBES AND GRAPHENE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 254: Integrating Content Authentication Support in Media Services
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MEDIA AUTHENTICATION DEMANDS IN REAL-WORLD PRACTICAL SCENARIOS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 255: IT Service Management Architectures
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 35: Enterprise Resource Planning
Chapter 256: Business Intelligence Impacts on Design of Enterprise Systems
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE OF ENTERPRISE SYSTEMS
BI AS REQUIREMENTS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 257: Deployment of Enterprise Architecture From the Activity Theory Perspective
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MODEL FOR INFLUENCING FACTORS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 258: ERP Systems Benefit Realization and the Role of ERP-Enabled Application Integration
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
RESEARCH MODEL AND HYPOTHESES DEVELOPMENT
RESEARCH METHODS
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULT
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
APPENDIX: MEASUREMENT ITEMS
Chapter 259: From On-Premise ERP to Cloud ERP
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: ON-PREMISE ERP AND ALIGNMENT CONCERNS
ERP ALIGNMENT IN A CLOUD COMPUTING ENVIRONMENT
SOCIAL AND TECHNICAL DIMENSIONS FOR CLOUD ERP ALIGNMENT: FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 260: Socio-Technical Change Perspective for ERP Implementation in Large Scale Organizations
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: UNDERSTANDING THE NEED FOR A UNIFIED ENTERPRISE VIEW THROUGH ERP
ERP DEFINITIONS: TECHNICAL TO SOCIOTECHNICAL CHANGE PERSPECTIVE IN LARGE SCALE ORGANIZATIONS
GENERAL MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF ERP IMPLEMENTATION IN LARGE SCALE ORGANIZATION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 36: Entrepreneurship
Chapter 261: Current Scenario of Youth Entrepreneurship in India
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 262: Entrepreneurship
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 263: Entrepreneurship as the Vantage Point
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CHALLENGES FACED BY AN ENTREPRENEUR
MEASURES OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION
IMPACT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 264: Entrepreneurship Concept, Theories, and New Approaches
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THEORIES OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
NEW APPROACHES OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 265: Open Data and High-Tech Startups Towards Nascent Entrepreneurship Strategies
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 37: Environmental Science and Agriculture
Chapter 266: Carbon Capture From Natural Gas via Polymeric Membranes
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 267: Enhancing the Resiliency of Smart Grid Monitoring and Control
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
BYZANTINE FAULT TOLERANT MONITORING AND CONTROL MECHANISMS
EXPERIMENTAL ASSESSMENT
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 268: E-Waste, Chemical Toxicity, and Legislation in India
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF STUDY
DEFINITION OF E-WASTE
COMPONENTS OF E-WASTE
TOXIC ELEMENTS IN E-WASTE
E- WASTE DISPOSAL AND RECYCLING PRACTICES IN INDIA
LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN INDIA
STRATEGIC INTERVENTION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 269: Green IT and the Struggle for a Widespread Adoption
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY’S GREEN PROBLEM
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
LIMITATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 270: Identification of Green Procurement Drivers and Their Interrelationship Using Fuzzy TISM and MICMAC Analysis
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DATA ANALYSIS
CONCLUSION
LIMITATIONS AND DIRECTIONS OF FUTURE RESEARCH
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
APPENDIX
Chapter 271: Load Flow Analysis in Smart Grids
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 272: Methodology of Climate Change Impact Assessment on Forests
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 273: Model for Assessment of Environmental Responsibility in Health Care Organizations
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MODEL FOR ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 274: Potential Benefits and Current Limits in the Development of Demand Response
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
REGULATORY, TECHNOLOGICAL, AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHALLENGES TO DR DEVELOPMENT
SOLUTION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 275: Waste Gas End-of-Pipe Treatment Techniques in Italian IPPC Chemical Plants
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
BAT CONCLUSIONS APPLICATION IN ITALIAN IPPC PERMITTED PLANTS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Section 38: Ethics and Social Responsibility
Chapter 276: The Foundation of (Business) Ethics' Evolution
INTRODUCTION
FOUNDATION OF BUSINESS EDUCATION AND ACCREDITATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 277: Integrating Sustainability and CSR in the Value Chain of the Information Technology Sector
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CSR ASPECTS IN THE IT VALUE CHAIN
CSR TOOLS FOR IT BUSINESSES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 278: The Morality of Reporting Safety Concerns in Aviation
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE STUDY
METHOD
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
LIMITATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTE
Chapter 279: Science, Ethics, and Weapons Research
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
ENDNOTES
Section 39: Fuzzy Logic and Soft Computing
Chapter 280: Application of Fuzzy Numbers to Assessment Processes
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 281: Application of Soft Set in Game Theory
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
GAME THEORY
CLASSIFICATION OF GAMES
REPRESENTATION OF GAMES
GAME THEORY AND SOFT SETS
SOFT SETS IN DECISION MAKING
SOFT SETS IN DECISION MAKING BASED ON GAME THEORY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 40: Gaming
Chapter 282: Application of Gamification to Blended Learning in Higher Education
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
GAMIFICATION IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL SETTINGS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READINGS
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 283: Chemistry Learning Through Designing Digital Games
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF MYKIMDG
IMPLEMENTATION OF MYKIMDG
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 284: Clinical Use of Video Games
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 285: Leveraging the Arduino Platform to Develop Information Technology Devices
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DEVELOPED PROTOTYPES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 286: Educational Serious Games Design
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: SERIOUS GAME DESIGN MODELS – STATE OF THE ART
FURTHER RESEARCH DIRECTIONS: PRINCIPAL CHALLENGES FOR SERIOUS GAME DESIGN
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 287: Exposure to Video Games and Decision Making
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 288: Learning With Games and Digital Stories in Visual Programming
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
EMPIRICAL EVALUATION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 289: The Process Model of Gameplay to Understand Digital Gaming Outcomes
INTRODUCTION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 290: Serious Games Advancing the Technology of Engaging Information
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
UNDERSTANDING SERIOUS GAMES THROUGH UNDERSTANDING GAMES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 291: Towards Modelling Effective Educational Games Using Multi-Domain Framework
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE CHAPTER
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 41: Gender and Diversity
Chapter 292: Computing Technologies and Science Fiction Cinema
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
BODIES IN TRANSIT: THE VIRTUAL REALITY FILM
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 293: Gender Differences in Advertising Engagement Using the Case of Facebooks Ads
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
METHODOLOGY
RESULTS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 294: The Gender Dimension in Urban Air Quality
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 295: How Exclusive Work Climates Create Barriers for Women in IS&T
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
STEREOTYPES
STEREOTYPE THREAT
MOTHERHOOD PENALTY
WORK-FAMILY CONFLICT
LACK OF MENTORING
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 296: Women and IT in Lilongwe
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
LITERATURE REVIEW
FACTORS INFLUENCING GENDER IMBALANCE
METHODOLOGY
FINDINGS
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTE
Section 42: Geographic Information Systems
Chapter 297: Application of Geospatial Mashups in Web GIS for Tourism Development
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 298: Archaeological GIS for Land Use in South Etruria Urban Revolution in IX-VIII Centuries B.C.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 299: Exploring Tourism Cluster in the Peripheral Mountain Area Based on GIS Mapping
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
GIS MAPPING WAY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 300: Geographic Information System (GIS) Modeling Analysis and the Effects of Spatial Distribution and Environmental Factors on Breast Cancer Incidence
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
METHODOLOGY
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 301: Geographic Information Systems
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND: THE STARTING POINT
DATA ANALYSIS AND TREATMENT SYSTEMS
GIS TRENDS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 302: Geospatial Influence in Science Mapping
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
GEOSPATIAL INFLUENCE IN SCIENCE MAPPING
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 303: Parallel Development of Three Major Space Technology Systems and Human Side of Information Reference Services as an Essential Complementary Method
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 304: Use of GIS and Remote Sensing for Landslide Susceptibility Mapping
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 43: Government and Law
Chapter 305: Accessibility in E-Government
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
WEB ACCESSIBILITY
WEB USABILITY
MOBILE ACCESSIBILITY FACTORS
LOCALIZATION AND PERSONALIZATION
WCAG 2.0 UPDATES
WEB ACCESSIBILITY COMPLIANCE
MOBILE ACCESSIBILITY INITIATIVE
MOBILE QR INTEGRATION
FUTURE COMPLIANCE
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 306: The Adoption and Transformation of Capability Maturity Models in Government
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ARTICLE FOCUS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTE
Chapter 307: Bridging Between Cyber Politics and Collective Dynamics of Social Movement
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 308: Community Broadband Networks and the Opportunity for E-Government Services
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
HYPOTHETICAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN E-GOVRNMENT SERVICES AND COMMUNITY BROADBAND NETWORKS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 309: Critical Success Factors in E-Democracy Implementation
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS IN E-DEMOCRACY
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 310: E-Activism Development and Growth
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 311: E-Government Service Adoption and the Impact of Privacy and Trust
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ISSUES, CONTROVERSIES, AND PROBLEMS
RESEARCH MODEL AND HYPOTHESES
DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
MEASUREMENT MODEL ANALYSIS
STRUCTURAL MODEL ANALYSIS
CONCLUSION
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
LIMITATIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 312: Mastering Electronic Government in the Digital Age
