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Index
Starting Out in Statistics
Contents
Introduction – What’s the Point of Statistics?
Reference
Basic Maths for Stats Revision
Statistical Software Packages
About the Companion Website
1 Introducing Variables, Populations and Samples – ‘Variability is the Law of Life’
1.3 Variables
1.4 Types of qualitative variables
1.4.3 Preference variables
1.5.2 Continuous variables
1.7 Summary
2 Study Design and Sampling – ‘Design is Everything. Everything!’
2.3 One sample
2.5 Independent samples
2.6 Factorial designs
2.7 Observational study designs
2.7.3 Longitudinal studies
2.8 Sampling
2.9 Reliability and validity
2.10 Summary
References
3 Probability – ‘Probability ... So True in General’
3.3 Frequentist probability
3.4 Bayesian probability
3.5 The likelihood approach
3.6 Summary
4 Summarising Data – ‘Transforming Data into Information’
4.3 Summarising data numerically – descriptive statistics
4.3.2 Measures of dispersion
4.4 Summarising data graphically
4.5 Graphs for summarising group data
4.5.2 The error plot
4.5.3 The box-and-whisker plot
4.5.4 Comparison of graphs for group data
4.5.5 A little discussion on error bars
4.6.1 The scatter diagram or plot
4.6.2 The line graph
4.7 Displaying complex (multidimensional) data
4.8 Displaying proportions or percentages
4.9 Summary
5 Statistical Power – ‘. . . Find out the Cause of this Effect’
5.3 From doormats to aortic valves
5.4 More on the normal distribution
5.4.1 The central limit theorem
5.5 How is power useful?
5.5.1 Calculating the power
5.5.2 Calculating the sample size
5.6 The problem with p values
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