[Gutenberg 60576] • Americans by Choice by Gavit, John Palmer -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

AMERICANS BY CHOICE PUBLISHER’S NOTE FOREWORD TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF DIAGRAMS INTRODUCTION I OF THEIR OWN FREE WILL

THESE ARE OUR VOTERS! PRIMITIVE ATTITUDES TOWARD IMMIGRANTS LEGAL POSITION OF THE ALIEN WHAT IS AN “AMERICAN”? THE AMERICAN HAS NO RACIAL MARKS NOT RACIAL, BUT CULTURAL ESSENTIALS OF “AMERICANISM”

II NEW MEMBERS AND AN OLD GAME

FACTORS IN IMMIGRATION POLITICS WELCOMES THE IRISH THEY ALWAYS HAVE BEEN DEMOCRATS EARLY GERMANS BECAME REPUBLICANS EFFECTS OF THE GOLD CRAZE VAST NATURALIZATION FRAUDS FIRST CHOICE IN POLITICS THE POLITICIAN CLOSE TO HUMANITY POLITICAL ASPECTS OF SOCIAL CLUBS POLITICS A GREAT AMERICANIZING FORCE

III CITIZENSHIP: UNDER THIS FLAG, AND OTHERS

ROOTS OF POLITICAL SOCIETY INFLUENCE OF EMIGRATION TO AMERICA THE RIGHT TO EMIGRATE THE SUBJECT VS. THE ACTIVE MEMBER ESSENTIALS OF CITIZENSHIP: ANCIENT—AND AMERICAN BASES OF AMERICAN CITIZENSHIP COMMON-LAW DEFINITION TAKEN FOR GRANTED CONCERNING AMERICANS BORN ABROAD CHILDREN BORN AT SEA QUESTION OF DUAL NATIONALITY COUNTRIES DENYING THE RIGHT OF EXPATRIATION CONDITIONAL RECOGNITION NATURALIZATION TREATIES WITH THE UNITED STATES GREAT BRITAIN GERMANY CITIZENSHIP TAKES NO ACCOUNT OF SEX “A WOMAN WITHOUT A COUNTRY” THE AMERICAN UNDER THREE JURISDICTIONS

IV DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATURALIZATION LAW

OUR “CHARTER MEMBERS” FIRST NATURALIZATION LAWS EFFORTS TOWARD UNIFORMITY BARS UP AGAINST ALIEN ANARCHISTS VARIOUS PRESIDENTS DISCUSSED NATURALIZATION DEFINITE REFORM AT LAST NATURALIZATION COMMISSION APPOINTED WHAT THE LAW REQUIRES

V THE LAW IN OPERATION

RESTRICTIONS OF RACE LIMITATIONS REGARDING AGE THE DECLARATION OF INTENTION “DECLARATION INVALID” SHOULD DECLARATION BE ABOLISHED? NATURALIZATION JUDGES FAVOR ITS RETENTION THE SEVEN-YEAR LIMITATION THE CERTIFICATE OF LAWFUL ENTRY THE VEXATIOUS QUESTION OF NAMES THE PETITION FOR NATURALIZATION NINETY DAYS’ INTERVAL BEFORE HEARING THE FINAL HEARING IN COURT MUST “SPEAK” THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE ATTACHED TO THE CONSTITUTION IN THE MATTER OF “CONTINUOUS RESIDENCE” THE ABSURDITY OF THE “INCOMPETENT WITNESS” JUDGES DENOUNCE THE ABSURDITY DEPOSITIONS OF WITNESSES “GOOD MORAL CHARACTER” THE FINAL CEREMONY—OATH OF ALLEGIANCE CEREMONIES OF INITIATION

VI PERSONAL EQUATION IN NATURALIZATION

A FUNCTION OF LOCAL COURTS “PERSONAL EQUATION” OF THE JUDGES BIRD’S-EYE VIEW OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE GENERAL TREND OF JUDGES’ OPINIONS THE CLERKS OF THE COURTS THE QUESTION OF ADEQUATE CLERICAL FORCE WHEN THE CLERK POCKETS THE FEES FORMS OF PETTY GRAFT “PERSONAL EQUATION” IN THE NATURALIZATION SERVICE A SCRUPULOUSLY HONEST SERVICE NEED OF UNIFYING INFLUENCE “NOTHING TO LITIGATE!” CONFUSED STATE OF THE EDUCATIONAL TEST THE CRAZE FOR “AMERICANIZING”—SOMEBODY ELSE! EXTRA RESPONSIBILITIES SELF-SOUGHT ENORMOUS ARREARAGE IN BUREAU’S WORK THE ALIENS SUPPORT THE BUREAU FITNESS OF CANDIDATES “PERSONAL EQUATION” OF THE PUBLIC

VII SOME STATISTICS CONCERNING IMMIGRANTS, “NEW” AND “OLD”

PAUCITY OF DEPENDABLE INFORMATION VAST ARREARAGES IN EXAMINATIONS REPORT OF THE IMMIGRATION COMMISSION OF 1907 LEGEND OF “THE NEW IMMIGRATION” DISPARITY IN NUMBERS AMONG RACIAL GROUPS THE FACTOR OF LENGTH OF RESIDENCE THE FACTOR OF LANGUAGE LENGTH OF RESIDENCE AND EARNING POWER VOTING ON “FIRST PAPERS” WHAT BECOMES OF THE DECLARATIONS?

