T&T Clark Companion to Atonement by Johnson, Adam J. -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Half Title Dedicationt Series Information Title Page Contents Preface Acknowledgments 1 Atonement: The Shape and State of the Doctrine

The Shape of the Doctrine Five Key Elements Theories of the Atonement The Future of the Doctrine Constructive Developments Critique and Polemic Fronts Summary

2 These Three Atone: Trinity and Atonement

Trinity and Atonement: Doctrinal Obligations Trinity in Atonement Atonement in Trinity Atonement and the Praise of Triune Glory

3 Atonement and Incarnation

Person and Work What Kind of Incarnation? What Kind of Atonement? The God Who Atones: Divine “Becoming” Incarnate Atonement: Taking Flesh Flesh and its Destiny The Primacy of Christ

4 Resurrection and Atonement in the Theology of Thomas F. Torrance

Resurrection and Justification The Resurrection and Reconciliation

Resurrection and the Knowledge of God

The Resurrection and Redemption

5 The Atonement and the Holy Spirit

Introduction The Who and the How of the Holy Spirit The Atonement in Pneumatological Perspective The Mission and Origin of the Spirit Conclusion

6 God’s Reconciling Work: Atonement in the Old Testament

Misconception 1: “Atonement” is Synonymous with Divine Reconciliation Misconception 2: Atonement is Properly about “Propitiation” and “Penal Substitution” Expiation in Leviticus Expiation as Representative and Participatory Expiation as Objective and Necessary Misconception 3: Atonement Involves a Single Mode of Reconciliation Misconception 4: Atonement Pertains Only to People Misconception 5: Divine Agency is Exclusively Forensic and Not Also Cosmic Christian Appropriation

7 Theologies of the Atonement in the New Testament

Jesus and the Gospels: An Overview The Gospel of Luke and the Acts of the Apostles

Salvation and Exaltation Jesus’s Atoning Death Jesus and Isaiah’s Servant

The Writings of John

The Fourth Gospel 1 John The Book of Revelation

Paul

A Sample Text: Romans 3:21–26 Atonement Metaphors in Paul

General Epistles

Hebrews 1 Peter

A Diversity of Images

8 Athanasius’s Incarnational Soteriology

Contra Gentes: A Soteriological Prolegomena

Being Created in the image of the Word The Nature of Sin and Its Consequences The Centrality of the Divine Word

De Incarnatione: Jesus, the Incarnate Savior

The Father’s Dilemma The Incarnation: The Restoration of Incorruptibility The Christian’s Soteriological Testimony to the Cross and Resurrection

Athanasius’s Incarnational Soteriology— Anti-Arian/Pro-Nicene Works

Defining the Incarnational-Soteriological “Becoming” Incarnational Soteriology

Pneumatological Soteriology Conclusion

9 St. Gregory of Nyssa on the Dynamics of Salvation

Introduction

Approaching the Cappadocian Doctrine of Salvation

Patristic “Atonement” Theory Gregory of Nyssa’s Sense of Salvation in Christ Conclusion

10 Anselmian Atonement 11 Thomas Aquinas’s Pauline Theology of the Atonement

The Pauline Corpus and the Centrality of Indwelling Grace for At-one-ment Colossians 1:18–20—Atonement and the Union of Head and Members Romans 3:21–26 Conclusion—Setting Aside the Aulén Paradigm

12 The Fury of Love: Calvin on the Atonement

The Rhetoric of Atonement Jesus Christ, Mediator Atonement and the Christian Life Conclusion

13 Karl Barth

Introduction Atonement and the Perfections of Divine Love

Election and Atonement

Atonement in Barth’s Doctrine of Reconciliation

Self-Humiliation and the Cry of Dereliction in the Triune Life Atonement and the Overcoming of Sin Atonement and the Creation of New Humanity

Conclusion

14 Christ’s Descent into Hell

Myth, Apocalyptic, and Apocrypha Old and New Testaments The Fathers through the Reformation: An Overview Conclusion: The Descent in the Theology of Hans Urs von Balthasar

