The Routledge Handbook of the Stoic Tradition by Sellars, John -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Dedication Table of Contents Acknowledgements Abbreviations List of contributors Introduction Part I: Antiquity and the Middle Ages

1. Stoicism in Rome

Seneca Musonius Rufus Epictetus Marcus Aurelius Hierocles Coda References

2. Stoicism in early Christianity: The Apostle Paul and the Evangelist John as Stoics

Paul on how to overcome akrasia: two questions for Romans 7:7–8:13 John on how to overcome Jesus’ death: John 13:31–17:26 Answering the philosophical question Jesus and the Paraclete: the immediate and the distant future Conclusion on Paul and John as Stoics Stoicism in early Christianity beyond the New Testament Notes Further reading References

3. Plotinus and the Platonic response to Stoicism

Introduction Materialism and mechanism Epistemology Free will, determinism, and moral responsibility Happiness Conclusion Notes References

4. Augustine’s debt to Stoicism in the Confessions

Self-affiliation Maturation of self-affiliation: social bonds Augustine’s self-critiques: distorted impulses, social immaturity, failures in “proper functions” Conclusions Notes Further reading References

5. Boethius and Stoicism

Boethius’s criticism of Stoicism in his logical commentaries The presence of Stoicism in the Consolation “Canine spiritedness”: a psychological foundation for Stoicism Stoicism: anesthetic to apparent goods and evils Stoicism: thinking within the horizon of “a rational, mortal animal, and nothing more” Notes References

6. Stoic themes in Peter Abelard and John of Salisbury

Abelard John of Salisbury Notes Further reading References

7. Stoic influences in the later Middle Ages

Stoicism was “everywhere and nowhere” Ethics: a history of texts and translators Receiving Aristotle: William of Auxerre, prudence as discretio Interpreting Aristotle: Albert the Great and phronêsis Integrating Aristotle: Thomas Aquinas and recta ratio agibilium Conclusions Notes Further reading References

Part II: Renaissance and Reformation

8. The recovery of Stoicism in the Renaissance

Spuria and forgeries Syncretism and conflation Foremost on the virtues Chronology of textual multiplication Notes Further reading References

9. Stoicism in the philosophy of the Italian Renaissance

The early fifteenth century The mid-fifteenth century The late fifteenth century The early sixteenth century Notes Further reading References

10. Erasmus, Calvin, and the faces of Stoicism in Renaissance and Reformation thought

Contexts for Erasmus’s and Calvin’s conceptions of Stoicism Erasmus’s and Calvin’s editions of Seneca Erasmus Calvin Conclusion Notes Further reading References

11. Justus Lipsius and Neostoicism

Lipsius’s life Physics, metaphysics, and natural theology Anthropology and morality Politics and history Conclusion Notes References

12. Shakespeare and early modern English literature

Notes References

Part III: Early modern Europe

13. Medicine of the mind in early modern philosophy

Introduction: a Baconian legacy Francis Bacon: a cure for intellectual self-delusion Descartes: the self-healing power of the mind Spinoza: from machina intellectus to automa spirituale Conclusion Acknowledgement Notes References

14. Stoic themes in early modern French thought

Guillaume du Vair Montaigne Charron Descartes Stoicism outside moral philosophy Anti-Stoicism Malebranche Antoine Le Grand Notes Further reading References

15. Spinoza and the Stoics

The similarities between Stoicism and Spinozism Spinoza’s interest in Stoicism How Spinoza formulated a Stoic system Acknowledgements Notes Further reading References

16. Leibniz and the Stoics: fate, freedom, and providence

Against “the sect of the new Stoics” Metaphysical rationalism: the identity of indiscernibles and the “Stoic connectedness” Against indeterminist freedom The idle argument Future contingents Spontaneity Intelligence as the “soul of freedom” and the freedom of the sage Providence and evil Notes Further reading References

17. The Epicurean Stoicism of the French Enlightenment

Montesquieu Diderot and La Mettrie Diderot and Rousseau Diderot’s Seneca Conclusion Note References

18. Stoicism and the Scottish Enlightenment

Christianity and Stoicism in Scotland before the Enlightenment At the dawn of the Enlightenment: Stoicism and Christianity in Hutcheson’s ethics of benevolence The Skeptic Hume on the Stoics and religion Smith and Christian Stoicism: conscience, self-command, and humanity Concluding remarks Acknowledgements Notes Further reading References

19. Kant and Stoic ethics

Introduction What is good? The internal determination the will as the source of value Nature, reason, and normativity Moral development: virtue, apathy, and inner attitude in struggle The highest good: virtue and happiness as the complete object of the faculty of desire Cicero, Garve, and Kant on perfect and imperfect duties Conclusion Acknowledgements Notes Further reading References

Part IV: The modern world

20. Stoicism in nineteenth-century German philosophy

Hegel Schopenhauer Nietzsche Notes References

21. Stoicism and Romantic literature

Eighteenth-century legacies: the rise of “literature” Revolution and radicalism Wordsworth and Coleridge Beyond Note References

22. Stoicism in Victorian culture

Stoicism in Victorian scholarship Stoicism and Christianity Marcus Aurelius and the Meditations Stoicism in popular discourse The limitations of “social Stoicism” Notes References

23. Stoicism in America

Stoicism in early America Nineteenth-century Stoicism Twentieth-century Stoicism Conclusion Acknowledgements Notes Further reading References

24. Stoic themes in contemporary Anglo-American ethics

Ethical theory Practical ethics Note References

25. Stoicism and twentieth-century French philosophy

Alain: the Stoic discovery of the will Sartre: is Stoicism compatible with existentialism? Canguilhem against Sartre: ethics as logic Stoicism as a logic of events and a system: Brochard, Bréhier, Goldschmidt, Vuillemin Deleuze: the Stoic ontology of sense as event Foucault: Stoicism as part of the Hellenistic and Roman “culture of the self” Foucault, Deleuze and philosophy as a Stoic art of events Acknowledgements Notes Further reading References

26. The Stoic influence on modern psychotherapy

Introduction Early psychotherapy and the Serenity Prayer Rational-emotive behavior therapy Rational emotions, “preference,” and the “reserve clause” Rational-emotive imagery and praemeditatio malorum Cognitive-behavioral therapy “Mindfulness” and “third-wave” CBT Conclusion Note Further reading References

Index

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