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CHALLENGES AND IMPLICATIONS OF ELECTRONIC GOVERNMENT IN THE DIGITAL AGE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 313: A Model for Connected E-Government in the Digital Age
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
A FRAMEWORK FOR CONNECTED E-GOVERNMENT
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTE
Chapter 314: Presidential Elections Web 2.0
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGNS AND WEB 2.0
THE 2016 SOCIAL MEDIA ELECTION
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 315: Project Management in Government
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
NEED FOR IMPROVED eGOVERNMENT PROJECT MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGIES
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
APPENDIX
Chapter 316: Technology and Terror
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 317: Users Behavioral Intention Towards eGovernment in an African Developing Country
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
LITERATURE REVIEW
METHODOLOGY
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
LIMITATION AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 318: Young People, Civic Participation, and the Internet
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FOUR STRANDS OF EMPIRICAL RESEARCH
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 44: Healthcare Administration
Chapter 319: Electronic Health Record (EHR) Diffusion and an Examination of Physician Resistance
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
PHYSICIAN BARRIERS TO ADTOPION OF EHRs
IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 320: Internet of Things Applications for Healthcare
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
IoT IN HEALTHCARE DOMAIN
CONCEPT OF M-HEALTH
TELEHEALTH
TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR REAL-TIME INTERACTIVE SESSIONS
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN MEDICINE
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 321: Maintenance Policies Optimization of Medical Equipment in a Health Care Organization
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
HOSPITAL DESCRIPTION
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE DATASHEETS
ELECTROMEDICAL EQUIPMENT ANALYSIS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 322: The Optimal Workforce Staffing Solutions With Random Patient Demand in Healthcare Settings
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
APPENDIX
Chapter 323: Using Technology to Reduce a Healthcare Disparity
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
PILOT STUDY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 45: Health Information Systems
Chapter 324: Challenges and Implications of Health Literacy in Global Health Care
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THEORY AND APPLICATIONS OF HEALTH LITERACY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 325: Cyber Behaviors in Seeking Health Information
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
COLLABORATIVE INFORMATION SEEKING IN HEALTH
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 326: Information Systems and Technology Projects in Healthcare Organisations
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 327: Peer-to-Peer Health-Related Online Support Groups
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 328: Software Evaluation From the Perspective of Patients and Healthcare Professionals
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
EVALUTION, DIMENSIONS, TOOLS AND APPROACHES
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 329: Technology Design and Routes for Tool Appropriation in Medical Practices
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE
DESIGN AND USERS CHALLENGES
SCOPE OF THE ARTICLE: A FOCUS ON ARTIFACT APPROPRIATION
SOLUTIONS, RESULTS, AND REFLECTION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 330: Trends in Health Care Information Technology and Informatics
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 331: User Resistance to Health Information Technology
INTRODUCTION
THEORIES AND CONCEPTUALIZATIONS OF RESISTANCE TO IN RESEARCH
IMPLICATIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 46: Higher Education
Chapter 332: The Effect of Innovative Communication Technologies in Higher Education
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND-THE USE OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES AS A MARKETING TOOL IN HIGHER EDUCATION
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 333: Experiences of Implementing a Large-Scale Blended, Flipped Learning Project
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
LITERATURE REVIEW
METHOD
DISCUSSION OF EMERGENT THEMES
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 334: A Flipped Learning Approach to University EFL Courses
BACKGROUND
VALIDATION OF THE STUDY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 335: A Framework for Profiling Prospective Students in Higher Education
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE CHAPTER
SOLUTIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 336: Importance of Information Literacy
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
RASCH MEASUREMENT THEORY
RESULTS: UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ PERSPECTIVE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 337: An Integrated Electronic IQA System for HEI
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF STUDY
CONCEPTUALIZATION OF AN INTEGRATED eIQA IN HEI
CASE STUDY OF KSU ELECTRONIC INTEGRATION OF QMS-IMS-PMS
KSU ITQAN SYSTEM OF THE INTEGRATED eIQA SYSTEM
SAMPLES OF KEY MODULES SCREENSHOTS OF ITQAN APPLICATION
IMPLICATIONS OF THE INTEGRATED eIQA QUALITY-INFORMATION-PLANNING SYSTEMS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 338: International Students in Online Courses
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
STUDIES OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS IN ONLINE COURSES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 339: IT Solutions Supporting the Management of Higher Education Institutions in Poland
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FEATURES OF IT TOOLS SUPPORTING HEI MANAGEMENT
TYPES OF IT TOOLS SUPPORTING HEI MANAGEMENT
EXAMPLES OF IT SOLUTIONS FOR HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
INFORMATIZATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF REPORTING FOR THE MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND HIGHER EDUCATION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 340: Knowledge Networks in Higher Education
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 341: Quality Online Learning in Higher Education
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 342: A Study on Extensive Reading in Higher Education
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
METHODOLOGY AND METHODS
PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 343: Technology Policies and Practices in Higher Education
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
FURTHER RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
APPENDIX
Chapter 344: The University-Industry Collaboration
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: THE UNIVERSITY - INDUSTRY COLLABORATION
THE MAIN DRIVERS OF UNIVERSITY - INDUSTRY COLLABORATION RELATIONSHIP
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 345: Using Communities of Inquiry Online to Perform Tasks of Higher Order Learning
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
METHOD
RESULTS
DISCUSSION AND EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
APPENDIX 1
APPENDIX 2
APPENDIX 3
Section 47: High Performance Computing
Chapter 346: Cost Evaluation of Synchronization Algorithms for Multicore Architectures
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
COST OF SYNCHRONIZATION ALGORITHM
MEMORY ACCESS
SPINNING
SYSTEM CALL AND HARDWARE SUPPORT INSTRUCTIONS
BARRIER
MESSAGE PASSING
CRITICAL SECTION LENGTH
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 347: The Future of High-Performance Computing (HPC)
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 348: High-Performance Reconfigurable Computing
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
HIGH-PERFORMANCE RECONFIGURABLE COMPUTERS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 48: Hospitality, Travel, and Tourism Management
Chapter 349: Augmented Reality for Tourist Destination Image Formation
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 350: Destination @-Branding of Ten European Capitals Through the Institutional Stems and Commercial Logos
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS: THE BRANDS
FURTHER RESULTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 351: The Effect of Social Media Networking in the Travel Industry
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF RESEARCH: DEFINING SOCIAL MEDIA
THE ROLE OF CULTURE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE
ONLINE COMMUNITIES: PASSENGERS AND THE TRAVEL INDUSTRY
THE CONNECTED PASSENGER, SOCIAL MEDIA APPLICATIONS AND CHALLENGES OF THE TRAVEL INDUSTRY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 352: Evaluative Dimensions of Urban Tourism in Capital Cities by First-Time Visitors
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
UNDERPINNING EVALUATION THROUGH SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 353: Fifty Shades of Dark Stories
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
REASONS FOR VISITING DARK TOURISM SITES
TYPOLOGY OF DARK TOURISM
ALONG THE TRAILS OF SLOVENIAN “WITCHES”
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 354: Social Media as a Channel of Constructive Dialogue for Tourism Businesses
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND AND LITERATURE REVIEW
SOCIAL MEDIA AND TOURISM SERVICES
SUGGESTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: SOCIAL MEDIA AS A CHANNEL OF CONSTRUCTIVE DIALOGUE BETWEEN TOURISM BUSINESSES AND CUSTOMERS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 355: Usability Evaluation of Tourism Icons in India
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
LITERATURE SURVEY ABOUT E-GOVERNANCE AND ICONS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
RESULTS OF ICON EVALUATION USING SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 356: Virtual Tourism and Its Potential for Tourism Development in Sub-Saharan Africa
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
VIRTUAL TOURISM
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 49: Human-Computer Interaction
Chapter 357: Affect-Sensitive Computer Systems
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
AFFECTIVE HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION
APPLICATIONS OF AFFECTIVE COMPUTING
ISSUES
FUTURE TRENDS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 358: Computer-Assisted Indian Matrimonial Services
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 359: Creative Collaborative Virtual Environments
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE CREATIVE APPROACH TO CVE
CCVE AFFORDANCES
SHARED CREATIVITY
INSTANCES OF CCVE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 360: Cyberbullying
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 361: Defining and Conceptualizing Cyberbullying
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 362: Developing Creativity and Learning Design by Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Developing Contexts
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DEVELOPING CREATIVITY AND LEARNING DESIGN IN DEVELOPING CONTEXTS
THEORETICAL UNDERPINNINGS
A LEARNRING DESIGN BY ICT: HUMAN COMPUTER INTERACTION FOR DEVELOPMENT (HCI4D)
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 363: Existential Aspects of the Development E-Culture
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
EXISTENTIAL CHALLENGE UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF E-CULTURE
INFORMATION FREEDOM
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 364: The Fundamentals of Human-Computer Interaction
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THEORY AND APPLICATIONS OF HUMANCOMPUTER INTERACTION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 365: Interface Trends in Human Interaction, the Internet of Things, and Big Data
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
TRADITIONAL MEDIA FORMS
CHARACTERISTICS OF ONLINE NEWS INTERFACES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 366: Internet Addiction in Context
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERM AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 367: Mediated Embodiment in New Communication Technologies
