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Index
List of Illustrations /
Foreword / Alan R. Millard /
Preface / Alfred J. Hoerth /
Abbreviations /
Contributors /
Archeological Periods of Syria-Palestine /
Map of the Ancient Near East /
Sumerians / Walter R. Bodine /
Babylonians / Bill T. Arnold /
Assyrians / William C. Gwaltney Jr. /
Persians / Edwin M. Yamauchi /
Hittites / Harry A. Hoffner Jr. /
Canaanites and Amorites / Keith N. Schoville /
Phoenicians / William A. Ward /
Arameans / Wayne T. Pitard /
Philistines / David M. Howard Jr. /
Egyptians / James K. Hoffmeier /
Ammonites / Randall W. Younker /
Moabites / Gerald L. Mattingly /
Edomites / Kenneth G. Hoglund /
Subject Index /
Author Index /
Scripture Index /
The Sumerians are the only one of the thirteen groups to which a chapter of this volume is devoted w
That the Sumerians have not been as well known is due to several factors. One is the lack of attenti
Great strides have been taken toward the recovery of Sumerian civilization. Through roughly the firs
In the course of this century's investigations, it has become clear that the other civilizations tha
the city-state, the accumulation of capital, the wheel, the potter's wheel, monumental architectur
written legal documents, schools, and the cylinder seal 6
the Protoliterate period (ca. 3400-2900).
In search of the earliest detectable form of government in Mesopotamia, Assyriologists have found ev
If one were to think in terms of the modern distinction between secular and sacred, then the early S
This was an exaggeration, since evidence of private ownership of land appears in Early Dynastic te
It may be that the larger part of the land was owned by the temples in the early periods in southe
In the south, with the Sumerian system of city-states, the leading deity of the capital of a city-st
The religious capital of Sumer was the city of Nippur, the home of Enlil. According to Sumerian te
The Sumerians worshiped a number of important deities. An (or Anu), whose home was at Uruk, was rega
Of the published Sumerian literary compositions, there are about twenty that feature gods and goddes
For these reasons, caution is needed lest we draw interpretive conclusions too quickly from the Sume
but this stands in tension with the conclusion to the myth where Enlil is extolled as the sovereig
Yet such levels of meaning are still largely elusive. Still another scholar writes more recently o
In one of the myths of Inanna, "Inanna and Enki," the theme of the goddess's desire for increased pr
In "Enki and the World Order," the aspiration of Inanna for a wider dominion seems to be focal to th
In still another hymn, "the holy crown of An has been placed upon (her) head ... the holy scepter
rise of Inanna in the Mesopotamian pantheon, a process that can be traced in later texts about her S
The first period for which written records can be employed to any extent is known as Early Dynastic.
As far back as evidence allows one to trace the presence of Semites alongside Sumerians in Mesopot
of its literary genre and especially its purpose 25
The first seat of Mesopotamian kingship after the flood was at Kish according to the king list, whic
seemingly an allusion to a unifying of the country under his rule. He is also spoken of as "the on
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