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Index
MEN AND MEASURES
ERRATA.
PREFACE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER I GENERAL VIEW
CHAPTER II THE STORY OF THE CUBITS
1. The Egyptian Common, or Olympic Cubit
The Meridian Mile
Greek Itinerary Measures
The Roman Mile
2. The Egyptian Royal Cubit (c. 4000 B.C.)
3. The Great Assyrian or Persian Cubit (c. 700 B.C.)
4. The Beládi Cubit (c. 300 B.C.)
The Bereh or Equatorial Land-mile.
5. The Black Cubit (Ninth Century)
CHAPTER III THE STORY OF THE TALENTS
1. The Alexandrian Talent
The Medimnos.
2. The Lesser Alexandrian or Ptolemaïc Talent
3. The Greek-Asiatic Talent
The Metretes
4. Roman Weights and Measures of Capacity
The New Roman Pound
5. The Olympic Talent
6. Greek Coin-weights
7. The Arabic Talent
Measures of Capacity derived from Arabic Linear Measures
CHAPTER IV THE INVOLUTION OF LINEAR MEASURES FROM WEIGHTS
The Sources of the English and of the Rhineland Foot
1. The English Foot
2. The Rhineland Foot
3. The Pán of Marseilles
4. The Filiation of the English Foot, of the Rhineland Foot, and of the Marseilles Pan
CHAPTER V ENGLISH LINEAR MEASURES
1. The Yard, the Foot, the Inch
2. Standards of the Linear Measures
3. The Hand
4. The Ell
5. The Rod, Furlong, Mile, and League
The League
CHAPTER VI LAND-MEASURES
1. Introduction
2. Evolution of Geometric Land-measures
3. English Land-measures
4. Feudal Land-Measures
5. Terms used in Land-measures
6. The Yard and the Verge
7. How the Rod came to be 5-1/2 Yards
8. How the Acre came to be 160 Rods
9. Customs of Lancaster
10. Seed-measures of Land
CHAPTER VII ENGLISH COMMERCIAL WEIGHTS
I. The Story of Averdepois
The Recognition of Averdepois Weight
2. The Imperial Pound
The Dram
3. Scientific and Medicinal Divisions of the Pound
4. The Long Hundredweight
5. Wool and Lead Weight
Wool Weight
Lead Weight
6. Trade-units of Weight
CHAPTER VIII ENGLISH MEASURES OF CAPACITY
I. The Old Wine Measures
Cask Measures
2. The Ale-gallon
The Quart and Pint
3. Corn Measure
4. The Quarter and the Chaldron
5. Coal Measure
Heaped Measure
6. The Imperial Gallon
Fluid Measures
7. Medicinal Fluid Measures
CHAPTER IX THE MINT-POUNDS
1. The Saxon or Tower Pound
2. The Troy Pound
Whence came the Troy Pound?
How the Averdepois Pound was of 7000 Grains.
3. The Pride and Fall of Troy
The Assize of Bread
The Disappearance of the Troy Pound
CHAPTER X THE CUBIC FOOT AND THE TON REGISTER
The Ton Register
CHAPTER XI SCOTS, IRISH, AND WELSH MEASURES AND WEIGHTS
1. Scotland
Linear Measures
Weights
Measures of Capacity
2. Ireland
3. Wales
CHAPTER XII MEASURES AND WEIGHTS OF SOME BRITISH DOMINIONS
1. The Channel Islands
Linear and Land Measures
Measures of Capacity
Wine-Measures
Weights
2. South Africa (Cape Colony)
3. India
Weights
Capacity
4. Burma and the Straits
5. Canada and Mauritius
Canada
Mauritius
CHAPTER XIII MEASURES OF VALUE
1. English Money
Gold Coins
2. Guernsey Currency
3. Indian Money
Indian Gold Coinage
4. Decimal Currency
CHAPTER XIV MEASURES OF TIME
The Lunar Year
The Compass Card
CHAPTER XV MEASURES OF HEAT AND OF DENSITY AND COMPOUND INDUSTRIAL UNITS
1. Measures of Heat
Thermometric Scales
2. Measures of Density
Compound Industrial Units
CHAPTER XVI THE ELLS
1. The Foot-Ells
2. The Span-Ells
CHAPTER XVII FOREIGN LINEAR MEASURES
I. The Teutonic Countries
Sweden
Denmark and Norway
Austria
2. The Latin Countries
Italy
Spain
Portugal
3. Russia and the East
Russia
Turkey
Egypt
Persia
Roumania
Greece
Tunis, Tripoli, Algeria
4. The Hashími Cubit
5. The Halebi Pík or Arshīn
Note of Acknowledgment
CHAPTER XVIII FOREIGN WEIGHTS
1. Teutonic Systems of Weight
2. East-European Systems of Weight
3. The Mediterranean Systems of Weight
Egypt
Turkey
The Libbra and the Rottolo
SUMMARY
CHAPTER XIX FOREIGN MEASURES OF CAPACITY
1. The Teutonic System
2. The Mediterranean System
Turkey
Italy
3. Hebrew Weights and Measures of Capacity
CHAPTER XX THE DEVELOPMENT OF MEANING IN THE NAMES OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES
1. General Remarks
2. The Nail and the Clove; the Inch and the Ounce
3. The Carat and the Grain
(A) The Carat
The Refiner’s Carat
(B) The Grain
4. The Tun and the Fother
CHAPTER XXI THE OLD MEASURES AND WEIGHTS OF FRANCE
1. The Southern System
Land-measures
Measures of Capacity
Weights
2. The Northern System
Measures of Length
Measures of Distance
Land-measures
Weight
Value
Measures of Capacity
Remarks on the French Measures of Capacity
CHAPTER XXII THE METRIC SYSTEM
Length
Surface
Solidity
Capacity
Weight
Money
Temperature
Metric Measures of Time
CHAPTER XXIII HOW THE METRIC SYSTEM WORKS IN FRANCE
How far the French have adopted the Metric System.
CHAPTER XXIV THE CONFLICT OF THE IMPERIAL AND METRIC SYSTEMS
1. General View of the Imperial System
2. The Propaganda of the Metric System
3. The Reform of the Metric System
Envoi
INDEX
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