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Index
Coverpage
Half title
Series page
Title page
Imprints page
Contents
Preface
Introduction
The Flawed Solution of Genocide
Ethnicizing and Depoliticizing Genocide
Genocide as a Hate Crime
The “Crime of Crimes”
The Language of Transgression
Writing the History of a Concept
Permanent Security and Civilian Destruction
Illiberal Permanent Security
Liberal Permanent Security
The Criminality of Permanent Security
This Book
Part I The Language of Transgression
1 The Language of Transgression, 1500s to 1890s
Introduction
Empire and Critique
Empire, Commerce, Corruption
Humanitarianism and Slavery
The Protection of Small Nations and “Native” Peoples
King Leopold II’s Congo
Conclusion
2 The Language of Transgression, 1890s to 1930s
Warfare and Civilization
World War I and the Language of Transgression
War Crimes
The League of Nations and the Language of Transgression
International Conscience and the Public Mind
Free and Unfree Labor
Depoliticizing the Language of Transgression: The Question of Violence and Refugees
The Language of Transgression
3 Raphael Lemkin and the Protection of Small Nations
From Zionism to the Protection of “Small Nations”
Barbarism, Vandalism, and the Political
Terrorism and Political Crimes
Vandalism and Barbarism
Conclusion: Blindspots
4 The Many Types of Destruction
Extending the Limits of International Law
Mitigated Knowledge
The Many Types of Destruction
The Institute of Jewish Affairs and the Definition of War Crimes
Conclusion
5 Inventing Genocide in the 1940s
Before “Genocide”
Lemkin’s Invention
The Nuremberg Disappointment
Excluding Permanent Security from the Genocide Convention
Excluding Population Expulsion and Cultural Genocide
A Nonpolitical Crime
Otto Ohlendorf, Aerial Bombing, and the Rescue of Military Necessity
Conclusion
Part II Permanent Security
6 Permanent Security in History
Illiberal Permanent Security I: Imperial Conquest and Exploitation
Illiberal Permanent Security II: Subaltern Genocide
Liberal Permanent Security: Settler Colonialism
The Soviet Union
Elements of Permanent Security
7 The Nazi Empire as Illiberal Permanent Security
Introduction
Imperial Imaginary
Hitler’s Imperial History of Permanent Security
Redemptive Imperialism
Why the Jewish Enemy?
“International Jewry”
Jews in Germany
“Judeo-Bolshevism” and Political Paranoia
Nazi Empire and Illiberal Permanent Security
Conclusion
8 Human Rights, Population “Transfer,” and the Foundation of the Postwar Order
Partitions, Minorities, Expulsions as Liberal Permanent Security
Human Rights, Partition, and “Transfer”
The Interwar Debate on the “Humanity” of Transfer
Human Rights and Transfer
Conclusion
9 Imagining Nation-Security in South Asia and Palestine
India and Interwar Europe
Minorities: Hostages or Transfer?
Muslim Zion?
Palestine, Israel, and Minorities
Part III The Language of Transgression, Permanent Security, and Holocaust Memory
10 Lemkin, Arendt, Vietnam, and Liberal Permanent Security
Raphael Lemkin: Affixing the Holocaust Archetype
Hannah Arendt: Depoliticizing the Holocaust and Defending the West
The Uniqueness of the Holocaust
Vietnam, Genocide, and the Critique of Liberal Permanent Security
Genocide in Vietnam?
The Nuremberg Legacy and Liberal Permanent Security
Liberal Permanent Security Fights Back
11 Genocide Studies and the Repression of the Political
Biafra
Founding Genocide Studies
Excluding Permanent Security
Civil War or Genocide?
Armenian Rebellion or Armenian Genocide?
Darfur
Holocaust Analogies
After Genocide
12 Holocaust Memory, Exemplary Victims, and Permanent Security Today
The Holocaust as Hate Crime
After the Holocaust: A Single Archetype, an Ideal Victim
Scapegoating as Depoliticization
A New Civilizing Mission
Holocaust Education as Liberal Permanent Security
Empire and Civilization
The “Supreme” (Humanitarian) Emergency
Endless Occupation
Index
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