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
EMBODIMENT IN NEW COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 368: The Nature of Cyber Bullying Behaviours
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FORMS OF CYBER BULLYING
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 369: Screen Culture
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 370: Technology Assessment of Information and Communication Technologies
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN THE IST FIELD
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 371: Towards an Interdisciplinary Socio-Technical Definition of Virtual Communities
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THEORETICAL UNDERPINNINGS IN SOCIO-TECHNICAL RESEARCH ON VIRTUAL COMMUNITIES
SOCIO-TECHNICAL LITERATURE DOMAINS DISCUSSING VIRTUAL COMMUNITIES
AN INTERDISCIPLINARY SOCIO-TECHNICAL DEFINITION OF VIRTUAL COMMUNITIES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 372: The Trajectivity of Virtual Worlds
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SECOND LIFE’S ARCADIA AS A VIRTUAL WORLD
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 373: Virtual Hoarding
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 50: Human Resources Management
Chapter 374: Cyberloafing and Constructive Recreation
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 375: Influencing People and Technology Using Human Resource Development (HRD) Philosophy
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE TRENDS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 376: Performance Appraisal
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
CLASSIFICATION OF PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL TOOLS
METHODOLOGY
DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSIONS
GAPS IN IMPLEMENTATION OF PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
RECENT TRENDS IN PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 377: Promoting Strategic Human Resource Management, Organizational Learning, and Knowledge Management in Modern Organizations
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
FACETS OF STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, ORGANIZATIONAL LEARNING, AND KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 378: Technology, Learning Styles, Values, and Work Ethics of Millennials
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
TECHNOLOGY, NARRATIVE ABOUT MILLENNIALS, AND THEIR VALUES
TECHNOLOGY AND LEARNING STYLES OF MILLENNIALS
TECHNOLOGY AND WORK ETHICS OF MILLENNIALS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 51: Industrial Engineering and Informatics
Chapter 379: Cuckoo Search Algorithm for Solving Real Industrial Multi-Objective Scheduling Problems
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
CUCKOO SEARCH ALGORITHM
CUCKOO BREEDING BEHAVIOUR
RULES OF CUCKOO SEARCH ALGORITHM
LÉVY FLIGHTS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 380: The Trends and Challenges of 3D Printing
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE TECHNICAL ISSUES OF 3D PRINTING
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 52: Information Resources Management
Chapter 381: Advanced Model of Complex Information System
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
INFORMATION PHYSICS
INFORMATION: PHYSICAL ANALOGIES
COMPLEX INFORMATION SYSTEMS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS: POSSIBLE EXAMPLE
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 382: Computer Information Library Clusters
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
DEFINITIONS AND NOTATIONS
BACKGROUND
CONSTITUTION OF “COMPUTER INFORMATION LIBRARY CLUSTERS” (CILC)
EXAMPLES OF “COMPUTER INFORMATION LIBRARY CLUSTERS” (CILC)
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 383: The Impact of the Impact of Meta-Data Mining From the SoReCom “A.S. de Rosa” @-Library
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
GEO-MAPPING THE GLOBAL DISSEMINATION OF THE SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS THEORY AND ITS IMPACT IN THE BIBLIOMETRIC CULTURE ERA
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 384: Information and Its Conceptual Perspectives
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPTS OF INFORMATION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
FINAL CONSIDERATIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 385: Open Data Repositories in Knowledge Society
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 386: Quantum Information Science Vis-à-Vis Information Schools
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND AND EXISTING LITERATURE
OBJECTIVE AND HYPOTHESIS
QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE [QIS] AS A DOMAIN AND GROWING INTERDISCIPLINARY NATURE
QIS AND TECHNOLOGICAL FEATURES
QIS: EMERGING APPLIED INFORMATION SCIENCE
INFORMATION SCHOOL VIS-A-VIS QIS AND QUANTUM COMPUTING
QIS: EMPOWERING RAPID AND QUICK INFORMATION SYSTEM
QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE (QIS): EMERGING FEATURES
SUBFIELDS OF QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE
FINDINGS
FUTURE RESEARCH POTENTIALITY AND DIRECTION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 387: Towards a General Theory of Information
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 53: Information Retrieval
Chapter 388: Analysis and Assessment of Cross-Language Question Answering Systems
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
METHODOLOGY
RESULTS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 389: Challenges in Collecting Qualitative Data for Information Systems Studies
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
RESEARCH QUALITATIVE DATA
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS: DATA SOURCE
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS: DATA COLLECTION PROCESS
MAJOR CHALLENGES IN AN INTERPRETIVE DATA COLLECTION PROCESS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 390: Cognitive and Psychological Factors in Cross-Language Information Retrieval
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
HUMAN AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF INFORMATION SEEKING
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 391: A Fast and Space-Economical Algorithm for the Tree Inclusion Problem
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
BASIC DEFINITIONS
MAIN IDEA: CUTS
ALGORITHM
CONCLUSION
FUTURE WORK
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 392: Information Seeking Models in the Digital Age
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 393: An Insight Into Deep Learning Architectures
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 394: Online Information Retrieval Systems Trending From Evolutionary to Revolutionary Approach
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
TRENDS IN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 54: IT Research and Theory
Chapter 395: Adaptive Networks for On-Chip Communication
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ADAPTIVE NETWORK-ON-CHIPS
ADAPTIVE TOPOLOGIES
ADAPTIVE ROUTERS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 396: Business Model Innovation-Oriented Technology Management for Emergent Technologies
ABSTRACT
THE CHALLENGE IN TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT
OBJECTIVES OF BUSINESS MODEL INNOVATION-ORIENTED TECHNOLGY MANAGEMENT
HOW TO ACHIEVE THE AFOREMENTIONED OBJECTIVES?
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 397: Cognitive Mapping in Support of Intelligent Information Systems
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
KNOWLEDGE PROCESS THROUGH CMs
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
APPENDIX
Chapter 398: Computer-Assisted Parallel Program Generation
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF COMPUTER-ASSISTED PROBLEM SOLVING ENVIRONMENT (PSE) IN SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
COMPUTER-ASSISTED PARALLEL PROGRAM GENERATION PSE - P-NCAS -
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 399: Constrained Nonlinear Optimization in Information Science
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
INEQUALITY CONSTRAINTS: KARUSH-KUHN–TUCKER NECESSARY AND SUFFICIENT CONDITIONS
FUTURE TRENDS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 400: Decimal Hardware Multiplier
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DECIMAL MULTIPLICATION
DECIMAL FIXED-POINT MULTIPLICATION
DECIMAL FLOATING-POINT MULTIPLICATION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 401: Digital Divide
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAPPING THE DIGITAL DIVIDE
BRIDGING THE DIGITAL DIVIDE
IMPETUS FOR RESOLVING THE DIGITAL DIVIDE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 402: Eight Tips for the Theme, “Data and Forecasts”
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
EIGHT TIPS
Issues
Controversies
Problems
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 403: Exploring New Handwriting Parameters for Writer Identification
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
NEW PARAMETERS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 404: Haptics-Based Systems Characteristics, Classification, and Applications
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: THE CONCEPT OF HAPTICS
HAPTICS-BASED SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
HAPTIC DEVICES CHARACTERISTICS AND CLASSIFICATION
APPLICATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 405: The Holon/Parton Structure of the Meme, or The Unit of Culture
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND TO THE PROBLEM
THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE
THE DEFINITION OF THE UNIT OF CULTURE AS: THE HOLON/PARTON
THE HOLON/PARTON AS THE UNIT OF CULTURE IN VARIOUS COMMUNICATION MEDIA
THE HOLON/PARTON AS THE UNIT OF STORY (THE NARREME)
ISSUES, CONTROVERSIES, AND PROBLEMS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 406: ICT Standardization
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SETTING ICT STANDARDS
MANAGING CORPORATE STANDARDIZATION
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 407: Immersing People in Scientific Knowledge and Technological Innovation Through Disney's Use of Installation Art
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND LITERATURE REVIEW
IMMERSIVE NARRATIVE V. IMMERSIVE PLAY
INSTALLATION FOR KNOWLEDGE PRESENTATION
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 408: Indicators of Information and Communication Technology
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR THE INFORMATION SOCIETY STATISTICS
INDICATORS OF ICT AND CONTENT-RELATED ACTIVITIES
INDICATORS OF ICT INFRASTRUCTURE
INDICATORS OF ICT USAGE BY BUSINESSES, HOUSEHOLDS (INDIVIDUALS), AND THE SOCIAL SPHERE (HEALTH AND EDUCATION)
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 409: Information Technologies and Social Change
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THEORETICAL APPROACHES
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND TECHNOLOGY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 410: iSchools Promoting “Information Science and Technology” (IST) Domain Towards Community, Business, and Society With Contemporary Worldwide Trend and Emerging Potentialities in India
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND AND ORIGIN OF I-SCHOOLS
METHODOLOGY
FEATURES OF I-SCHOOLS
I-SCHOOLS AND I-PROGRAMS: EXISTING AND POSSIBILITIES
I-SCHOOLS IN INDIA: CURRENT SCENARIO AND FUTURE POTENTIALS
WAY TO BUILD I-SCHOOLS IN INDIA
I-SCHOOLS AND ENGINEERING INFRASTRUCTURE IN INDIA
CHALLENGES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 411: Logic Programming for Intelligent Systems
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ANSWER SET PROGRAMS (ASP)
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 412: Methods for Improving Alias Rejections in Comb Filters
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
REVIEW OF THE METHODS BASED ON COMB ZERO ROTATION
REVIEW OF METHODS BASED ON DIFFERENT CONCEPTS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 413: A Paradoxical World and the Role of Technology in Thana-Capitalism
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
KNOWLEDGE IN THE SOCIETY OF RISK
THE RISE OF THANA CAPITALISM
CONCLUSION
LINES FOR FUTURE RESEARCH
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 414: Performance Measurement of Technology Ventures by Science and Technology Institutions
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 415: The Skills of European ICT Specialists
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ICT SPECIALISTS IDENTIFICATION AND DATA
DO EUROPEAN ICT SPECIALISTS PROVIDE BETTER SKILLS?
DO EUROPEAN ICT SPECIALISTS EARN HIGHER REWARDS?
