Django · Web Development With Python by Dauzon, Samuel -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Django: Web Development with Python

Table of Contents Django: Web Development with Python Django: Web Development with Python Credits Preface

What this learning path covers What you need for this learning path Who this learning path is for Reader feedback Customer support

Downloading the example code Errata Piracy Questions

1. Module 1

1. Django's Position on the Web

From Web 1.0 to Web 2.0

Web 1.0 Web 2.0

What is Django?

Django – a web framework

The MVC framework Why use Django? Summary

2. Creating a Django Project

Installing Python 3

Installing Python 3 for Windows Installing Python 3 for Linux Installing Python 3 for Mac OS

Installing setuptools

Installing setuptools for Windows Installing setuptools for Linux Installing setuptools for Mac OS

Installing PIP

Installing PIP for Windows Installing PIP for Linux Installing PIP for Mac OS

Installing Django

Installing Django for Windows Installing Django for Linux Installing Django for Mac OS

Starting your project with Django Creating an application Configuring the application Summary

3. Hello World! with Django

Routing in Django Regular expressions

The uninterpreted characters The beginning and the end of the line The any character regular expression Character classes Validating the number of characters

Creating our first URL Creating our first view Testing our application Summary

4. Working with Templates

Displaying Hello world! in a template Injecting the data from the view to the template Creating dynamic templates Integrating variables in templates

Conditional statements Looping in a template

Using filters

The upper and lower filters

The lower filter The upper filter

The capfirst filter The pluralize filter The escape and safe to avoid XSS filters The linebreaks filter The truncatechars filter

Creating DRY URLs Extending the templates Using static files in templates Summary

5. Working with Models

Databases and Django Migrations with South

Installing South Using the South extension

Creating simple models

The UserProfile model The Project model

The relationship between the models

Creating the task model with relationships

Extending models The admin module

Installing the module Using the module

Advanced usage of models

Using two relationships for the same model Defining the str method

Summary

6. Getting a Model's Data with Querysets

The persisting model's data on the database

Filling a model and saving it in the database

Getting data from the database

Getting multiple records Getting only one record Getting a model instance from the queryset instance

Using the get parameter Saving the foreign key Updating records in the database

Updating a model instance Updating multiple records

Deleting a record Getting linked records Advanced usage of the queryset

Using an OR operator in a queryset Using the lower and greater than lookups Performing an exclude query Making a raw SQL query

Summary

7. Working with Django Forms

Adding a developer without using Django forms

Template of an HTML form The view using the POST data reception

Adding a developer with Django forms

CSRF protection The view with a Django form Template of a Django form

The form based on a model

The supervisor creation form

Advanced usage of Django forms

Extending the validation form Customizing the display of errors Using widgets Setting initial data in a form

When instantiating the form When defining fields

Summary

8. Raising Your Productivity with CBV

The CreateView CBV

An example of minimalist usage

Working with ListView

An example of minimalist usage Extending ListView

The DetailView CBV

An example of minimalist usage Extending DetailView

The UpdateView CBV

An example of minimalist usage Extending the UpdateView CBV

The DeleteView CBV Going further by extending the CBV

Using a custom class CBV update

Summary

9. Using Sessions

Creating and getting session variables

An example – showing the last task consulted

About session security Summary

10. The Authentication Module

How to use the authentication module

Configuring the Django application Editing the UserProfile model

Adding a user Login and logout pages Restricting access to the connected members

Restricting access to views Restricting access to URLs

Summary

11. Using AJAX with Django

Working with jQuery jQuery basics

CSS selectors in jQuery Getting back the HTML content Setting HTML content in an element Looping elements Importing the jQuery library

Working with AJAX in the task manager Summary

12. Production with Django

Completing the development Selecting the physical server Selecting the server software Selecting the server database Deploying the Django website

Installing PIP and Python 3 Installing PostgreSQL Installing virtualenv and creating a virtual environment

Installing Django, South, Gunicorn, and psycopg2

Configuring PostgreSQL Adaptation of Work_manager to production Initial South migration Using Gunicorn Starting Nginx

Summary

A. Cheatsheet

The field types in models

The numerical field type The string field type The temporal field type Other types of fields Relationship between models The model meta attributes Options common to all fields of models

The form fields

Common options for the form fields The widget form Error messages (forms and models)

The template language

Template tags

Loops in dictionaries Conditional statements

The template filters The queryset methods

2. Module 2

1. Getting Started with Django 1.8

Introduction Working with a virtual environment

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Creating a project file structure

