Log In
Or create an account ->
Imperial Library
Home
About
News
Upload
Forum
Help
Login/SignUp
Index
Cover Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
List of Tables
Preface and Acknowledgments
Introduction
Our Approach, Challenges, and Questions
Incidents: Assault on Worth and Discrimination
Responses to Incidents: Actual and Ideal
Class, Gender, and Age Cohorts
How we did Our Study
Our Cases
Our Participants and Methods
Chapter 1: Accounting for Differences
How to Explain
Three Dimensions of National Context
Connecting Findings and Explanation
Additional Contributions
Chapter 2: The United States
Section 2.1: Background Factors: Historical and Socioeconomic Context
A Historical Legacy of Racial Domination
Persistent Structural Inequality and Racial Segregation
The Research Site: The New York Metropolitan Area
Section 2.2: Ethnoracial Groupness
Self-Identification
Black and/or African American Self-Labeling
Racial and National Identity
Meanings of Racial Identity
Group Boundaries
Experiences of Spatial Segregation and Integration
Boundaries and Friendship
Universalism, Essentialism, and the Constructions of Racial Similarities and Differences
Anti-white Moral Boundaries and White Privilege
Conclusion
Section 2.3: Experiences of Stigmatization and Discrimination in the United States
Stigmatization or Assault on Worth
Blatant Racism: Being Insulted or Disrespected and Physical Assault
More Subtle Racism: Being Misunderstood
Poor Service and Double Standards
Discrimination
Class, Age, and Gender Differences
Experiencing Racial or Class Stigma? The Role of Class Boundaries
Surprisingly Few Differences across Classes
Gender Differences and Gender Discrimination
Age Cohorts
Conclusion
Section 2.4: Responses to Stigmatization and Discrimination
Actual Responses to Incidents
Confronting
Management of the Self and Not Responding
Ideal and Other Actual Responses
Competence/Hard Work, Self-Improvement, Education, Religion, and Moral Reform: The Neoliberal Responses
Decline of Collective Mobilization
Race-Targeted Policies
Hope Ahead? Explanations for Racism and Lessons for Children
Making Sense of Ideal Responses in Relation to the American Dream
Conclusion
Section 2.5: A Bird’s-Eye View of the African American Case
Chapter 3: Brazil
Section 3.1: Background Factors: Historical and Socioeconomic Context
Studying Race in Brazil
The Legacy of Slavery and the Rise and Fall of Racial Democracy
Together and Unequal? Racial Inequality and Segregation
The Research Site: Rio De Janeiro
Section 3.2: Ethnoracial Groupness
Self-Identification
Self-Labeling: Negro, Moreno, Preto, and Pardo
Meanings of Racial Identity
Group Boundaries
Experiences of Spatial Segregation and Integration
Boundaries and Friendship
Universalism, Essentialism, and the Absence of Cultural Differences
Weak Anti-white Moral Boundaries
Conclusion
Section 3.3: Experiences of Stigmatization and Discrimination in Brazil
From Racial Democracy to Subtle Racism
Is it Class or Race Stigma?
Stigmatization
Stereotyped as Low Status and Receiving Poor Service
When Race Becomes Salient: Racial Insults and Jokes
Other Types of Assault on Worth
Discrimination
Conclusion
Section 3.4: Responses to Stigmatization and Discrimination
Actual Responses to Incidents
Confronting
Management of the Self
Not Responding
Ideal Responses
Universal Policies versus Affirmative Action
Collective Mobilization: Ambivalence toward the Black Movement
Conclusion
Section 3.5: The Broad Picture for Black Brazilians
Chapter 4: Israel
Section 4.1: Background: Historical and Socioeconomic Context
Zionism as Constitutive Legacy
Arab Palestinians and the Jewish Polity
Ethiopians and Mizrahim: In the Pincers of Ethno-National Identity, Exclusion, and Inclusion
The Research Site: Tel Aviv–Jaffa
Section 4.2: National Belonging, Race, and Ethnicity in the Formation of Groupness
Self-Identification, Self-Labeling, and the Meanings of Group Identity
Arab Palestinians
Ethiopians and Mizrahim
Group Boundaries
Arab Palestinians
Ethiopians and Mizrahim
Conclusion
Section 4.3: Experiences of Stigmatization and Discrimination in Israel
Stigmatization or Assaults on Worth
Arab Palestinians
Ethiopians and Mizrahim
Discrimination
Arab Palestinians
Ethiopians and Mizrahim
Conclusion
Section 4.4: Responses to Stigmatization and Discrimination in Israel
Actual Responses to Incidents
Arab Palestinians
Ethiopians and Mizrahim
Ideal Responses
Improving Their Group Situation
Arab Palestinians
Ethiopians and Mizrahim
Lessons for Children
Arab Palestinians
Ethiopians and Mizrahim
Is Affirmative Action an Option?
Arab Palestinians
Ethiopians and Mizrahim
Conclusion
Section 4.5: Making Sense of the Israeli Case
Conclusion
Zooming Out
Analytic Gains and Food for Thought
Comparing Ethnoracial Exclusions as Cultural Phenomena: Macro Lenses and Micro Experiences
Groupness and Boundaries
Redistribution and Recognition
Racial Formations, Reproductions, and Transformations
New Venues of Research
Appendix 1: Methodology
United States
Brazil
Israel
Appendix 2: Tables of Frequency of Experiences with and Responses to Stigmatization and Discrimination by Respondents
Notes
References
Index
← Prev
Back
Next →
← Prev
Back
Next →