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 416: A Trust Case-Based Model Applied to Agents Collaboration
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 417: Understanding and Assessing Quality of Models and Modeling Languages
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FRAMEWORK FOR QUALITY OF MODELS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 418: Utilizing Information Science and Technology in Franchise Organizations
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
UNDERSTANDING THE FRANCHISOR
UNDERSTANDING THE FRANCHISEE
DEVELOPING THE FRANCHISOR/FRANCHISEE FAMILY RELATIONSHIP
AN ATTENTION-BASED IT INFRASTRUCTURE IN FRANCHISE ORGANIZATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 55: IT Security and Ethics
Chapter 419: Computer Fraud Challenges and Its Legal Implications
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 420: Cost Estimation and Security Investment of Security Projects
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
SECURITY PROJECTS MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORKS
COST ESTIMATION MODELS FOR SECURITY PROJECTS
SECURITY INVESTMENT MODELS FOR SECURITY PROJECTS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 421: Development of Personal Information Privacy Concerns Evaluation
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
PRIVACY CONCERNS EVALUATION IN EVOLVING PERSONAL DATA INTENSIVE SERVICES
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 422: Digital Video Watermarking Using Diverse Watermarking Schemes
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
COMPARISON BETWEEN DIFFERENT SCHEMES
ALGORITHM RESULTS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 423: Ethical Computing Continues From Problem to Solution
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
REQUISITE COMPETENCE
ADDITIVE
REMEDIAL ACTION: FROM CONCEPT TO PRACTICE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 424: Group Signature System Using Multivariate Asymmetric Cryptography
INTRODUCTION
QUANTUN COMPUTING THREATENS
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE CHAPTER
COMPARISONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINTIONS
Chapter 425: Hexa-Dimension Code of Practice for Data Privacy Protection
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
RECOMMENDED SOLUTION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 426: Information and Communication Technology Ethics and Social Responsibility
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
“LIVING GOOD LIFE” AND “BEING A GOOD PERSON” IN THE INFORMATION AGE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 427: Intrusion Tolerance Techniques
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
INTRUSION TOLERANCE TECHNIQUES
FUTURE TRENDS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 428: New Perspectives of Pattern Recognition for Automatic Credit Card Fraud Detection
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SURROGATE DATA
SCORES AND LIKELIHOOD RATIO: A SIGNAL PROCESSING PERSPECTIVE FOR ACCFD
FUSION OF SCORES
KPI CURVES
SURROGATE AND FRAUD/LEGITIMATE RATIOS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 429: Privacy, Algorithmic Discrimination, and the Internet of Things
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
PRIVACY AND THE INTERNET OF THINGS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 430: The Protection Policy for Youth Online in Japan
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 431: Security of Identity-Based Encryption Algorithms
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
AN IBE SCHEME
PAIRINGS IN ELLIPTIC CURVE CRYPTOGRAPHY
THE BONEH-FRANKLIN SCHEME
COCKS SCHEME
AUTHENTICATED IBE
THE HIERARCHICAL IBE SCHEME
THE ARCHITECTURE OF AN IBE SYSTEM
SECURITY NOTIONS AMONG IBE SCHEMES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 432: Steganography Using Biometrics
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
LITERATURE SURVEY
STEGANOGRAPHY
BIOMETRICS
STEGANOGRAPHY USING BIOMETRICS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 433: Usable Security
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE CHAPTER
ISSUES, CONTROVERSIES, PROBLEMS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
THE SECONDARY GOAL
ABSTRACTION
THE HIDDEN FAILURE
THE BARN DOOR
THE WEAKEST LINK
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 56: Knowledge Management
Chapter 434: Boosting the Social Development of the Majority Through the Creation of a Wireless Knowledge Society
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES IN ICT FOR SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND POVERTY REDUCTION
A WIRELESS KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY
LESSONS LEARNED AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 435: Communities of Practice as a Source of Open Innovation
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
COMMUNITIES OF PRACTICE
RESULTS
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 436: Indigenous Knowledge Systems
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 437: Integrating Knowledge Management and Business Processes
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ROUTES TO IMPLEMENTING KM
PEOPLE, PROCESSES, AND TECHNOLOGY
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BUSINESS PROCESSES ROUTE TO KM
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 438: Intellectual Capital Measurement
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DISCUSSION ON THE INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL MEASUREMENT METHODS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 439: Knowledge Acquisition on Dante Alighieri's Works
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
DISCUSSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 440: Knowledge Management for Development (KM4D)
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE CHAPTER
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTE
Chapter 441: Knowledge Management From the Metaphorical Perspective
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
LANGUAGE AND KNOWLEDGE
METAPHORS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 442: Theory and Practice of Online Knowledge Sharing
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE CURRENT STATUS OF THE KNOWLEDGE LITERATURE
RESEARCH ON ONLINE KNOWLEDGE SHARING PRACTICES
MEASUREMENT OF ONLINE KNOWLEDGE SHARING
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 443: Visualization as a Knowledge Transfer
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
VISUALIZATION DOMAINS
CURRENT APPROACHES AND APPLICATIONS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 57: Language Studies
Chapter 444: Mobile Testing System for Developing Language Skills
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE PEDAGOGICAL POTENTIAL OF THE MOBILE TESTING SYSTEM PELE TO ENHANCE LANGUAGE LEARNING
METHODOLOGY
THE PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION AND RESEARCH DESIGN: METHODOLOGY OF PELE INTERVENTION
RESEARCH PARTICIPANTS
DATA COLLECTION
RESEARCH RESULTS AND DATA DISCUSSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 445: Nominalizations in Requirements Engineering Natural Language Models
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
VERB NOMINALIZATIONS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 446: Word Formation Study in Developing Naming Guidelines in the Translation of English Medical Terms Into Persian
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
THE RECOMMENDED GUIDELINES SPECIFIC TO THE TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH MEDICAL TERMS INTO PERSIAN
IMPLICATIONS
RECOMMENDATION FOR FURTHER STUDIES
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 58: Learning Assessment and Measurement
Chapter 447: Implicit Cognitive Vulnerability
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 448: Learning Analytics
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
LEARNING ANALYTICS DRIVERS AND BARRIERS
LEARNING ANALYTICS METHODS AND AREAS OF APPLICATIONS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 449: Predicting Students Grades Using Artificial Neural Networks and Support Vector Machine
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
IMPLEMENTATION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 450: The Relationship Between Online Formative Assessment and State Test Scores Using Multilevel Modeling
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
METHODS
DATA
MEASURES
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS AND LIMITATIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 59: Library Science and Administration
Chapter 451: Change Leadership Styles and Behaviors in Academic Libraries
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
LEADERSHIP STYLES THAT SUPPORT CHANGE
FURTHER RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 452: Changing Expectations of Academic Libraries
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ACADEMIC LIBRARIES RESPOND TO THE DIGITAL AGE
EDUCATION AND EXPERIENCE
VIRTUAL RESOURCES
MISSION STATEMENTS AND LIBRARY FUNCTIONS
CHALLENGES TO TRADITIONAL ROLES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 453: Digital Archives for Preserving and Communicating Architectural Drawings
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 454: Massive Digital Libraries (MDLs)
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: DEFINING MASSIVE DIGITAL LIBRARIES
REPRESENTATIVE MDLS
MDLs: MAJOR ISSUES AND CONTROVERSIES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS: IMPACT OF THE DIGITIZED BOOK CORPUS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 455: Mission, Tools, and Ongoing Developments in the So.Re.Com. “A.S. de Rosa” @-library
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MISSION
RESEARCH DIRECTIONS: THE FUTURE IS ONGOING!
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 456: Social Media Applications as Effective Service Delivery Tools for Librarians
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 457: Web 2.0 From Evolution to Revolutionary Impact in Library and Information Centers
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
WEB 2.0 SERVICE AND THEIR APPLICATION IN LIBRARIES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 60: Logistics and Supply Chain Management
Chapter 458: Barcodes vs. RFID and Its Continued Success in Manufacturing and Services
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CASE STUDIES OF BARCODES IN USE
CONTINUED SUCCESS OF BARCODES
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 459: Becoming Smart, Innovative, and Socially Responsible in Supply Chain Collaboration
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
SMART, INNOVATIVE AND SOCIALLY RESPONSIVE COLLABORATION
COLLABORATION MATURITY MODEL
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 460: Concept and Practices of Cyber Supply Chain in Manufacturing Context
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
LITERATURE REVIEW
STAGES AND TYPES OF INTEGRATION
CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS AND ENABLERS
CYBER SUPPLY CHAIN BENEFITS
CYBER SUPPLY CHAIN (CSC) RISKS
PROTECTING CSC NETWORK
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATION
DISCUSSION AND FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 461: The Concept of Modularity in the Context of IS Project Outsourcing
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CASE INTRODUCTION
METHODOLOGY
FINDINGS: ANALYZING IS OUTSOURCING FAILURE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION, CONTRIBUTIONS, AND LIMITATIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 462: Developing Global Supply Chain Manager for Business Expansion
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 463: Discrete Event Simulation in Inventory Management
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE USE OF SIMULATION IN CREATING POLICIES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF PERISHABLE INVENTORY
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 464: E-Business Supply Chains Drivers, Metrics, and ERP Integration
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
TRADITIONAL SUPPLY CHAINS
E-SCs VS. TRADITIONAL SUPPLY CHAINS
E-SC INTEGRATION WITH ERP
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KET TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 465: Ecological Performance as a New Metric to Measure Green Supply Chain Practices
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ENVIRONMENT PERFORMANCE
ECOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 466: E-Commerce in Logistics and Supply Chain Management
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
TRENDS OF E-COMMERCE IN LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAINS
INTEGRATED E-COMMERCE
E-COMMERCE LOGISTICS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 467: Exploring Drivers of Closed Loop Supply Chain in Malaysian Automotive Industry
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CLOSED LOOP SUPPLY CHAIN
DRIVERS OF CLOSED LOOP SUPPLY CHAIN IN AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 468: From Business-to-Business Software Startup to SAP's Acquisition
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
INTERNAL FACTORS
EXTERNAL FACTORS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 469: An Integrated Approach to Supply Chain Simulation
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SUPPLY CHAIN MODELING AND SIMULATION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 470: Latest Advances on Benders Decomposition
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
BENDERS DECOMPOSITION APPROACH
FUTURE TRENDS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 471: Lean Logistics of the Transportation of Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) in the Palm Oil Industry
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SIGNIFICANT OF STUDY
UNDERLYING THEORY
RESEARCH THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
THE CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
IMPLICATIONS ON FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 472: Major Techniques and Current Developments of Supply Chain Process Modelling
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
FUTURE TRENDS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 473: Measuring Low Carbon Supply Chain
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
METHODOLOGY
FINDINGS
DISCUSSION, FUTURE RESEARCH, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 474: Missing Part of Halal Supply Chain Management
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ISLAMIC FINANCING SYSTEM TO SUPPORT OPERATIONS OF HALAL SUPPLY CHAIN
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 475: Notions of Maritime Green Supply Chain Management
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 476: Offshoring IT
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 477: Pricing Based on Real-Time Analysis of Forklift Utilization Using RFID in Warehouse Management
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
RFID AND WAREHOUSE MANAGEMENT
PROBLEM STATEMENT
INTRODUCTION TO DEVELOPED FORKLIFT TRACKING SYSTEM
FORKLIFT TRACKING SOFTWARE
CASE STUDY: PRICING BASED ON REAL-TIME ANALYSIS OF FORKLIFT UTULIZATION
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 478: Profit Maximizing Network Modeling With Inventory and Capacity Considerations
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 479: Radio Frequency Identification Systems Within a Lean Supply Chain in a Global Environment
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE: BUSINESS CASE FOR RFID IN SCM TO IMPROVE LEAN OBJECTIVES
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 480: Reflections of the 1Malaysia Supply Chain (1MSC)
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SUPPLY CHAIN INTEGRATION (SCI)
1 MALAYSIA SUPPLY CHAIN (1MSC)
NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INCUBATOR (NDI)
BENEFITS OF 1MALAYSIA SUPPLY CHAIN (1MSC)
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 481: A Review of Advances in Supply Chain Intelligence
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SUPPLY CHAIN INTELLIGENCE MODEL
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 482: A Review of Supply Chain Risk Management in Agribusiness Industry
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
SUGGESTION FOR FUTURE RESEARCH
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 483: The Role of Emerging Information Technologies for Supporting Supply Chain Management
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DISCUSSION AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 484: Samsung Company and an Analysis of Supplier-Side Supply Chain Management and IT Applications
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 485: Simulating Complex Supply Chain Relationships Using Copulas
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
The Copula Approach for Generating Random Variates
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE AND RESEARCH
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
Chapter 486: Using RFID and Barcode Technologies to Improve Operations Efficiency Within the Supply Chain
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CASE 1: GOODYEAR TIRE AND RUBBER COMPANY
CASE 2: SHERWIN-WILLIAMS, INC.