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Handling project dependencies with pip

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… There's more… See also

Making your code compatible with both Python 2.7 and Python 3

Getting ready How to do it… How it works…

Including external dependencies in your project

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Configuring settings for development, testing, staging, and production environments

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Defining relative paths in the settings

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Creating and including local settings

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Setting up STATIC_URL dynamically for Subversion users

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Setting up STATIC_URL dynamically for Git users

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Setting UTF-8 as the default encoding for MySQL configuration

Getting ready How to do it… How it works…

Setting the Subversion ignore property

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Creating the Git ignore file

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Deleting Python-compiled files

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Respecting the import order in Python files

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… There's more… See also

Creating app configuration

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… There is more… See also

Defining overwritable app settings

Getting ready How to do it… How it works…

2. Database Structure

Introduction Using model mixins

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… There's more… See also

Creating a model mixin with URL-related methods

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Creating a model mixin to handle creation and modification dates

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Creating a model mixin to take care of meta tags

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Creating a model mixin to handle generic relations

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Handling multilingual fields

Getting ready How to do it… How it works…

Using migrations

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Switching from South migrations to Django migrations

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Changing a foreign key to the many-to-many field

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

3. Forms and Views

Introduction Passing HttpRequest to the form

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Utilizing the save method of the form

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Uploading images

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… There's more See also

Creating a form layout with django-crispy-forms

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… There's more… See also

Downloading authorized files

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Filtering object lists

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Managing paginated lists

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Composing class-based views

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… There's more… See also

Generating PDF documents

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Implementing a multilingual search with Haystack

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

4. Templates and JavaScript

Introduction Arranging the base.html template

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Including JavaScript settings

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Using HTML5 data attributes

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Opening object details in a modal dialog

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Implementing a continuous scroll

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Implementing the Like widget

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

Uploading images by Ajax

Getting ready How to do it… How it works… See also

5. Custom Template Filters and Tags

Introduction Following conventions for your own template filters and tags

How to do it...

Creating a template filter to show how many days have passed since a post was published

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... There's more... See also

Creating a template filter to extract the first media object

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... There's more... See also

Creating a template filter to humanize URLs

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Creating a template tag to include a template if it exists

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... There's more... See also

Creating a template tag to load a QuerySet in a template

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Creating a template tag to parse content as a template

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Creating a template tag to modify request query parameters

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

6. Model Administration

Introduction Customizing columns on the change list page

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... There's more... See also

Creating admin actions

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Developing change list filters

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Customizing default admin settings

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... There's more... See also

Inserting a map into a change form

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

7. Django CMS

Introduction Creating templates for Django CMS

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Structuring the page menu

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Converting an app to a CMS app

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Attaching your own navigation

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Writing your own CMS plugin

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Adding new fields to the CMS page

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

8. Hierarchical Structures

Introduction Creating hierarchical categories

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Creating a category administration interface with django-mptt-admin

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Creating a category administration interface with django-mptt-tree-editor

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Rendering categories in a template

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... There's more... See also

Using a single selection field to choose a category in forms

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Using a checkbox list to choose multiple categories in forms

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

9. Data Import and Export

Introduction Importing data from a local CSV file

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... There's more... See also

Importing data from a local Excel file

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... There's more... See also

Importing data from an external JSON file

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Importing data from an external XML file

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... There's more... See also

Creating filterable RSS feeds

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Using Tastypie to create API

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Using Django REST framework to create API

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

10. Bells and Whistles

Introduction Using the Django shell

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Using database query expressions

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Monkey-patching the slugify() function for better internationalization support

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... There's more... See also

Toggling the Debug Toolbar

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Using ThreadLocalMiddleware

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Caching the method return value

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Using Memcached to cache Django views

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Using signals to notify administrators about new entries

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Checking for missing settings

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

11. Testing and Deployment

Introduction Testing pages with Selenium

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Testing views with mock

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Testing API created using Django REST framework

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Releasing a reusable Django app

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Getting detailed error reporting via e-mail

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Deploying on Apache with mod_wsgi

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... There's more... See also

Setting up cron jobs for regular tasks

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... See also

Creating and using the Fabric deployment script

Getting ready How to do it... How it works... There's more... See also

3. Module 3

1. Django and Patterns

How does Django work to? What is a Pattern?

Gang of Four Patterns Is Django MVC? Fowler's Patterns Are there more patterns?

