Time and Relational Theory, Temporal Databases in the Relational Model and SQL by Date, C.J. -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover image Title page Table of Contents Copyright Dedication About the Authors Preface

Structure of the Book Intended Readership Acknowledgments

Part I: A Review of Relational Concepts

Part I A Review of Relational Concepts Chapter 1. Types and Relations

The Running Example Types Relations Exercises Answers

Chapter 2. Relational Algebra

Rename Restrict Project Union, Intersect, and Minus Join Matching and Not Matching Extend Image Relations Group and Ungroup Extend bis Relational Comparisons Formulating Expressions One Step at a Time Relational Completeness Exercises Answers

Chapter 3. Relation Variables

Relations vs. Relvars Relational Assignment Keys Foreign Keys Database Constraints Views The Relational Model Exercises Answers

Part II: Laying the Foundations

Part II Laying the Foundations Chapter 4. Time and the Database

Temporal Databases Timestamped Propositions Valid Time vs. Transaction Time Some Fundamental Questions Exercises Answers

Chapter 5. What’s the Problem?

Revising the Running Example Sample Constraints and Queries Semitemporalizing the Example Fully Temporalizing the Example Exercises Answers

Chapter 6. Intervals

What’s an Interval? Applications of Intervals Point and Interval Types A More Searching Example Exercises Answers

Chapter 7. Interval Operators

Notation Interval Comparisons “Set Operators” Queries Concluding Remarks Exercises Answers

Chapter 8. The EXPAND and COLLAPSE Operators

Preliminary Remarks Expanded Form Collapsed Form Operator Definitions Unary Relations Nullary Relations Exercises Answers

Chapter 9. The PACK and UNPACK Operators I: The Single-Attribute Case

Preliminary Examples Packed Form Unpacked Form Further Queries Exercises Answers

Chapter 10. The PACK and UNPACK Operators II: The Multiattribute Case

PACKING and UNPACKING on NO Attributes UNPACKING ON Two or More Attributes PACKING ON Two or More Attributes A Logical Difference Equivalence of Relations Expand and Collapse Revisited Some Remarks on Redundancy A More Complex Example Exercises Answers

Chapter 11. Generalizing the Algebraic Operators

A Motivating Example Dyadic Operators n-Adic Operators Monadic Operators Relational Comparisons The Underlying Intuition The Regular Operators Revisited Exercises Answers

Part III: Building on the Foundations

Part III Building on the Foundations Chapter 12. Database Design I: Structure

The Running Example Revisited Since Relvars Only During Relvars Only A New Normal Form “The Moving Point Now” Both Since and During Relvars Concluding Remarks Exercises Answers

Chapter 13. Database Design II : Keys and Related Constraints

Simplifying the Running Example The Redundancy Problem The Circumlocution Problem PACKED ON The Contradiction Problem WHEN / THEN Combining Specifications PACKED ON without WHEN / THEN WHEN / THEN without PACKED ON Neither PACKED ON nor WHEN / THEN Keys Revisited Putting it all Tgether Exercises Answers

Chapter 14. Database Design III : General Constraints

The Nine Requirements Since Relvars Only During Relvars Only Both Since and During Relvars Syntactic Shorthands Concluding Remarks Exercises Answers

Chapter 15. Queries

The Twelve Queries Since Relvars Only During Relvars Only Both Since and During Relvars Views Can Help Exercises Answers

Chapter 16. Updates

Since Relvars Only During Relvars Only I: U_UPDATES During Relvars Only II: Portion Specifications During Relvars Only III: Multiple Assignment Both Since and During Relvars Views can Help Exercises Answers

Chapter 17. Logged Time and Stated Time

A Quick Review A Closer Look The Database and the Log Terminology Logged Times Queries Involving Logged Time Exercises Answers

Chapter 18. Point and Interval Types Revisited

Ordered vs. Ordinal Type Inheritance Point Types Revisited Numeric Point Types Granularity Revisited Interval Types Revisited Concluding Remarks Exercises Answers

Part IV: SQL Support

Part IV SQL Support Chapter 19. The SQL Standard

Periods Database Design Queries Updates System Time Bitemporal Tables Summary and Assessment Exercises Answers

Appendixes

Appendixes Appendix A. Cyclic Point Types

The Weekday Example Weekday as a Point Type The Corresponding Interval Type Allen’s Operators Union, Intersect, and Minus PACK and UNPACK Exercises Answers

Appendix B. Is Ordinality Necessary? Appendix C. Generalizing PACK and UNPACK

Sets of Relations Sets of Sets Sets of Bags Bags: A Digression Other Kinds of Sets Effect on “PACK and UNPACK ON”

Appendix D. A Tutorial D Grammar Appendix E. Implementation Considerations

PACK and UNPACK A Graphical Representation Algebraic Operators Update Operators A Final Remark

Appendix F. References and Bibliography

Index

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