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Index
Title
Copyright
Dedication
About the Authors
Brief Contents
Contents
Regional and Country Coverage
Timelines, Figures, Tables, Maps, and Boxes
Preface
PART I: A Framework for Understanding Comparative Politics
Chapter 1: Introduction
The Big Issues
Comparative Politics: What Is It? Why Study It? How to Study It?
Methods in Context: Critically Examining How Comparativists Do Research
Three Key Questions in Comparative Politics
Conclusion
Plan of the Book
Where and Why
Key Concepts
Works Cited
Resources for Further Study
Web Resources
Chapter 2: The Modern State
Characteristics of the Modern State
In Context: New States and the United Nations
Mini Case: Somaliland: Internal versus External Sovereignty
Historical Origins of Modern States
Strong, Weak, and Failed States
Where and Why: Failed and Sustainable States
Mini Case: Afghanistan’s Failed State
Mini Case: Sierra Leone and Liberia: Collapsed States
Case Studies of State Formation
Country and Concept: The Modern State
Case Study: United Kingdom: A Strong, Modern State
Case Study: The United States: A Consciously Crafted State
Case Study: Japan: Determined Sovereignty
Case Study: Germany: The First Modern Welfare State
Case Study: Brazil: A Moderately Strong, and Now Legitimate, Modern State
Case Study: Russia: Strong External Sovereignty with Weak Rule of Law
Case Study: Mexico: Challenges to Internal Sovereignty
Case Study: Iran: Claiming Legitimacy via Theocracy
Case Study: India: Enduring Democracy in a Moderately Weak State
Case Study: China: Economic Legitimacy over Political Reform
Case Study: Nigeria: An Extremely Weak State
Conclusion
Key Concepts
Works Cited
Resources for Further Study
Web Resources
Chapter 3: States and Citizens
Country and Concept: Modern Regimes
Regimes, Ideologies, and Citizens
Where and Why: Authoritarian versus Democratic Rule
Case Study: United Kingdom: “Cradle of Democracy”
Case Study: Russia: The First Self-Proclaimed Communist Regime
Case Study: Germany: Rise of the Nazi Party and a Totalitarian State
Mini Case: Tanzania’s One-Party Regime
Case Study: Brazil: The Bureaucratic Authoritarian State, 1964–1985
Case Study: Nigeria: Neopatrimonial Military Rule, 1966–1979 and 1983–1999
Case Study: Mexico: Semi-Authoritarianism under the PRI
Case Study: The Islamic Republic of Iran: Theocratic State, 1979–
Conclusion
Key Concepts
Works Cited
Resources for Further Study
Web Resources
Chapter 4: States and Identity
Country and Concept: Ethnicity, Race, and Religion
The Debate over Identity
Nations and Nationalism
Case Study: Nationalism in Germany
Ethnicity and Religion
Mini Case: Consociationalism in Northern Ireland
Methods in Context: Explaining Ethnic Violence
Case Study: Nigeria’s Strange History of Ethnicity and Religion
Mini Case: Rwanda: Trying to Understand Genocide
Race
Case Study: Racial Politics in the United States
Case Study: Race in Brazil
In Context: Race and Ethnicity in Latin America
Conclusion
Key Concepts
Works Cited
Resources for Further Study
Web Resources
Chapter 5: States and Markets
Country and Concept: States and Markets
The Market, Capitalism, and the State
Key Economic Debates
Where and Why: The Successes and Failures of SAPs
Globalization: A New World Order or Déjà Vu All Over Again?
States and Markets around the World
Case Study: The United States: The Free-Market Model
In Context: Central Banks
Case Study: Germany: The Social Market Economy
Mini Case: The European Union, Economic Sovereignty, and Globalization
Case Study: Japan: The Developmental State and Its Crisis
Mini Case: Chile: Early Neoliberal Reformer
Case Study: Mexico: From Protectionism to Neoliberalism
Case Study: Nigeria: A Weak State, Oil, and Corruption
In Context: Nigeria as an Oil Exporter
Conclusion
Key Concepts
Works Cited
Resources for Further Study
Web Resources
PART II: Political Systems and How They Work
Chapter 6: Governing Institutions in Democracies
Country and Concept: Snapshot of Governing Institutions
Executives and Legislatures
Mini Case: Coalition Government in Israel’s Parliamentary System
Case Study: Parliamentary Rule in Britain and India
Where and Why: Parliaments and Presidents
Case Study: Presidentialism in the United States and Brazil
Case Study: Russia: Semipresidentialism in a New Democracy with Weak Institutions
In Context: Semipresidential Systems
Judiciary
Case Study: The Judiciary: Germany and Brazil
Bureaucracy
Methods in Context: When Do Politicians Constrain Bureaucrats, and When Do They Not?
Case Study: Bureaucratic Control and Corruption: Japan and India
Where and Why: Explaining Corruption
Federalism
In Context: Federalism
Case Study: Federalism: Brazil, India, and Russia
Conclusion
Key Concepts
Works Cited
Resources for Further Study
Web Resources
Chapter 7: Institutions of Participation and Representation in Democracies
Country and Concept: Parties, Elections, and Civil Society
Formal Institutions: The Electoral System
Where and Why: Women in Power
Formal Institutions: Political Parties and Party Systems
Methods in Context: What’s the Trouble with Political Parties?
Mini Case: France and the Shift toward a Two-Party System
Civil Society
Patron-Client Relationships
Case Studies in Participation and Representation
Case Study: The United Kingdom and the United States: FPTP and Pluralist Systems in Different Contexts
In Context: FPTP
Case Study: Germany: Two-and-a-Half-Party System and Neocorporatism under Threat
Case Study: Japan: From Dominant-Party to Two-Party System?
In Context: SNTV
Case Study: India: From Dominant-Party to Multiparty Democracy
Conclusion
Key Concepts
Works Cited
Resources for Further Study
Web Resources
Chapter 8: Authoritarian Institutions
Country and Concept: Authoritarian Rule
Governing Institutions in Authoritarian Regimes
Where and Why: Institutional Limits on Dictators’ Rule
Mini Case: The “Politics of Survival” in Mobutu’s Zaire
Case Study: China: From Communist to Modernizing Authoritarian Rule
In Context: The Decline of Communism
Case Study: Iran: Theocracy or Military Dictatorship?
Case Study: Nigeria: Weakening Institutions under Military Rule
In Context: Authoritarian Rule in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), 1970–2010
Elections, Parties, and Civil Society in Authoritarian Regimes
Mini Case: Egypt and Tunisia: The Unraveling of Semi-Authoritarian Regimes
Case Study: China: Growing Participation but Not Democracy or Semi-Authoritarian Rule
Case Study: Iran: From Participation and Reform to Renewed Repression
In Context: Iran and the Middle East
Case Study: Nigeria: Declining Participation amid Increasingly Personalist Rule
Conclusion
Key Concepts
Works Cited
Resources for Further Study
Web Resources
Chapter 9: Regime Change
Country and Concept: Regime Change and Outcome
The Military in Politics: Coups d’Etat
Where and Why: Coups in Africa: Colonialism or Contagion?
Case Study: Comparing Coups: Brazil and Nigeria
In Context: Military Coups in Latin America by Decade
In Context: Military Coups in Africa by Decade
Revolution
Case Study: Revolution: China and Iran
Democratization
Methods in Context: Does Modernization Cause Democracy?
Mini Case: Ghana, an African Democratic Success Story
Case Study: Brazil: Model Transition and the Question of Democratic Deepening
In Context: Freedom in Brazil and Latin America
Case Study: Mexico: Transition from a Semi-Authoritarian Regime
Case Study: Russia: Transition to a Semi-Authoritarian Regime
Case Study: Nigeria: Neopatrimonial Transition
In Context: Freedom in Africa
Conclusion
Key Concepts
Works Cited
Resources for Further Study
Web Resources
PART III: Issues and Policies
Chapter 10: Globalization, Economic Sovereignty, and Development
Country and Concept: Globalization, Economic Sovereignty, and Development
Wealthy Countries: Globalization and Economic Sovereignty
Case Study: United Kingdom: Radical Reform in a Liberal Market Economy
Case Study: Germany: Struggling to Reform a Coordinated Market Economy
In Context: Government and Growth in the EU
Development and Globalization
Methods in Context: Do Democracies or Dictatorships Produce Better Development?
Mini Case: Turkey: A Middle Eastern “Tiger”?
Where and Why: Asian Miracle versus African Malaise
Case Study: China: An Emerging Powerhouse
Case Study: India: Development and Democracy
Case Study: Brazil: Does Globalization Allow a Different Path?
In Context: Brazilian Economic Growth
Case Study: Iran: Struggling with the Blessings of Oil
Conclusion
Key Concepts
Works Cited
Resources for Further Study
Web Resources
Chapter 11: Public Policies When Markets Fail: Welfare, Health, and the Environment
Country and Concept: Welfare, Health, and the Environment
“Welfare”: Social Policy in Comparative Perspective
Mini Case: Sweden’s Welfare State
Where and Why: The Development of Welfare States
Case Study: Germany: Reforming the Christian Democratic Welfare State
In Context: The German Welfare State
Case Study: The United States: Reforming the Liberal Welfare State
Case Study: Brazil: Starting a Welfare State in a Developing Economy
Health Care and Health Policy
• In Context: Health Care in Wealthy Countries, 2009
• Methods in Context: Can Democracy Make You Healthier?
Case Study: Germany: Pioneer of Modern Health Policy
Case Study: United Kingdom: Reforming the NHS
Case Study: U.S. Health Policy: Trials and Tribulations of the Market Model
Environmental Problems and Policy
Case Study: The United States: Pioneer That Lost Its Way?
Case Study: China: Searching for Sustainable Development
Case Study: Nigeria and Oil: A Question of Environmental Justice and Sustainable Development
Conclusion
Key Concepts
Works Cited
Resources for Further Study
Web Resources
Chapter 12: Policies and Politics of Inclusion and Clashing Values
Country and Concept: Policies and Politics of Inclusion and Clashing Values
The Debate over Inclusion and Group Rights
Religion: Recognition, Autonomy, and the Secular State
Mini Case: Islamic Head Scarves in France and Turkey
Where and Why: Explaining Policy Differences toward Muslims in Europe
Case Study: United Kingdom: Religious Challenge to Multiculturalism
Case Study: India: Secularism in a Religious and Religiously Plural Society
Case Study: Mexico: Anticlericalism in a Catholic Country
Gender: The Continuing Struggle for Equal Social Status, Representation, and Participation
Mini Case: Women in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait
Case Study: Russia: Women through Social and Political Transformation
Case Study: Iran: Social Gains, Political and Cultural Restrictions, and Islamic Feminism
In Context: Women in Iran and the Middle East
Sexual Orientation: Assimilation or Liberation?
Case Study: The United States: Birthplace of a Movement but Limited Policy Change
Case Study: Brazil: LGBT Rights in a New Democracy
Conclusion
Key Concepts
Works Cited
Resources for Further Study
Web Resources
Glossary
Index
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