Patterns in this book

Criticism of Patterns How to use Patterns

Best practices

Python Zen and Django's design philosophy

Summary

2. Application Design

How to gather requirements Are you a story teller? HTML mockups Designing the application

Dividing a project into Apps Reuse or roll-your-own?

My app sandbox

Which packages made it?

Before starting the project SuperBook – your mission, should you choose to accept it

Why Python 3? Starting the project

Summary

3. Models

M is bigger than V and C The model hunt

Splitting models.py into multiple files

Structural patterns

Patterns – normalized models

Problem details Solution details

Three steps of normalization

First normal form (1NF) Second normal form or 2NF Third normal form or 3NF Django models

Performance and denormalization Should we always normalize?

Pattern – model mixins

Problem details Solution details

Model mixins

Pattern – user profiles

Problem details Solution details

Signals Admin Multiple profile types

Pattern – service objects

Problem details Solution details

Retrieval patterns

Pattern – property field

Problem details Solution details

Cached properties

Pattern – custom model managers

Problem details Solution details

Set operations on QuerySets Chaining multiple QuerySets

Migrations Summary

4. Views and URLs

A view from the top

Views got classier

Class-based generic views View mixins

Order of mixins

Decorators View patterns

Pattern – access controlled views

Problem details Solution details

Pattern – context enhancers

Problem details Solution details

Pattern – services

Problem details Solution details

Designing URLs

URL anatomy

What happens in urls.py? The URL pattern syntax

Mnemonic – parents question pink action-figures

Names and namespaces Pattern order URL pattern styles

Departmental store URLs RESTful URLs

Summary

5. Templates

Understanding Django's template language features

Variables Attributes Filters Tags Philosophy – don't invent a programming language

Organizing templates

Support for other template languages

Using Bootstrap

But they all look the same!

Template patterns

Pattern – template inheritance tree

Problem details Solution details

Pattern – the active link

Problem details Solution details

A template-only solution Custom tags

Summary

6. Admin Interface

Using the admin interface Enhancing models for the admin

Not everyone should be an admin

Admin interface customizations

Changing the heading Changing the base and stylesheets

Adding a Rich Text Editor for WYSIWYG editing

Bootstrap-themed admin Complete overhauls

Protecting the admin

Pattern – feature flags

Problem details Solution details

Summary

7. Forms

How forms work

Forms in Django Why does data need cleaning?

Displaying forms

Time to be crisp

Understanding CSRF Form processing with Class-based views Form patterns

Pattern – dynamic form generation

Problem details Solution details

Pattern – user-based forms

Problem details Solution details

Pattern – multiple form actions per view

Problem details Solution details

Separate views for separate actions Same view for separate actions

Pattern – CRUD views

Problem details Solution details

Summary

8. Dealing with Legacy Code

Finding the Django version

Activating the virtual environment

Where are the files? This is not PHP Starting with urls.py Jumping around the code Understanding the code base

Creating the big picture

Incremental change or a full rewrite? Write tests before making any changes

Step-by-step process to writing tests

Legacy databases Summary

9. Testing and Debugging

Why write tests? Test-driven development Writing a test case

The assert method Writing better test cases

Mocking Pattern – test fixtures and factories

Problem details Solution details

Learning more about testing Debugging

Django debug page

A better debug page

The print function Logging The Django Debug Toolbar The Python debugger pdb Other debuggers Debugging Django templates Summary

10. Security

Cross-site scripting (XSS)

Why are your cookies valuable?

How Django helps Where Django might not help

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)

How Django helps Where Django might not help

SQL injection

How Django helps Where Django might not help

Clickjacking

How Django helps

Shell injection

How Django helps

And the list goes on

A handy security checklist Summary

11. Production-ready

Production environment

Choosing a web stack Components of a stack

Hosting

Platform as a service Virtual private servers Other hosting approaches

Deployment tools

Fabric

Typical deployment steps

Configuration management

Monitoring Performance

Frontend performance Backend performance

Templates Database Caching

Cached session backend Caching frameworks Caching patterns

Summary

A. Python 2 versus Python 3

But I still use Python 2.7! Python 3

Python 3 for Djangonauts Change all the __unicode__ methods into __str__ All classes inherit from the object class Calling super() is easier Relative imports must be explicit HttpRequest and HttpResponse have str and bytes types Exception syntax changes and improvements Standard library reorganized New goodies

Using Pyvenv and Pip

Other changes

Further information

A. Bibliography Index

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