CASE 3: SURGERE COMPANY
CASE 4: THE KENNEDY GROUP
MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 61: Management Science
Chapter 487: The Business Transformation Framework for Managers in Transformation Projects
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND DESIGN
BUSINESS DATA ACCESS ARCHITECTURE AND AGILITY
UNIFYING THE DATA SOURCES AND ENTERPRISE DATA NORMALIZATION
DATA ARCHITECTURE AND MODELLING
THE PROOF OF CONCEPT
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 488: Contemporary Leadership Development in Kazakhstan
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CURRENT PERSPECTIVES
CORRELATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 489: Empirical Verification of the Performance Measurement System
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CASE DESCRIPTION AND DISCUSSION
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 490: Lack of Characteristics Management Causing Biggest Projects Failure
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
PROJECT MANAGER COMMON MISTAKE STORIES
ESCAPING PROJECT CATACLYSMS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 491: Making Sense of IS Project Stories
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DESCRIBING FAILURE
FROM CASE STUDIES TO CASE HISTORIES
FUTURE TRENDS: EMERGING NARRATIVES
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 492: The Measurement and Recognition of Intellectual Capital in the Process of Accounting Convergence Trends and Patterns
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CHALLENGES ACCOUNTING FOR INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL: STAKES, ADVANTAGES AND LIMITS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 493: Project Control Using a Bayesian Approach
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FORECASTING BIAS
EARNED VALUE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
BAYESIAN APPROACH
CASE STUDIES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 494: Shaping Mega-Science Projects and Practical Steps for Success
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
RESEARCH FOCUS AND FINDINGS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 495: Staying Ahead in Business Through Innovation
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
TRENDS IN MANAGEMENT CONCEPTS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 496: Sustainable Competitive Advantage With the Balanced Scorecard Approach
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
BALANCED SCORECARD
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 497: Transformational Leadership for Academic Libraries in Nigeria
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP
AREAS TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP CAN APPLY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA
NURTURING FUTURE TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERS IN LIBRARIANSHIP
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 62: Marketing
Chapter 498: Are Social Marketing Investments Used as a Tool for Voluntary Reporting or Disclosure?
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 499: The Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Personal Assistants on Marketing
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: APPLICATIONS OF AI BY MARKETERS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS: THE FUTURE OF VIRTUAL ASSISTANTS
NEW RULES: NEW ROLES
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 500: Marketing and Marketing Plan for Information Services
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MARKETING-MIX: THE FOUR ‘P’S’
MARKET SEGMENTATION
POSITIONING
MARKETING AND COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
MARKETING PLAN
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 501: A Neuroaesthetic Approach to the Search of Beauty From the Consumer's Perspective
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 502: Social Media Use and Customer Engagement
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
EMPIRICAL STUDY
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE RESEARCH LINES
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 63: Medical Education, Ethics, and Law
Chapter 503: Comprehensive E-Learning Appraisal System
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 504: Flipping the Medical School Classroom
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
APPENDIX
Chapter 505: Integrating Evidence-Based Practice in Athletic Training Though Online Learning
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 506: Integrating Web-Based Technologies Into the Education and Training of Health Professionals
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SIGNIFICANT QUESTIONS AND ISSUES IN ONLINE LEARNING AND INSTRUCTION IN HEALTH
WEB-BASED HEALTH PROMOTION
RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE TRENDS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 507: Interactivity in Distance Education and Computer-Aided Learning, With Medical Education Examples
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTE
Chapter 508: Medical Equipment and Economic Determinants of Its Structure and Regulation in the Slovak Republic
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ANALYSIS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 509: Use of Technology in Problem-Based Learning in Health Science
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 64: Medical Technologies
Chapter 510: Defining and Characterising the Landscape of eHealth
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 511: Kinect Applications in Healthcare
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
APPLICATIONS REVIEW
FUTURE TRENDS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 512: Neuroscience Technology and Interfaces for Speech, Language, and Musical Communication
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FROM PROSTHETICS TO BIONICS
FURTHER RESEARCH DIRECTIONS: ESTABLISHING A BCI MODEL FOR ORAL AND AURAL COMMUNICATION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 513: Personalized Medicine
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND AND MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Chapter 514: Pervasive Mobile Health
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MOBILE HEALTH
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 515: Radio Frequency Identification Technologies and Issues in Healthcare
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
DISCUSSION
IMPLICATIONS IN THE HOSPITAL SETTING
CONCLUSION
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 516: Social Telerehabilitation
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 517: A Validation Study of Rehabilitation Exercise Monitoring Using Kinect
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
VALIDATION STUDY
FUTURE TRENDS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 518: Virtual Reality as Distraction Technique for Pain Management in Children and Adolescents
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
VIRTUAL REALITY ANALGESIA FOR CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 65: Mobile and Wireless Computing
Chapter 519: Biogeography-Based Optimization Applied to Wireless Communications Problems
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
BIOGEOGRAPHY-BASED OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM
APPLICATIONS, RESULTS, AND DISCUSSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 520: BYOD (Bring Your Own Device), Mobile Technology Providers, and Its Impacts on Business/Education and Workplace/Learning Applications
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CASE STUDY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 521: Cell Phone Conversation and Relative Crash Risk Update
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
RECENT SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE ABOUT TALK RELATIVE CRASH RISK
META-ANALYSIS TALK RR ESTIMATE
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
APPENDIX
Chapter 522: Comb Filters Characteristics and Current Applications
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
METHODS TO IMPROVE THE MAGNITUDE CHARACTERISTICS OF COMB FILTERS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 523: Consumer Adoption of PC-Based/Mobile-Based Electronic Word-of-Mouth
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 524: Context-Aware Personalization for Mobile Services
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CONTEXT-AWARE MEDIA PERSONALIZATION FOR SMARTPHONE USERS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 525: Design of Compensators for Comb Decimation Filters
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
REVIEW OF METHODS FOR DESIGN OF COMB COMPENSATORS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 526: An Empirical Study of Mobile/Handheld App Development Using Android Platforms
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ANDROID APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT
A SIMPLE ANDROID APP EXAMPLE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 527: Enhancing the Mobile User Experience Through Colored Contrasts
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
METHODOLOGY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 528: Ethical Ambiguities in the Privacy Policies of Mobile Health and Fitness Applications
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
IDENTIFYING PRIVACY RISKS IN HEALTH AND FITNESS APPLICATION PRIVACY POLICIES
RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 529: Exploring the Growth of Wireless Communications Systems and Challenges Facing 4G Networks
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 530: Flying Adhoc Networks Concept and Challenges
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FANET CHALLENGES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 531: Health Wearables Turn to Fashion
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 532: Human Psychomotor Performance Under the Exposure to Mobile Phones-Like Electromagnetic Fields
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE ABOUT MOBILE PHONE INFLUENCE ON HUMAN PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 533: Identification of Wireless Devices From Their Physical Layer Radio-Frequency Fingerprints
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
RF FINGERPRINTING METHODOLOGY
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 534: The Impact of Mobile Phones on Plastic Surgery and Burn Management
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CURRENT SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE ON THE USE OF MOBILE PHONES IN PLASTIC SURGERY AND BURNS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 535: The Intersection of Religion and Mobile Technology
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
KEY THEMES IN RELIGION AND MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
RELIGIOUS MEANING-MAKING IN MOBILE CULTURE
EMERGING TRENDS AND FUTURE RESEARCH
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 536: Methods for Simultaneous Improvement of Comb Pass Band and Folding Bands
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DESCRIPTION OF METHODS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 537: Micro to Macro Social Connectedness Through Mobile Phone Engagement
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOCIAL CONNECTEDNESS: MOBILE COMMERCE, GAMING, AND HEALTH
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 538: Mobile Applications for Automatic Object Recognition
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MV DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGIES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 539: Mobile Apps Threats
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 540: Mobile Technologies Impact on Economic Development in Sub-Saharan Africa
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 541: Mobile Virtual Reality to Enhance Subjective Well-Being
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
HUMAN COMPUTER INTERACTION AND DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR MOBILE VIRTUAL REALITY
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 542: Novel Methods to Design Low-Complexity Digital Finite Impulse Response (FIR) Filters
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
EFFICIENT METHODS TO DESIGN FIR FILTERS WITH NARROW TRANSITION BANDS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 543: Open Source
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 544: Power Consumption in Wireless Access Networks
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
CURRENT AND FUTURE TRENDS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 545: Resource Management for Multimedia Services in Long Term Evaluation Networks
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS
CURRENT AND FUTURE TRENDS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 546: SMS & Civil Unrest
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
OFFICIAL RESPONSES TO SMS IN SOCIAL PROTESTS