MORE THAN A FIFTH OF ALL PETITIONERS FROM TWENTY-EIGHT REPRESENTATIVE COURTS IN A REASONABLY NORMAL YEAR THE RACIAL GROUPS ARE TYPICAL RELATIVE “CIVIC AND POLITICAL INTEREST” HOW DID THESE PETITIONERS FARE? AS REGARDS “IMMORAL CHARACTER” THE SHOWING AS TO “IGNORANCE” TIME-INTERVALS IN NATURALIZATION HOW DO THE RACIAL GROUPS COMPARE? THEY ARE YOUNG PEOPLE RELATIVE AGE AND “POLITICAL INTEREST” THE REAL RACIAL DISTINCTION RACE AND RELATIVE AGE AT ARRIVAL AT THE BEGINNING OF MARRIED LIFE AS FOR “STABILITY OF RESIDENCE” INTELLECTUAL EQUIPMENT AND OCCUPATION GENERAL CONCLUSIONS

IX CITIZENSHIP VIA MILITARY SERVICE

POSITION OF THE ALIEN SOLDIER REVOLUTIONARY LEGISLATIVE ACTION CITIZENS AT HEART BUT “ENEMY ALIENS” ALL SAFEGUARDS ABANDONED ALL RACE RESTRICTIONS REMOVED ORDINARY NATURALIZATION DISRUPTED STATISTICS OF ALIEN REGISTRATION ALIENS AND MILITARY SERVICE FOREIGN BORN EAGER TO SERVE AUSTRIANS WHO WERE NOT FOR AUSTRIA THERE WAS HUMAN WAR-TIME PSYCHOLOGY DIPLOMATIC REQUESTS FOR EXEMPTION RECIPROCAL CONSCRIPTION AMONG COBELLIGERENTS OF GERMAN DESCENT, BUT LOYAL AMERICANS DESERTION, AMONG ALIENS AND CITIZENS WAR’S TEST OF “THE MELTING-POT” AN OLD PRACTICE WITH A NEW SIGNIFICANCE WHAT SOME JUDGES THOUGHT OF IT HERE WAS “ATTACHMENT TO OUR PRINCIPLES”! ASSIMILATING THE ENEMIES OF TYRANNY EPISODES OF MILITARY NATURALIZATION THOSE WHO WENT WITHOUT CITIZENSHIP A GREAT COMPOSITE RECORD OF LOYALTY

X THE FOREIGN-BORN WOMAN, HER HOME AND HER CHILDREN, IN AMERICAN POLITICS

REGARDLESS OF QUALIFICATIONS UNMARRIED WOMEN HAVE MALE RIGHTS DANGERS OF “DERIVATIVE CITIZENSHIP” CHILDREN OF ALIENS HERE AMERICAN BORN “DERIVATIVE CITIZENSHIP” ALMOST EQUALS THE DIRECT WOMAN SUFFRAGE WAS WIDESPREAD APPLICANTS CAME AS YOUNG MARRIED MEN THE MOTHER MUST BE “AMERICANIZED” MUST LEARN POLITICS BY POLITICAL ACTIVITY FEW WOMEN SEEK NATURALIZATION SOME COURTS NOTICE THE WIVES OBSTACLES OF DISTANCE AND EXPENSE WOMAN SUFFRAGE OPENS A NEW ERA OPINIONS OF NATURALIZING JUDGES 650,000 “DERIVATIVE VOTERS” EXTANT LARGELY AN IGNORANT VOTE POLITICAL INDIFFERENCE NOT PECULIAR TO FOREIGN BORN MANY WERE CALLED, BUT FEW RESPONDED FOREIGN-BORN WOMEN WITHOUT POLITICAL EXPERIENCE THEY ARE GOOD MATERIAL HOW THE WOMEN CAN BE REACHED A SPECIFIC EXAMPLE—IT WORKS WHAT THE CHILDREN DID

XI THE FOREIGN-BORN VOTER IN ACTION

DIVIDED BY RACIAL TRADITIONS ALIENS NOT WITHOUT POLITICAL INFLUENCE THERE IS NO “FOREIGN VOTE” OLD EVILS ABOLISHED CORRUPTION WAS NOT AN IMPORTATION HOME-GROWN IN ADAMS COUNTY, OHIO! WHO IS THE BUYER OF VOTES? ATTEMPTS TO FIND THE “FOREIGN VOTE” RESPONSE TO PROGRESSIVE IDEAS SOME RESULTS FROM CLEVELAND “CIVIC INTEREST” IN GRAND RAPIDS MUNICIPAL VOTERS’ LEAGUE OF CHICAGO SOME OTHER INSTANCES

XII THE FOREIGN BORN IN RADICAL MOVEMENTS

THE SOCIALIST PRESS DUES-PAYING SOCIALIST MEMBERS RACIAL GROUPS OF SOCIALISTS THE SOCIALIST VOTE GERMAN INFLUENCE IN SOCIALISM JEWS IN SOCIALISM EFFECT OF THE WAR ON SOCIALISM THE SINGLE-TAX AND AGRARIAN MOVEMENTS THE NONPARTISAN LEAGUE ULTRARADICAL MOVEMENTS NONPOLITICAL THE “I. W. W.” AND THE HOMELESS WORKER

XIII SOME GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

NO LOWERING OF STANDARDS A FUNCTION ADMINISTRATIVE OR JUDICIAL? PHYSICAL CONDITIONS AND DIGNITY FUNCTION OF THE NATURALIZATION BUREAU

APPENDIX INDEX FOOTNOTES: