[Gutenberg 22118] • Official Report of the Niger Valley Exploring Party by Delany, Martin Robison -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

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OFFICIAL REPORT OF THE NIGER VALLEY EXPLORING PARTY by Martin R Delany

Published 1861

Contents I

POLITICAL MOVEMENTS

Call For A National Emigration Convention Of Colored Men To be held in Cleveland, Ohio, on the 24th, 25th, and 26th of August, 1854 Organization of the National Board of Commissioners Departments

SUCCEEDING CONVENTIONS

GENERAL BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS Other Members

III

HISTORY OF THE PROJECT

A Grand Scheme for the Colored Race African Commission The Niger Valley Exploring Party EXPEDITION TO AFRICA To Promote the Cultivation of Cotton and Other Products of Slave-Labor by Emigrants from America

ARRIVAL AND RECEPTION IN LIBERIA

Arrival in Africa Monrovia Reception Public Lecture Missionary Greeting Correspondence Reception Meeting at Palmas

LIBERIA—CLIMATE, SOIL, PRODUCTIONS, ETC.

Territory, Climate Temperature Comparative Temperature Bees Soil, Stone, Minerals, Productions Domestic Animals, Fowls, Goats, Sheep, Swine, Cattle Horses, None. Why? Horse Feed, Pasturage, Hay No Cultivated Farms—No Shelter for Horses No Horses; Why, and Why Not Exploration. Farms, Sugar, Coffee Schools Churches Missionaries Business, Professions, Theology, Medicine, Law Council Public Affairs, Municipal and Public Improvements The Capital No City Self-Reliance, Ways and Means Executive Munificence Official and Personal Favors Settlement and Sites of Towns Buildings Public Meeting

VI DISEASES—CAUSE—REMEDY

First Symptoms

Second Stage of Symptoms Third Stage of Symptoms Its Effects Recovery Diseases Native Diseases, Peculiar Character in Liberia Causes Complication Remedies, Natural and Artificial Treatment Locality

VII THE INTERIOR—YORUBA

Coasting. Cape Coast Castle, Bight of Benin

Explorations. Abbeokuta Towns from Abbeokuta Return to Lagos

VIII TOPOGRAPHY, CLIMATE, ETC.

Topography, Climate

First Plateau and Second Plateau, or Table Lands Soil Stone Formation Minerals, Iron, Copper, Zinc Productions Timber Medical Productions Fruits Agricultural Products Palm Oil Palm Trees Cultivated. Camwood. Ivory Indian Corn or Maize, Peas, Beans, Ginger, Pepper, Arrowroot, &c Kitchen Vegetables Potatoes, None Manufactories Iron, Brass, Glass Inhabitants How Received by Them Native Estimate of Civilized Educated Men Influence of Civilization—Native Demonstration Official Transactions Treaty Executive Council, and Ratification of the Treaty Native Confidence; Hopes in Educated Blacks; Princess Tinuba Royal Deference to Black Men Domestic Animals; Fowls, Chickens, Ducks, Muscovy, Turkeys Swine; Common, Guinea Goats, Sheep Cattle—Mandingo and Golah Horses; Aku, Bornou Aku, or Yoruba Horse Bornou, or Soudan Horse Game; Quadrupeds Wild Fowl Markets, and Domestic Habits of the People Native Houses and Cities Conjugal and Filial Affection. Activity of Children Population of Monrovia and the State Canine and Feline Slavery How Slaves Are Obtained

DISEASES OF THIS PART OF AFRICA, TREATMENT, HYGIENE, ALIMENT

Diseases, Face of the Country, Spring Water To Keep Water Cool. Kind of Vessels Cool Water To Keep the Cloth Wet. Apparatus Atmosphere Kinds of Disease Guinea Worm What Is Guinea Worm? Treatment of Diseases—Diarrhoea Dysentery Fever Antidote Regimen Hygiene—Eating Coffee, Air, Fruits Drinks Bathing Early Rising—Breezes Never Sultry Dress, Avoid Getting Wet Sanitary Measures Ventilation of Houses Test of Night Air Test of Exposure Improved Window and Door Ventilation Sanitary Effects of Ants—Termites, and Drivers Drivers How They Travel How to Drive Them Out of the Houses How to Destroy Them Their Pugnacious and Martial Character Cesspools Wild Beasts and Reptiles

X MISSIONARY INFLUENCE

Protestant Missionaries

Influence of Roman Catholic Religion in Favor of Slavery Influence of Protestant Religion against Slavery, and in Favor of Civilization Kindness of Missionaries and Personal Acknowledgments Hints to Those to Whom They Apply Changing Names

WHAT AFRICA NOW REQUIRES

What Missionary Labor Has Done How It Was Done The Result, If Not Timely Aided by Legitimate Means Missionary Aid, Christianity and Law or Government Must Harmonize, to Be Effective of Good Like Seeks Like Natives Desire Higher Social Relations Native Doubts Respecting the Eventual Good Effects of Missionary Labor The Proper Element as Progressive Missionary Agencies Precaution against Error in the First Steps National Character Essential to the Successful Regeneration of Africa

XII

TO DIRECT LEGITIMATE COMMERCE

First Steps in Political Economy The Basis of a Great Nation—National Wealth Advantageous Location Metropolis Trade of Lagos Harbor Improvements Religious and Philanthropic means Stopping the Slave Trade Means of Doing It Subsidizing the King of Dahomi

XIII

COTTON STAPLE

Natural Elements to Produce Cotton Africans the Only Reliable Producers Serious Contingencies and Uncertainty in American Cotton Supply Superior Advantages of Africa over All Other Countries in the Production of Cotton Importance of the African Race in the Social and Political Relations of the World The African Race Sustains Great Britain The Negro Race Sustains the Whites—Able to Sustain Themselves Home Trade Coast Trade Domestic Trade, Corn Meal, Guinea Corn and Yam Flour Candy Soap Coloring and Dying. Making Indigo Weaving and Cloth Manufacturing; Leather A Fixed Policy for the Blacks, as a Fundamental Necessity Internal Medium of Communication. Navigable Rivers Native Government

XIV

SUCCESS IN GREAT BRITAIN

Departure from Africa and Arrival in England First Meeting Origin of the African Aid Society What Black Men Want Primary Objects of the African Aid Society

AFRICAN AID SOCIETY

7,[8] ADAMS STREET, STRAND, W. C., LONDON PRESIDENT VICE-PRESIDENTS COUNCIL

STATEMENT OF OBJECTS AND RULES

"Cotton Is KING! In America" "Cotton Is BREAD! In England"

Fugitive-Aid Society in Canada Heathen and Slave-Trade Horrors

AFRICAN AID SOCIETY PAPER FOR INTENDING SETTLERS IN AFRICA

COMMERCIAL RELATIONS IN SCOTLAND

Commercial Relations Business Integrity Public Endorsement From the Daily Chronicle From the Glasgow Herald From the Leeds Mercury (England) Character of Commercial Relations Reliable Arrangements

XVI

THE TIME TO GO TO AFRICA

Caution against Danger Safety in Landing A Tender Rainy Season Drizzling Rain, Sudden Showers Tornadoes Summer Winter Harmattans

XVII

CONCLUDING SUGGESTIONS

Native Mariners The Fever—Stages Of Cold Stage Kneading or Friction-Bath. Hot Stage Lime-Bath Soda Sweating Stage All the stages Fatigue-Clothes—Caution Colonization—an Error in Philanthropy Activity Conducive to Health Evidences of the Fact

FOOTNOTES

CLASSICS IN BLACK STUDIES EDITORIAL BOARD

Norm R. Allen Jr.

Molefi Kete Asante Toyin Falola

CLASSICS IN BLACK STUDIES

THE CONDITION, ELEVATION, EMIGRATION, AND DESTINY OF THE COLORED PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES and OFFICIAL REPORT OF THE NIGER VALLEY EXPLORING PARTY

Martin R. Delany Toyin Falola

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