CURRENT SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 547: A Survey of People Localization Techniques Utilizing Mobile Phones
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
INDOOR/OUTDOOR DETECTION
INDOOR LOCALIZATION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 548: Technological Innovation and Use in the Early Days of Camera Phone Photo Messaging
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
EARLY CAMERA PHONE USER STUDIES
MOBLOGGING AS MMS INNOVATION
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 549: Viterbi Decoder in Hardware
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
VITERBI DECODER IN HARDWARE
VITERBI DECODER PARALLELIZATION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 550: Wireless Implant Communications Using the Human Body
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: IMPLANT COMMUNICATION IN THE WBAN ARCHITECTURE
THE HUMAN BODY AS A CHANNEL FOR IMPLANT COMMUNICATIONS
GALVANICALLY COUPLED IBC MODEL FOR IMPLANT COMMUNICATION
VOLUME CONDUCTION THEORY FOR IMPLANT COMMUNICATION
POTENTIAL DISTRIBUTION: AN EXAMPLE SCENARIO
PATH LOSS AND POTENTIAL DISTRIBUTION
THE HUMAN BODY ANTENNA: IN TRANSMISSION MODE
THE AXIAL CURRENT DENSITY IN THE ANKLE
THE IMPLANTED TOROIDAL INDUCTOR
THE PERFORMANCE OF THE WHOLE SYSTEM IN TRANSMISSION MODE
THE IMPLANTED TOROID INDUCTOR: AN ILLUSTRATIVE SCENARIO
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 66: Mobile Learning
Chapter 551: E-Collaborative Learning (e-CL)
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
HUMAN ELEMENTS
SUPPORTIVE ELEMENTS (TPACK)
FRAMEWORK ELEMENTS
e-CL PROCESS
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 552: Learning With Mobile Devices
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CURRENT SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE IN MOBILE LEARNING
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 553: Mobile Game-Based Learning
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 554: Mobile Game-Based Learning in STEM Subjects
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CURRENT SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE IN SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS LEARNING GAMES FOR MOBILE PLATFORMS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 555: Mobile Learning in and out of the K-12 Classroom
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
PIONEERING SCHOLARS
CURRENT SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE IN K-12 EDUCATION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 556: A Psychological Perspective on Mobile Learning
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: APPROACHES TO MOBILE LEARNING
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 557: The Role of Distance Education in Global Education
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ADVANCED ISSUES OF DISTANCE EDUCATION IN GLOBAL EDUCATION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 67: Multimedia Technology
Chapter 558: Adaptive Hypermedia Systems
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
METHODS AND TECHNIQUES
APPLICATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 559: Group Synchronization for Multimedia Systems
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 560: Metadata Standards in Digital Audio
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
EMBEDDED METADATA IN DIGITAL AUDIO FILE FORMATS
DESCRIPTIVE METADATA
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 561: Multimedia-Enabled Dot Codes as Communication Technologies
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 562: Semantically Enhanced Authoring of Shared Media
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SEMANTICALLY ENHANCED MULTIMEDIA
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 563: Transmedia and Transliteracy in Nemetical Analysis
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: TERMS AND CONCEPTS
NEMETICS RESEARCH ON TRANSMEDIA AND TRANSLITERACY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 68: Networking and Telecommunications
Chapter 564: Autonomic Cooperative Communications
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SYSTEM COMPONENTS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 565: Clique Size and Centrality Metrics for Analysis of Real-World Network Graphs
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
CLIQUE
REAL-WORLD NETWORK GRAPHS AND CORRELATION STUDIES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 566: Distributed Methods for Multi-Sink Wireless Sensor Networks Formation
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CLASSIFICATION OF MULTI-SINK TECHNIQUES
DISTRIBUTED APPROACHES USING MULTI-SINK ENVIRONMENTS
A DISTRIBUTED METHOD FOR MULTI-SINK ENVIRONMENTS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 567: A Graph-Intersection-Based Algorithm to Determine Maximum Lifetime Communication Topologies for Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
NETWORK MODEL AND ASSUMPTIONS
GENERIC ALGORITHM TO DETERMINE MAXIMUM LIFETIME COMMUNICATION TOPOLOGY
SIMULATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 568: Improving Quality of Business in Next Generation Telecom Networks
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
PRICING AND QUALITY ISSUES IN NGN
A MODEL FOR QUALITY OF BUSINESS IMPROVEMENT
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 569: Information-Centric Networking
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 570: Interoperability Frameworks for Distributed Systems
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE FOUNDATIONS OF INTEROPERABILITY
A MULTIDIMENSIONAL INTEROPERABILITY FRAMEWORK
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 571: Neural Networks and Their Accelerated Evolution From an Economic Analysis Perspective
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS STRUCTURE
NEURAL NETWORKS ARCHITECTURE
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL NEURAL NETWORKS STRUCTURE
CLASSIFICATION OF THE NEURAL NETWORKS
THE USE OF NEURAL NETWORKS IN ECONOMICS
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 572: Optimization of Antenna Arrays and Microwave Filters Using Differential Evolution Algorithms
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
APPLICATIONS, RESULTS, AND DISCUSSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 573: QoS Architectures for the IP Network
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE MULTI-PROTOCOL LABEL SWITCHING (MPLS) ARCHITECTURE
THE DIFFERENTIATED SERVICE (DIFFSERV) ARCHITECTURE
DIFFSERV WITH MPLS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 574: Throughput Dependence on SNR in IEEE802.11 WLAN Systems
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF STUDY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 69: Neural Networks
Chapter 575: Applications of Artificial Neural Networks in Economics and Finance
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 576: Artificial Neural Networks and Their Applications in Business
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND: ANN PROPERTIES
DECISIONS IN DEVELOPING ANNs
SELECTING AND SPECIFYING ANN ARCHITECTURE
APPLICATIONS OF ANNs IN BUSINESS
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 577: Recurrent Neural Networks for Predicting Mobile Device State
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
PREDICTING MOBILE DEVICES STATES USING RNN
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 70: Optical Engineering
Chapter 578: Visible Light Communication Numerous Applications
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
VLC APPLICATIONS
DISCUSSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 71: Public Sector Management
Chapter 579: Community Outreach
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 580: Exploring “Hacking,” Digital Public Art, and Implication for Contemporary Governance
INTRODUCTION
CONCEPTUAL BACKGROUND: THE “HACKING” FOLKLORE
“HACKING”: AND ITS SOCIAL CONTEXT
FROM THEORY TO DESIGN APPLICATION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 581: Political Context Elements in Public Policy of Radio Frequency Information Technology and Electromagnetic Fields
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
POLITICAL CONTEXT ELEMENTS AND VOLUNTARY INITIATIVES
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 582: Public Policies for Providing Cloud Computing Services to SMEs of Latin America
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND/CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROVIDING CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES TO SMEs OF LATIN AMERICA
PUBLIC POLICIES FOR CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 72: Research Methods and Scholarly Publishing
Chapter 583: Advancement and Application of Scientometric Indicators for Evaluation of Research Content
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SCIENTOMETRIC INDICATORS
TYPES OF SCIENTOMETRIC INDICATORS
PROMINENT SCIENTOMETRIC INDICATORS
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 584: Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 585: The Nature of Research Methodologies
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BRIEF HISTORY OF RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES
THE USAGE OF RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS: RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES: TRENDS (BLOGS, WEBINARS, VIRTUAL INTERCEPTS, AND VIRTUAL REALITY)
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 586: Research Methodology
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
OBJECTIVE OF RESEARCH
CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH
TYPES OF RESEARCH
RESEARCH APPROACHES
RESEARCH PROCESS
IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH
RESEARCH METHODS AND RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
CRITERIA OF GOOD RESEARCH
PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED BY RESEARCHERS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 587: Scholarly Identity in an Increasingly Open and Digitally Connected World
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
COMMONALITIES AND DIFFERENCES
DIFFICULTIES AND IMPLICATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 73: Risk Assessment
Chapter 588: Fuzzy Logic Approach in Risk Assessment
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
USING FUZZY LOGIC TO IDENTIFY THE LEVEL OF RISK
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 589: Predictive Analytics and Intelligent Risk Detection in Healthcare Contexts
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
PILOT STUDY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 590: Stress Testing Corporations and Municipalities and Supply Chains
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE CASE FOR STRESS TESTING CORPORATE ENTITIES, INCLUDING NON-PROFITS AND SUPPLY CHAINS
THE CASE FOR STRESS TESTING MUNICIPALITIES
A CORPORATE STRESS TEST STUDY EXAMPLE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTION RELATIVE TO INSOLVENCY RISK MANAGEMENT
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 74: Robotics
Chapter 591: Binary Decision Diagram Reliability for Multiple Robot Complex System
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 592: A Bio-Inspired, Distributed Control Approach to the Design of Autonomous Cooperative Behaviors in Multiple Mobile Robot Systems
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
HIERARCHICAL DISTRIBUTED ARCHITECTURE FOR BEHAVIOR BASED MOBILE ROBOT CONTROL
MODELING AND DESIGN OF ROBOTIC TASKS
SOFTWARE CONTROL OF MOBILE ROBOTS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 593: Improving Dependability of Robotics Systems
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
REDUCTION ALGORITHM
FAULT TREE SYNTHESIS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 594: Robotics and Programming Integration as Cognitive-Learning Tools
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
APPENDIX
Chapter 595: State of the Art and Key Design Challenges of Telesurgical Robotics
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
BACKGROUND
STATE-OF-THE-ART
KEY DESIGN APPROACHES AND CHALLENGES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 596: Telesurgical Robotics and a Kinematic Perspective
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
PREVALENT KINEMATIC STRUCTURES
FACTORS SHAPING THE KINEMATICS
ISSUES AND DESIGN CHALLENGES
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 597: Using Global Appearance Descriptors to Solve Topological Visual SLAM
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
APPEARANCE-BASED SLAM
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 75: Small and Medium Enterprises
Chapter 598: Big Data and Simulations for the Solution of Controversies in Small Businesses
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS ON EXISTING CONTRAST
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 599: Financing Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in Indian Industry
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND AND LITERATURE REVIEW
CREDIT FLOW TO SMALL BUSINESS IN INDIA
