Shields’ General Thoracic Surgery, 8e, Vol-1-2 by Joseph LoCicero III, MD -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Title Page Copyright Dedication Contributing Authors Preface to the Eighth Edition Preface to the First Edition Acknowledgments Video List Contents Part A volution of General Thoracic Surgery

SECTION I History and Pioneers in Thoracic Surgery

1 The History of Thoracic Surgery 2 Pulmonary Surgery After Mechanical Ventilation 3 Minimally Invasive Thoracic Surgery

PART B The Lung, Pleura, Diaphragm, and Chest Wall

SECTION II Structure and Function of The Chest Wall and Lungs

4 Anatomy of the Thorax 5 Embryology of the Lungs 6 Ultrastructure and Morphometry of the Human Lung 7 Cellular and Molecular Biology of the Lung 8 Surgical Anatomy of the Lungs 9 Lymphatics of the Lungs 10 Mechanics of Breathing and Pulmonary Gas Exchange

SECTION III Thoracic Imaging

11 Standard Radiographic Evaluation of the Lungs and Chest 12 Computed Tomography of the Lungs, Pleura, and Chest Wall 13 Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Thorax 14 Radionucleotide Studies of the Lung 15 Thoracic PET CT

SECTION IV Diagnostic Procedures

16 Laboratory Investigations in the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Diseases 17 Molecular Diagnostic Studies and Genomic Studies in Pulmonary Disease

SECTION V Diagnostic Procedures In Pulmonary Diseases

18 Bronchoscopic Evaluation of the Lungs and Tracheobronchial Tree 19 Ultrasound and Endoscopic Bronchoscopic Ultrasound in the Evaluation of the Lungs, Mediastinum, and Pleura 20 Mediastinoscopy 21 Transcervical Mediastinal Lymphadenectomy 22 Invasive Diagnostic Procedures

SECTION VI Preoperative Assessment of the Thoracic Surgical Patient

23 General Risk Assessment of Patients for Thoracic Surgical Procedures 24 Pulmonary Physiologic Assessment of Operative Risk

SECTION VII Preoperative And Anesthetic Management of The General Thoracic Surgical Patient

25 Preoperative Preparation of the General Thoracic Surgical Patient 26 Conduct of Anesthesia

SECTION VIII Pulmonary Resections

27 Thoracic Incisions 28 Technical Aspects of Lobectomy 29 Pneumonectomy and Its Modifications 30 Sleeve Lobectomy 31 Tracheal Sleeve Pneumonectomy 32 Segmentectomy and Lesser Pulmonary Resections 33 Robotic-Assisted Surgery in Pulmonary Diseases 34 Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery for Wedge Resection, Lobectomy, and Pneumonectomy 35 Uniportal VATS Lobectomy 36 Awake, Non-Intubated Transpleural Surgery 37 Extended Resection of Pulmonary Carcinoma Including Chest Wall and Mediastinum 38 Surgical Resection of Superior Sulcus Lesions 39 Management of Air Leaks and Residual Pleural Spaces

SECTION IX Postoperative Management of The General Thoracic Surgical Patient

40 General Principles of Postoperative Care 41 Ventilatory Support of the Thoracic Surgical Patient 42 Complications of Thoracic Surgical Procedures

SECTION X The Chest Cage

43 Chest Wall Deformities 44 Hernias of the Chest Wall 45 Infections of the Chest Wall 46 Thoracic Outlet Syndrome 47 Transthoracic Approaches to the Spine 48 Chest Wall Tumors 49 Chest Wall Reconstruction

SECTION XI The Diaphragm

50 Embryology and Anatomy of the Diaphragm 51 Physiology of the Diaphragm and Surgical Approaches to the Paralyzed Diaphragm 52 Congenital Posterolateral Diaphragmatic Hernias and Other Less Common Hernias of the Diaphragm in Infants and Children 53 Foramen of Morgagni Hernia 54 Primary Tumors of the Diaphragm

SECTION XII The Pleura

55 Anatomy of the Pleura 56 Absorption of Gases Within the Pleural Space 57 Pneumothorax 58 Mechanics and Fluid Dynamics of Lung and Pleural Space 59 Benign Pleural Effusion 60 Parapneumonic Effusion, Empyema, and Fibrothorax 61 Postsurgical Empyema 62 Tuberculous and Fungal Infections of the Pleura 63 Thoracoplasty: Indications and Surgical Considerations 64 Anatomy of the Thoracic Duct and Chylothorax 65 Solitary Fibrous Tumors and Other Uncommon Neoplasms of the Pleura 66 Chemotherapy and Alternative Therapies for Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma 67 Surgical Approaches for Diffuse Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma 68 Malignant Pleural Effusions 69 Malignant Pericardial Effusions

SECTION XIII The Trachea and Bronchi

70 Tracheostomy 71 Therapeutic Bronchoscopic Procedures 72 Surgical Anatomy of the Trachea and Techniques of Resection and Reconstruction 73 Management of Nonneoplastic Diseases of the Trachea 74 Benign and Malignant Tumors of the Trachea 75 Compression of the Trachea by Vascular Rings

SECTION XIV Congenital, Structural, and Inflammatory Diseases of the Lung

76 Congenital Parenchymal Lesions of the Lungs 77 Pulmonary Complications of Cystic Fibrosis 78 Congenital Vascular Lesions of the Lungs 79 Chronic Pulmonary Emboli 80 COPD for CT Surgery 81 Bullous and Bleb Diseases of the Lung 83 Bacterial Infections of the Lungs and Bronchial Compressive Disorders 84 Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases of the Lung 85 Surgical Management of Tuberculous and Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections of the Lung 86 Thoracic Mycotic and Actinomycotic Infections of the Lung 87 Exotic Infections Requiring Surgical Intervention 88 Lung Transplantation

SECTION XV Carcinoma of The Lung

89 Lung Cancer: Epidemiology and Carcinogenesis 90 Lung Cancer Screening 91 Investigation and Management of Indeterminate Pulmonary Nodules 92 Pathology of Carcinoma of the Lung 93 Ex Vivo Diagnosis of Lung Cancer 94 Staging of Lung Cancer 95 Results of Surgical Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer 96 Mediastinal Lymph Node Dissection 97 Unknown Primary Malignancy Metastatic to Thoracic Lymph Nodes 98 Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer 99 Radiation for Lung Cancer 100 Multimodality Therapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer 101 Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer 102 Emerging Technologies for Management of Lung Cancer in Patients With Marginal Physiologic Function 103 Small-Cell Lung Cancer

SECTION XVI Other Tumors of the Lung

104 Carcinoid Tumors 105 Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma and Other Primary Salivary Gland–Type Tumors of the Lung 106 Benign Tumors of the Lung 107 Uncommon Primary Malignant Tumors of the Lung 108 Pulmonary Metastases 109 Pulmonary Malignancies in the Immunocompromised Host

SECTION XVII Thoracic Trauma

110 Blunt and Penetrating Injuries of the Chest Wall, Pleura, Diaphragm, and Lungs 111 Barotrauma and Inhalation Injuries 112 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome 113 Management of Foreign Bodies of the Aerodigestive Tract 114 Blunt and Penetrating Injuries of the Esophagus 115 Esophageal Perforation

SECTION XVIII Understanding Statistical Analysis And Medical Decision Making

116 Statistics and Medical Decision Making for the Surgeon 117 Clinical Practice Guidelines in General Thoracic Surgery 118 Rationale for and Use of Large National Databases 119 ICD-10: Implications for Future Clinical Research and Reporting 120 Instruments and Resources for Quality Improvement in Thoracic Surgery