15 The Persistence of the Ransom Theory of the Atonement

Apocalyptic and Political Theology Gregory of Nyssa as Model Ransom Theorist The Afterlife of the Ransom Theory in Anselm The Legacy of the Ransom Theory in Political Theology Conclusion

16 Penal Substitution

The Idea of Penal Substitution The Plausibility of Penal Substitution: Responding to Criticisms

First Criticism: Is God Subject to the Law? Second Criticism: Can Guilt be Transferred? Third Criticism: Trinitarian Concerns Fourth Criticism: A Merely Negative Righteousness Fifth Criticism: Legitimizing Violence

The History of Penal Substitution

The Bible Confessional Documents Individual Writers The Changing Cultural Plausibility of Penal Substitution

The Future of Penal Substitution

The Role of Historical Theology The Nature of Atonement Doctrine

17 Methodological Issues in Approaching the Atonement

Approaching the Atonement

Motifs and Metaphors Doctrine Model Theories

The Relationship between Motifs, Metaphors, Doctrines, Models, and Theories The Upshot

18 Crucified—So What? Feminist Rereadings of the Cross-Event

In Light of Women’s Experience “Jesus Was a Feminist, But So What?” The Glorification of Suffering Jesus, “The Ultimate Surrogate Figure” Jesus, “The Divine Co-Sufferer” The Power of God—The Compassion of God Abusive or Abused The Cross as a Kenosis of Patriarchy Christa—A Crucified Woman Symbol of Hope

Essays 19 Peter Abelard

Bibliography

20 Acts (Book of)

Bibliography

21 Angels

Bibliography

22 The Apostolic Fathers

Bibliography

23 Ascension

Bibliography

24 Augustine

Identification Incorporation Transformation Conclusion Bibliography

25 Gustaf Aulén

Bibliography

26 Baptism

Bibliography

27 Bernard of Clairvaux

Bibliography

28 Blood

Bibliography

29 Bonaventure

Bibliography

30 Book of the Twelve

Prophecy and the Torah Models for the Atonement in the Torah The Torah and the Twelve Divine Sin-Bearing and Israel Bibliography

31 Rudolf Bultmann

Bibliography

32 John McLeod Campbell

Campbell’s Theological Journey Atonement as the Natural Development of the Incarnation The Flesh of Christ Differed Not In One Particle From Mine The Nature of the Atonement

Retrospective—Christ’s Witnessing with Humanity on the Part of God Retrospective—Christ’s Dealing with God on Behalf of Humanity Prospective—Christ’s Witnessing for the Father to Humanity Prospective—Christ’s Dealing with the Father on Our Behalf

Bibliography

33 Catherine of Siena

Selected Bibliography

34 Covenant

Covenant Is Indispensable for the Context of Atonement Covenant Is Intrinsic to the Definition of Atonement Covenant Is Integrative in the Doctrine of Atonement Bibliography

35 Thomas Cranmer

Bibliography

36 Creation and Animals

Bibliography

37 Creeds

Bibliography

38 Culture

Benefits of Dialogue between Atonement Theory and Culture: Golgotha and The Green Mile

Theological Dialogue with Popular Culture May Shed Light on Existential Questions Theological Dialogue with Popular Culture May Help to Resolve Theological Puzzles Theological Dialogue with Popular Culture Can Serve as Reminders of Biblical Themes Theological Dialogue with Popular Culture: Practical Implications and Applications

Concluding Words Bibliography

39 Cyril of Alexandria

Bibliography

40 Ecclesiology

Bibliography

41 Jonathan Edwards

Bibliography

42 Eschatology

Bibliography

43 Eucharist

The Passover meal Anticipated Realities to do with God’s Kingship Jesus’s Life, Words and Death Merge Passover and Regular Blood Sacrifices Into a New Public Ritual Past, Future, and Present Aspects to the Lord’s Supper Bibliography

44 Exemplarism

Bibliography

45 Expiation/Propitiation

Bibliography

46 Forgiveness

Forgiveness Without Atonement Forgiveness Requiring Atonement Forgiveness Inviting Atonement Bibliography

47 P. T. Forsyth

Bibliography

48 René Girard

Bibliography

49 Global Theology