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES WITH SMALL FIRM FINANCING IN INDIA AND HOW TECHNOLOGY MAY CHANGE THE GAME
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTE
Chapter 600: Software Development Process Standards for Very Small Companies
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
STRUCTURE OF ISO/IEC 29110
IMPLEMENTING THE ISO/IEC 29110 STANDARD
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 76: Social Networking and Computing
Chapter 601: Adolescents' Food Communication in Social Media
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FOOD CONTENTS IN NUMEROUS SOCIAL MEDIA
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS THAT CAN ADVISE RESEARCH
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 602: Agent-Based Social Networks
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DECENTRALIZED SOCIAL NETWORKS
AGENT-BASED SOCIAL NETWORKS
FURTHER RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 603: Aspects of Various Community Detection Algorithms in Social Network Analysis
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
COMMUNITY DETECTION ALGORITHMS: NEW AND OLD
The Girvan-Newman Algorithm
NEWMAN’S FAST ALGORITHM
THE LOUVAIN ALGORITHM
OVERLAPPING NODE DETECTION TO IMPROVE COMMUNITY CLUSTERING
FUZZY – ROUGH COMMUNITIES IN FUZZY GRANULAR SOCIAL NETWORKS (FRC – FGSN)
GRANLOUV: A PROPOSED COMMUNITY DETECTION ALGORITHM
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 604: Classification of Traffic Events Notified in Social Networks' Texts
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DATA TREATMENT TO DETECT TRAFFIC EVENTS ON TEXTS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 605: Communication Privacy Management and Mediated Communication
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
COMMUNICATION PRIVACY MANAGEMENT THEORY
APPLYING CPM TO MEDIATED COMMUNICATION CONTEXTS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 606: The Dual Nature of Participatory Web and How Misinformation Seemingly Travels
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 607: Effective Cultural Communication via Information and Communication Technologies and Social Media Use
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF RESEARCH: CULTURAL ORGANIZATIONS, CULTURAL MARKETING, AND ICTS
HOW ARE ICTs AND SOCIAL MEDIA EMPLOYED WITHIN THE CULTURAL COMMUNICATION PROCESS
RECOMMENDATIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 608: From the Psychoanalyst's Couch to Social Networks
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SPONTANEOUS CONVERSATIONS
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 609: The Internet Behavior of Older Adults
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
OLDER ADULTS AS ACTIVE INTERNET USERS
OBSTACLES TO OLDER ADULTS’ INTERNET USE
CONSUMER IMPLICATIONS OF OLDER ADULTS’ INTERNET BEHAVIORS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 610: Issues and Challenges in Enterprise Social Media
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ISSUES IN ESM USAGE AND KNOWLEDGE SHARING
CHALLENGES IN ESM DESIGN AND ADOPTION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 611: Mapping the Dissemination of the Theory of Social Representations via Academic Social Networks
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ACADEMIC SOCIAL NETWORKS AND SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 612: The NetLab Network
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
GUIDING PRINCIPLES
BACKGROUND
COMPUTER NETWORKS MEET SOCIAL NETWORKS
COMMUNITY AND HOUSEHOLD STUDIES
SOCIAL CAPITAL
NETWORKED STRUCTURES
DEVELOPING NETWORK METHODS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 613: Online Dating/Dating Apps
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 614: Online Prosocial Behaviors
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CHARACTERISTICS OF ONLINE PROSOCIAL BEHAVIORS
PROSOCIAL BEHAVIORS IN THE CYBER CONTEXT
VALUE OF ONLINE PROSOCIAL BEHAVIORS
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 615: Online Social Networking Behavior and Its Influence Towards Students' Academic Performance
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
STUDENTS’ PRACTICES OF OSN AND BEHAVIOR
USE OF ONLINE SOCIAL NETWORKING
ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE USE OF OSN AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 616: Parental Mediation of Adolescent Technology Use
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CURRENT SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE IN PARENTAL MEDIATION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 617: The Qualities and Potential of Social Media
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SOCIAL MEDIA
SOCIAL MEDIA CAUSING A CHANGE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 618: Short History of Social Networking and Its Far-Reaching Impact
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE COMPETITIVE SOCIAL NETWORKING SERVICES
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPACT
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 619: Social Media and Business Practices
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
REVENUE MODELS OF SM
SM PLATFORMS IN BUSINESSES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTE
Chapter 620: Social Media Credit Scoring
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 621: Social Network Analysis and the Study of University Industry Relations
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE LITERATURE REVIEW
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 622: Social Networking and Knowledge Sharing in Organizations
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOCIAL NETWORKING AND KNOWLEDGE SHARING
ADOPTION ISSUES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 623: Understanding the Potentials of Social Media in Collaborative Learning
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOCIAL MEDIA
SOCIAL MEDIA AND WEB 2.0
COLLABORATIVE LEARNING
POTENTIALS OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN COLLABORATIVE LEARNING
DISCUSSIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 624: Using Social Media to Increase the Recruitment of Clinical Research Participants
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 625: Why It Is Difficult to Disengage From Facebook
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 77: Socio-Economic Development
Chapter 626: Community Science and Technology and Its Meaning to Potential Requirement
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
COMMUNITY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (CST): BASICS WITH POSSIBLE NOMENCLATURESH AND FUTURE POTENTIALITIES
COMMUNITY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (CST) AND ACADEMICS
INFORMATION SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY (IST) VIS-À-VIS COMMUNITY SCIENCES & TECHNOLOGY (CST)
CURRICULLUM OF INFORMATION SCIENCE: CST POTENTIALITY
CHALLENGES AND FINDINGS
RESEARCH DIRECTION AND SUGGESTION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
APPENDIX
Chapter 627: Financial Inclusion, Content, and Information Technologies in Latin America
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CYBER INSTRUMENTS AND FINANCIAL INCLUSION
REMINDERS INCREASE SAVINGS
EXPANDING FINANCIAL LITERACY
THE IMPORTANCE OF CONTENT
A LONG WAY TO GO
ESCAPING POVERTY THROUGH TECHNOLOGY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 628: The Growing Impact of ICT on Development in Africa
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ICT IN AFRICA
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTE
Chapter 629: Manufacturing vs. Services and the Role of Information Technology
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MANUFACTURING VS. SERVICES-THE INDIAN EXPERIENCE
MANUFACTURING VS. SERVICES-FROM THE EMPLOYMENT PERSPECTIVE
MANUFACTURING VS. SERVICES-EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES OF INDIA
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 630: New Faces of Digital Divide and How to Bridge It
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 631: The Potential Role of the Software Industry in Supporting Economic Development
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH QUESTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 632: Socio-Economic Processes, User Generated Content, and Media Pluralism
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OVERVIEW: MEDIA PLURALISM
CONCENTRATION OF MEDIA OWNERSHIP
USER GENERATED CONTENT, COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AND MEDIA PLURALISM
SOCIO CULTURAL PROCESSES AND MEDIA PLURALISM
ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS AND MEDIA PLURALISM
RECOMMENDATIONS TO AGENTS INVOLVED IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MEDIA PLURALISM
MEDIA PLURALISM: WHERE NEXT? FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 78: Sociology
Chapter 633: Bipolar Model in Collective Choice
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
BIPOLAR APPROACH FOR SOLVING COLLECTIVE CHOICE PROBLEM
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 634: Censorship in the Digital Age the World Over
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CENSORSHIP IN THE MODERN WORLD
CURRENT PERSPECTIVES ON CENSORSHIP
ACTIVISTS AND ORGANIZATIONS WORKING AGAINST CENSORSHIP
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 635: Information-Based Revolution in Military Affairs
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
REVOLUTION IN MILITARY AFFAIRS: ASSUMPTION AND PRACTICE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 636: The Networked Effect of Children and Online Digital Technologies
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
A BRIEF EXPLANATION ABOUT METHODOLOGY AND ETHICS
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTES
Chapter 637: Suggestions for Communication of Information for Multicultural Co-Existence
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MACHINE TRANSLATION
CHALLENGES AND COMMUNICATION OF INFORMATION IN JAPAN’S LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
PROPOSALS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 638: Vitalizing Ancient Cultures Mythological Storytelling in Metal Music
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
METAL MUSIC AND MYTHOLOGY: ROOTS AND CULTURAL CONNECTION
MYTHOLOGICAL STORYTELLING IN METAL MUSIC
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 79: Sports and Entertainment
Chapter 639: Mining Sport Activities
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MINING THE SPORTS ACTIVITIES
CURRENT APPLICATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 640: Sport Exergames for Physical Education
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 80: Systems and Software Engineering
Chapter 641: Adopting Open Source Software in Smartphone Manufacturers' Open Innovation Strategy
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
LITERATURE REVIEWS
WHY OSS PREVAIL IN SMARTPHONES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 642: Assessing Computer-Aided Design Skills
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
DIFFICULTIES OF ASSESSING CAD KNOWLEDGE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 643: The Challenges of Teaching and Learning Software Programming to Novice Students
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 644: Developing a Glossary for Software Projects
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 645: Displaying Hidden Information in Glossaries
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
LEL GRAPH CONSTRUCTION USING DIRECTED FORCES
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 646: Dynamic Situational Adaptation of a Requirements Engineering Process
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
A REQUIREMENTS ENGINEERING PROCESS ADAPTABLE TO SITUATIONAL FACTORS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 647: A Formal Approach to the Distributed Software Control for Automated Multi-Axis Manufacturing Machines
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FORMAL APPROACH TO CONTROL SYSTEM DESIGN BASED ON PETRI NETS
SYNTHESIS OF HIERARCHICAL DISTRIBUTED NET MODELS FOR MACHINE TASK EXECUTION
DESIGN OF NET BASED CONTROL SPECIFICATIONS FOR AUTOMATED MACHINES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 648: Model-Driven Software Modernization
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOFTWARE MODERNIZATION TECHNIQUES
A MODEL-DRIVEN MODERNIZATION FRAMEWORK
CHALLENGES ON ADM-BASED MODERNIZATION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 649: Mutation Testing Applied to Object-Oriented Languages
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MUTATION TESTING OVERVIEW
MUTATION TESTING AT THE CLASS LEVEL
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 650: Object-Oriented Programming in Computer Science
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
1. OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING FEATURES
2. OOP DESIGN
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 651: The Past, Present, and Future of UML