PART C The Esophagus

SECTION XIX Structure of the Esophagus

121 Embryology of the Aerodigestive Tract 122 Anatomy of the Esophagus 123 Lymphatic Drainage of the Esophagus

SECTION XX Physiology of The Esophagus

124 Anatomy, Physiology, and Physiologic Studies of the Esophagus

SECTION XXI Diagnostic Studies of The Esophagus

125 Radiologic Evaluation of the Esophagus 126 Endoscopy of the Esophagus 127 Esophageal Ultrasound

SECTION XXII Operative Procedures in The Management of Esophageal Disease

128 Operative Strategies for Esophageal Dysmotility Disorders 129 Surgical Techniques for the Treatment of Reflux Disease 130 Techniques of Esophagectomy 130A Transthoracic Resection of the Esophagus 130B Extended Resection for Esophageal Carcinoma 130C Transhiatal Esophagectomy Without Thoracotomy 130D Vagal-Sparing Esophagectomy 130E Video-Assisted and Robotic Esophagectomy 131 Alternative Conduits for Replacement of the Esophagus 132 Per-Oral Esophageal Procedures 133 Esophageal Stents

SECTION XXIII Congenital, Structural, and Inflammatory Diseases of the Esophagus

134 Congenital Anomalies of the Esophagus 135 Inflammatory Diseases of the Esophagus 136 Esophageal Motility Disorders 137 Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease 138 Barrett’s Esophagus 139 Paraesophageal Hiatal Hernia 140 Esophageal Diverticula 141 Benign Tumors, Cysts, and Duplications of the Esophagus

SECTION XXIV Malignant Lesions of The Esophagus

142 Carcinoma of the Esophagus 142 Appendix: 2009 AJCC/UICC Staging of Esophageal Cancer 143 Staging of Esophageal Cancer 144 Multimodality Therapy for Esophageal Cancer 145 Less Common Malignant Tumors of the Esophagus 146 Palliative Approaches to Inoperable Esophageal Cancer

PART D The Mediastinum

SECTION XXV Structure and Function of The Mediastinal Contents

147 The Mediastinum, Its Compartments, and the Mediastinal Lymph Nodes 148 The Thymus 149 Mediastinal Parathyroids 150 Neurogenic Structures of the Mediastinum

SECTION XXVI Noninvasive Investigations

151 Radiographic, Computed Tomographic, and Magnetic Resonance Investigation of the Mediastinum 152 Radionuclide Studies of the Mediastinum 153 Mediastinal Tumor Markers

SECTION XXVII Invasive Diagnostic Investigations and Surgical Approaches

154 Sternotomy and Thoracotomy for Mediastinal Disease 155 Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery for Mediastinal Tumors and Cysts and Other Diseases Within the Mediastinum 156 Surgical Techniques for Thymectomy 156A Standard Thymectomy 156B Transcervical Thymectomy 156C Operative Techniques of VATS and Robotic VATS Thymectomy 156D Extended Transsternal Thymectomy With or Without Cervical Incision

SECTION XXVIII Mediastinal Infections, Mass Lesions in the Mediastinum, and Control of Vascular Obstructing Symptomatology

157 Acute and Chronic Mediastinal Infections 158 Primary Mediastinal Tumors and Cysts and Diagnostic Investigation of Mediastinal Masses 159 Lesions Masquerading as Primary Mediastinal Tumors or Cysts 160 Primary Pneumomediastinum 161 Vascular Masses of the Mediastinum 162 Superior Vena Cava Syndrome: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Treatment 163 Surgical Management of Benign Sympathetic Nervous System Conditions

SECTION XXIX Primary Mediastinal Tumors and Syndromes Associated With Mediastinal Lesions

164 Myasthenia Gravis 165 Evaluation of Results of Thymectomy for Nonthymomatous Myasthenia Gravis 166 Tumors of the Thymus 167 Benign Lymph Node Disease Involving the Mediastinum 168 Diagnosis and Treatment of Mediastinal Lymphomas 169 Benign and Malignant Germ Cell Tumors of the Mediastinum 170 Benign and Malignant Neurogenic Tumors of the Mediastinum in Children and Adults 171 Less Common Mediastinal Tumors 172 Mesenchymal Tumors of the Mediastinum

SECTION XXX Mediastinal Cysts

173 Foregut Cysts of the Mediastinum in Infants and Children 174 Foregut Cysts of the Mediastinum in Adults

Index

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