[Gutenberg 50465] • The China of Chiang K'ai-Shek: A Political Study by Linebarger, Paul Myron Anthony -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

THE CHINA OF CHIANG K'AI-SHEK: A Political Study ACKNOWLEDGMENTS CONTENTS INTRODUCTION

The Chinese Political Inheritance: Some Continuing Aspects China at the Outbreak of War The Beginning of Active Hostilities The Hankow Period The Chungking Period FOOTNOTES:

Chapter I THE CONSTITUTION

The Yüeh Fa of 1931 The Draft Permanent or Double Five Constitution The Issue of Constitutional Change FOOTNOTES:

Chapter II THE POLITICAL ORGANS OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT

The Five-Power Constitution The Supreme National Defense Council The President of the National Government The Council of State The Executive Yüan The Military Affairs Commission The Judicial, Legislative, Examination and Control Yüan FOOTNOTES:

Chapter III CONSULTATIVE AND ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANS

The People's Political Council The Administrative Pattern The Political Ministries Social and Cultural Agencies The Economic Ministries FOOTNOTES:

Chapter IV PROVINCIAL, LOCAL, AND SPECIAL-AREA GOVERNMENT

The Provinces Local Government The Communist Zone Guerrilla Governments FOOTNOTES:

Chapter V THE KUOMINTANG

The Party Constitutional System Party Organization The Kuomintang Bid for Leadership Intra-Kuomintang Politics The New Life Movement and Other Affiliates FOOTNOTES:

Chapter VI THE COMMUNIST AND MINOR PARTIES

The Chinese Communists: Party and Leaders Communism: Patriotism or Betrayal? The National Salvation Movement The Third Party The Chinese National Socialist Party Social Democrats and La Jeunesse FOOTNOTES:

Chapter VII GOVERNING INSTITUTIONS OF THE JAPANESE AND PRO-JAPANESE

The Japanese Army as a Chinese Government The Problem of Puppet States The Provisional and Reformed Governments The Reorganized National Government of Wang Ch'ing-wei FOOTNOTES:

Chapter VIII EXTRA-POLITICAL FORCES

The Foundations of Chinese Government Mass Education Rural Reconstruction The Chinese Industrial Cooperatives Unorganized Pressure FOOTNOTES:

Chapter IX SUN YAT-SEN AND CHIANG K'AI-SHEK

Sun Yat-sen The San Min Chu I Chiang K'ai-shek Chinese Appraisals of Chiang The Ideology of Chiang FOOTNOTES:

CONCLUSION

The Chief Alternatives in China The United States in Chinese Politics FOOTNOTES:

APPENDIX I. GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS A. THE GOVERNMENT DRAFT OF THE PROPOSED CONSTITUTION[1]

Chapter I. General Provisions Chapter II. Rights and Duties of the Citizens Chapter III. The People's Congress Chapter IV. The Central Government

Section 1. The President Section 2. The Executive Yuan Section 3. The Legislative Yuan Section 4. The Judicial Yuan Section 5. The Examination Yuan Section 6. The Censor Yuan

Chapter V. The Local Institutions

Section 1. The Provinces Section 2. The Districts Section 3. The Municipalities

Chapter VI. National Economic Life Chapter VII. Education Chapter VIII. The Enforcement and Amendment of the Constitution FOOTNOTE:

B. THE SYSTEM OF ORGANIZATION OF THE NATIONAL CONGRESS[1]

FOOTNOTE:

C. ACT OF THE LEGISLATIVE YÜAN, APRIL 31, XXVI (1937) GOVERNING THE ELECTION OF REPRESENTATIVES TO THE NATIONAL CONGRESS[1]

Chapter I. General Principles Chapter II. District Election Chapter III. Professional Election Chapter IV. Special Elections

Section 1. Elections in the Provinces of Liaoning, Kirin, Heilungkiang and Jehol Section 2. Elections in Mongolia and Tibet Section 3. Representatives from Overseas Section 4. Elections in the Army, Navy, and Air Forces

Chapter V. Election of the Chief Election Office and of the Election Inspectors Chapter VI. Election and Forfeited Election Chapter VII. Law Suits Concerning Election Affairs Chapter VIII. Supplement FOOTNOTE:

D. THE PROGRAM OF RESISTANCE AND RECONSTRUCTION[1]

A. GENERAL PRINCIPLES: B. DIPLOMACY: C. MILITARY AFFAIRS: D. POLITICS: E. ECONOMICS: F. MASS MOVEMENT: G. EDUCATION: FOOTNOTE:

E. AN OUTLINE OF WAR-TIME CONTROLMENT[1]

THE CONTROL YÜAN: FOOTNOTE:

F. A CHART OF THE CONTROL YÜAN FROM JULY 1937 TO JUNE 1940[1]

THE READJUSTMENT: THE FUNCTIONS: THE PRESENT ORGANIZATION: THE WORK: THE MINISTRY OF AUDIT: FOOTNOTES:

G. REGULATIONS CONCERNING THE ORGANIZATION OF THE VARIOUS CLASSIFICATIONS OF HSIEN[1]

A. GENERAL PRINCIPLES B. THE Hsien GOVERNMENT (hsien chêng-fu) C. THE Hsien PEOPLE'S COUNCIL (hsien ts'ang-chêng hui) D. FINANCES OF A Hsien E. Ch'ü F. Hsiang[3] G. THE Hsiang PEOPLE'S COUNCIL H. FINANCE OF THE Hsiang I. Pao AND Chia FOOTNOTES:

H. A CHART OF GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION APPENDIX II. DOCUMENTS ON PARTY POLITICS A. A CHART OF KUOMINTANG ORGANIZATION B. CONSTITUTION OF THE SAN MIN CHU I YOUTH CORPS, YEAR XXVII (1938)[1]

Chapter I. General Principles Chapter II. Membership Chapter III. System of Organization Chapter IV. The Corps Leader Chapter V. The All-Corps Representative Assembly and Other Meetings of Representatives Chapter VI. The Central Headquarters Chapter VII. The Branch Corps Chapter VIII. The Divisional Corps Chapter IX. The Sectional Corps Chapter X. The Divisional Troop Chapter XI. The Sectional Troop Chapter XII. The Election of Officers and Their Term of Service Chapter XIII. Discipline Chapter XIV. Fees Chapter XV. Amendments, etc. FOOTNOTE:

C. THE DUTIES AND GENERAL ACTIVITIES OF THE SAN MIN CHU I YOUTH CORPS (CH'ÊN CH'ÊNG)[1]

Outline A. The Duties and Nature of the Corps

1. The Duties 2. The Activities 3. The Nature

B. The Growth and the Plan concerning the Intensification of the Works of the Corps

1. The Growth 2. Plan concerning the Intensification of Activities

C. The General Activities of the Corps

1. Organization 2. The Training 3. Publicity 4. Social Work 5. Financial Assistance

D. General Discussion of the Two Years' Activities of the Corps and the Principles Governing the Nation's Youth

1. Discussion of the Corps' Past Work 2. Principles Guiding the Nation's Youth

FOOTNOTES:

D. THE HSIAO-TSU (SMALL GROUP) TRAINING PROGRAM[1]

Introduction A. Organization B. Conferences C. Guidance and Examination D. Appendix FOOTNOTES:

E. PARTY CONSTITUTION OF THE CHINESE COMMUNIST PARTY[1]

Chapter I. Title Chapter II. The Members Chapter III. The Organization Chapter IV. Branch Party Organs Chapter V. City and Country District Party Organs Chapter VI. Hsien and Municipal Party Organs Chapter VII. Provincial Party Organs Chapter VIII. The National Party Convention[4] Chapter IX. The National Party Congress Chapter X. The Central Party Committee[5] Chapter XI. The Central Control Committee[6] Chapter XII. The Party Discipline Chapter XIII. Party Finance Chapter XIV. Special Party Groups [Corps][7] Chapter XV. Relationship with the Communist Youth Corps[8] FOOTNOTES:

APPENDIX III. MATERIALS ON POLICY A. REPLY TO QUESTIONS (CHIANG K'AI-SHEK)[1]

FOOTNOTE:

B. WHAT I MEAN BY ACTION, OR A PHILOSOPHY OF ACTION (CHIANG K'AI-SHEK)[1]

The Truths We Must Endeavor to Grasp Anew Action Is Life Itself: the Tireless Pertinacity of Nature Our Example Action Is Not Mere Motion Action Is Nature at Work in Man: the Whole Universe Is the Scene of Action The Broadest Sense of Life The Revolution Demands Action of All Men at All Times The Meaning of Ease Sincerity the Root of Action and Goodwill The Laws of Action

One: The Starting Point Two: Ordered Unfolding of Plans Three: Unswerving Aim at the Target Four: The Even Texture of a Life of Action

Formation and Constancy of Purpose Action Engenders Knowledge Comrades in Revolution! Resolve Anew! FOOTNOTE:

C. DEFINITION OF THE PROBLEMS CONCERNING THE ORGANIZATION OF THE VARIOUS CLASSIFICATIONS OF HSIEN (CHIANG K'AI-SHEK)[1]

A. Readjustments in the Relations among the Various Administrative Party and Political Organizations of the Hsien B. Political Organizations C. People's Organs through Which Popular Political Opinions May Be Expressed Explanation FOOTNOTES:

D. A DISCUSSION OF MAO TSÊ-TUNG'S COMMENTS ON THE PRESENT STATE OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS (CH'ÊN KUO-HSIN)[1]

I. The Question of Unexpected Political "Coups" II. Is the German-Soviet Pact Casual? III. Why the German-Soviet Pact? IV. A Discussion on the "New Front" as Made in a Chinese Story-Teller's Way V. A Single Enemy? Or a Single Ally? VI. A Reasonless Conclusion FOOTNOTES:

E. CHINA'S LONG-RANGE DIPLOMATIC ORIENTATION (WANG CH'UNG-HUI)[1]

1. Outline of China's Foreign Policy 2. China's Stand Vis-à-Vis Japan 3. Non-Recognition of Puppet Regimes 4. China's Foreign Relations Based on Nine-Power Treaty FOOTNOTE:

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