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE EVOLUTION OF UML
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 652: Petri Nets Identification Techniques for Automated Modelling of Discrete Event Processes
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 653: Research and Development on Software Testing Techniques and Tools
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOFTWARE TESTING TECHNIQUES
TEST DESIGN TOOLS
LOAD AND PERFORMANCE TESTING TOOLS
TEST MANAGEMENT TOOLS
SOURCE CODE TESTING TOOLS
DATA FLOW TESTING
LOGIC BASED TESTING
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 654: The Role of Feedback in Software Process Assessment
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FEEDBACK IN SOFTWARE PROCESS ASSESSMENT
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 655: Secure Software Development of Cyber-Physical and IoT Systems
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CPS AND IoT ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS: FUNCTIONS VS. ATTRIBUTES
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 656: Software Literacy
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SOFTWARE LITERACY
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 657: Software Process Improvement for Web-Based Projects Comparative View
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND ON WEB-BASED SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
RELATED WORKS AND RATIONALE OF SPI
ANALYSIS OF THE RESISTANCE FACTORS IN WEB-BASED PROJECTS
SOFTWARE PROCESS IMPROVEMENT MODELS AND STANDARDS
CAPABILITY MATURITY MODEL
CAPABILITY MATURITY MODEL INTEGRATION
TRILLIUM
HEALTHCHECK
SOFTWARE PROCESS IMPROVEMENT AND CAPABILITY DETERMINATION
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 658: A Study of Contemporary System Performance Testing Framework
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
REQUIREMENTS FOR SYSTEM PERFORMANCE TESTING FRAMEWORK
AN OVERVIEW OF CONTEMPORARY SYSTEM PERFORMANCE TESTING FRAMEWORKS
A GENERAL-PURPOSE SYSTEM TESTING FRAMEWORK
ARCHITECTURE FOR SINGLE PROCESS/MACHINE PERFORMANCE TEST
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 659: A Tale of Two Agile Requirements Engineering Practices
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR COMPARING USE CASES AND USER STORIES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 660: Towards an Understanding of Performance, Reliability, and Security
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
PERFORMANCE, RELIABILITY AND SECURITY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 661: Understanding User Experience
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 662: The What, How, and When of Formal Methods
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 81: Teacher Education
Chapter 663: Constructing Preservice Teachers' Knowledge of Technology Integration
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION AS A PRESERVICE COMPETENCY
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 664: Effectiveness of Teacher Training in Using Latest Technologies
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
METHODOLOGY
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
APPENDIX: SCOPE FOR USING TECHNOLOGY
Chapter 665: Role of Educational Leaders in Supporting Beginning Teachers in Al Ain Schools in the UAE
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
LITERATURE REVIEW
METHODOLOGY
DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
APPENDIX
Chapter 666: The Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge of EFL Teachers (EFL TPACK)
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE EFL TPACK
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 667: Ubiquitous Teachers' Training and Lessons Learned with the uProf! Model
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE uPROF! MODEL
uPROF! IN COMUNITA’ DI PRATICA PROGETTO EUREKA
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 668: Video Considerations for the World Language edTPA
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
BEST PRACTICES IN WORLD LANGUAGE ASSESSMENT OF STUDENT LEARNING
USING VIDEO AND VIDEO CONSIDERATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 82: Theoretical Computer Science
Chapter 669: Efficient Optimization Using Metaheuristics
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
STATE OF THE ART: CURRENT RESEARCH LINES
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 670: An Essay on Denotational Mathematics
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE NOTION OF HYPERCOMPLEX ALGEBRAIC SYSTEM
THE STRUCTURE OF CONCEPT ALGEBRA
THE STRUCTURE OF REAL-TIME PROCESS ALGEBRA
THE STRUCTURE OF SYSTEM ALGEBRA
THE STRUCTURE OF VISUAL SEMANTIC ALGEBRA
THE STRUCTURE OF GRANULAR ALGEBRA
THE STRUCTURE OF INFERENCE ALGEBRA
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
ENDNOTES
Chapter 671: Quantum Computing and Quantum Communication
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
INFORMATION REPRESENTATION WITH QUANTUM STATES
QUANTUM COMPUTING
QUANTUM COMMUNICATION
QUANTUM ERROR CORRECTION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 672: Sleptsov Net Computing
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 83: Ubiquitous and Pervasive Computing
Chapter 673: Energy Conservation in the Era of Ubiquitous Computing
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
INTERNET USAGE
CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 674: From General Services to Pervasive and Sensitive Services
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SENSITIVE SERVICES
PERVASIVE SERVICES
ISSUES OF THE NEW SERVICES IN THE INFORMATION SOCIETY
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 675: Home UbiHealth
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
HOME UBIHEALTH ECOSYSTEM
DESIGN PRINCIPAL PRIMITIVES
CHALLENGING ISSUES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 676: Multifaceted Applications of the Internet of Things
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CHALLENGES AND IMPLICATIONS OF THE INTERNET OF THINGS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 677: The Role of U-FADE in Selecting Persuasive System Features
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
RESEARCH APPROACH
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
ENDNOTE
Chapter 678: Social Computing
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND
PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS OF SOCIAL COMPUTING
RESEARCH THEMES IN SOCIAL COMPUTING
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 679: Ubiquitous Computing, Contactless Points, and Distributed Stores
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 84: Urban and Regional Development
Chapter 680: Climate Change as a Driving Force on Urban Energy Consumption Patterns
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ENERGY CONSUMPTION PATTERN
STUDY METHOD
RESULTS
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
APPENDIX
Chapter 681: Determination of Urban Growth by the Night-Time Images
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 682: Need for Rethinking Modern Urban Planning Strategies Through Integration of ICTs
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
GIS: USED BUT NOT SPENT
DBMS: A BIG LEASH FOR BIG DATA
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 683: Reconstructive Architectural and Urban Digital Modelling
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MAIN FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 684: Regional Development and Air Freight Service Needs for Regional Communities
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE CHALLENGE: AIRFREIGHT SERVICE NEEDS FOR REGIONAL COMMUNITIES
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 85: Virtual Learning Environments
Chapter 685: Creating Active Learning Spaces in Virtual Worlds
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
VIRTUAL PLACE-BASED LEARNING
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 686: Developments in MOOC Technologies and Participation Since 2012
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 687: Massive Open Online Courses and Integrating Open Source Technology and Open Access Literature Into Technology-Based Degrees
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
FACULTY DEVELOPMENT IN MOOCs
HOW ARE MOOCS BEING SUPPORTED
OFFERING MOOCS
MOOCS CRITIQUED
MOOCs IMPLEMENTATION AND CHANGE
OPEN ACCESS LITERATURE
STEM NEEDS FOR MOOCS
SOFTWARE LICENSING
VIRTUAL WORLDS
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 688: Open Source Software Virtual Learning Environment (OSS-VLEs) in Library Science Schools
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
VLE IN LIS SCHOOLS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 689: Teacher Presence
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
TEACHER PRESENCE: IMPLICATIONS WITHIN THE DISTRIBUTED LEARNING ENVIORNMENT
SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 690: Virtual Worlds in the Educational Context
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ISSUES, CONTROVERSIES, AND PROBLEMS
VIRTUAL WORLDS APPLIED IN EDUCATION
ANALYSIS OF RESULTS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Section 86: Web Technologies
Chapter 691: Anger and Internet in Japan
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ANGER EXPRESSION ON THE INTERNET IN JAPAN
EFFECT OF SHARING ANGER ON THE INTERNET
EFFECTIVE WAY TO REGULATE ANGER EMOTION
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 692: Determine Democracy in Web Design
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MEASURING DEMOCRACY ON WEB INTERFACE DESIGN
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
APPENDIX: CODING SHEET
Chapter 693: Discussion Processes in Online Forums
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ONLINE DISCUSSION PROCESSES
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR TEACHERS AND FORUM DESIGNERS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 694: The Economics of Internetization
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
NEW ECONOMY
ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION
TRADE LIBERALIZATION
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
INTERNETIZATION
FINANCIAL INTERNETIZATION
CYBER SECURITY
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
REDISCOVERING SCHUMPETER
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 695: An Efficient and Effective Index Structure for Query Evaluation in Search Engines
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
INDEX STRUCTURES
QUERY EVALUATION
CONCLUSION
FUTURE WORK
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 696: Improving Usability of Website Design Using W3C Guidelines
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
METHODOLOGY
EVALUATION
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 697: Internet Phenomenon
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
INTERNET MEMES
STUDYING MEMES
INTERNET CELEBRITIES
OTHER INTERNET PHENOMENONA
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 698: An Overview of Crowdsourcing
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
CROWDSOURCING DEFINITIONS
CLASSIFICATION OF CROWDSOURCING ACTIVITIES
CROWDSOURCING VERSUS OUTSOURCING
USER MOTIVATIONS FOR CONTRIBUTION
BENEFITS OF CROWDSOURCING
PROBLEMS OF CROWDSOURCING
CONCEPTUAL MODELS OF CROWDSOURCING
CROWDSOURCING APPLICATIONS
CROWDSOURCING PLATFORMS ON THE WEB
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 699: Revisiting Web 2.0
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
ARCHETYPES OF WEB 2.0
A FRAMEWORK FOR WEB 2.0 INITIATIVES
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 700: Search Engine Optimization
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
HISTORY OF SEO
SEO CHARACTERISTICS
SEO, SOCIAL MEDIA AND CONTENT
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 701: Toward Trustworthy Web Services Coordination
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
BYZANTINE FAULT TOLERANT WEB COORDINATION
FUTURE TRENDS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 702: Usability of CAPTCHA in Online Communities and Its Link to User Satisfaction
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
CAPTCHA USABILITY: THE STUDY
RESULTS
IMPLICATIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 703: Visual Identity Design for Responsive Web
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
THE VISUAL ELEMENTS OF RESPONSIVE WEBSITE IDENTITY
CONCLUSION
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 704: Web Site Mobilization Techniques
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
MOBILIZATION TECHNIQUES
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Chapter 705: What Accounts for the Differences in Internet Diffusion Rates Around the World?
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
GLOBAL INTERNET ADOPTION FACTORS
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ADDITIONAL READING
KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
About the Contributors
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