Sport and Exercise Nutrition by Collins, Adam -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Series page Title page Copyright page Contributors Series Foreword Preface

The Nutrition Society Textbook Series Editors

1 Nutrient Basics

1.1 Introduction 1.2 Carbohydrates 1.3 Protein 1.4 Alcohol 1.5 Fat 1.6 Assessing dietary intake 1.7 Dietary and healthy eating guidelines 1.8 Food labelling 1.9 Perspectives on the future

2 Exercise Physiology

2.1 Introduction 2.2 Homeostasis 2.3 Acute responses to exercise 2.4 Adaptations to exercise training 2.5 Concluding remarks

3 Exercise Biochemistry

3.1 Introduction 3.2 Control and regulation of metabolic reactions 3.3 Carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism 3.4 Metabolic responses to environmental stress 3.5 Metabolic adaptations to training 3.6 Cellular/molecular drivers for adaptations in skeletal muscle metabolism 3.7 Concluding remarks

4 Carbohydrate

4.1 Introduction 4.2 Carbohydrate metabolism 4.3 Dietary carbohydrate 4.4 Carbohydrate nutrition and performance 4.5 Post exercise, recovery and glycogen synthesis 4.6 Summary

5 Protein and Amino Acids

5.1 Introduction 5.2 Complete protein foods 5.3 Dietary requirements versus dietary recommendations 5.4 Protein needs for athletes 5.5 Dietary protein timing 5.6 Dietary protein type 5.7 Summary

6 Fat Metabolism

6.1 Introduction and historical perspective 6.2 Fat as an energy source for contracting skeletal muscle: effects of endurance training (Figure 6.1) 6.3 Interaction of diet and exercise on fatty acid metabolism 6.4 Summary

7 Fluids and Electrolytes

7.1 Introduction 7.2 Disturbances in body water 7.3 Effects of changes in hydration on exercise performance 7.4 Effects of drinking on exercise

8 Micronutrients

8.1 Introduction 8.2 Micronutrients that regulate energy metabolism and muscle function 8.3 Nutrients involved in blood health, particularly red blood cell production and function 8.4 Micronutrients involved in bone health 8.5 Micronutrients involved in antioxidant defence 8.6 Potential adverse effects of vitamin and mineral supplement use in healthy people 8.7 Summary

9 Supplements and Ergogenic Aids

9.1 Introduction 9.2 The dietary supplements market 9.3 Prevalence of dietary supplement use 9.4 Common sports nutrition supplements 9.5 Reasons for dietary supplements usage 9.6 Who recommends dietary supplements 9.7 Efficacy of dietary supplements 9.8 Classification of dietary supplements: the APRID framework 9.9 Supplement assessment and monitoring in practice 9.10 Risks and benefits of dietary supplements 9.11 Summary

10 Nutrition for Weight and Resistance Training

10.1 Introduction 10.2 Protein feeding and resistance exercise 10.3 Practical considerations 10.4 Conclusions and remaining questions

11 Nutrition for Power and Sprint Training

11.1 Introduction 11.2 General nutritional guidelines for sprint and power-trained athletes 11.3 Power-type exercises and muscle protein synthesis 11.4 Sprint-type exercises and muscle protein synthesis 11.5 Creatine supplementation 11.6 General conclusions

12 Nutrition for Middle-Distance and Speed-Endurance Training

12.1 Introduction 12.2 Energy systems in middle-distance athletes 12.3 Periodised nutrition to match periodised training programmes 12.4 Post-training nutritional recovery 12.5 Specific body composition requirements 12.6 Supplements for the middle-distance athlete 12.7 Perspectives on future research directions 12.8 Conclusion

13 Nutrition for Endurance and Ultra-Endurance Training

13.1 Introduction 13.2 Energy systems for endurance and ultra-endurance training and events 13.3 Common nutritional issues and challenges 13.4 Nutritional strategies to optimise endurance or ultra-endurance training 13.5 Achieving low body fat mass (Table 13.7) 13.6 Nutrition to enhance immunity 13.7 Gastrointestinal problems 13.8 Iron deficiency 13.9 Key supplements for endurance and ultra-endurance training/events (Table 13.10) 13.10 Future research areas and conclusions

14 Nutrition for Technical and Skill-Based Training

14.1 Introduction 14.2 Optimising skill and technique and the concept of adaptation 14.3 Principles of periodisation

15 Nutrition for Disability Athletes

15.1 Introduction 15.2 Disability sport 15.3 Classification in disability sport 15.4 Energy requirements 15.5 Carbohydrate requirements 15.6 Protein and amino acid requirements 15.7 Fat 15.8 Fluid and electrolytes 15.9 Micronutrients and other nutrients 15.10 Supplements and ergogenic aids 15.11 Body composition assessment 15.12 Practical aspects 15.13 Daily life 15.14 Travel

16 Competition Nutrition

16.1 Introduction 16.2 Nutrition and fatigue during competition 16.3 Pre-competition fuelling 16.4 The pre-event meal 16.5 Fluid intake during exercise 16.6 Fuel intake during competition 16.7 Recovery between events 16.8 Summary

17 Losing, Gaining and Making Weight for Athletes

17.1 Introduction 17.2 Sports-specific evidence linking physique attributes to athletic performance 17.3 Challenges for optimising physique 17.4 Strategies to promote weight and fat loss 17.5 Making weight 17.6 Risks of weight/fat loss and making weight 17.7 Strategies for weight gain 17.8 Role of physique assessment 17.9 Adjunctive agents for weight/fat loss or lean mass gain

18 Eating Disorders and Athletes

18.1 Introduction 18.2 The disordered eating continuum 18.3 Prevalence of disordered eating and eating disorders in athletes 18.4 Risk factors for the development of disordered eating and eating disorders 18.5 Why are athletes dieting? 18.6 Health and performance consequences of disordered eating and eating disorders 18.7 How to approach athletes with symptoms of disordered eating and eating disorders 18.8 The athlete and the healthcare team 18.9 Training, energy expenditure and energy intake during treatment 18.10 Prevention of disordered eating and eating disorders 18.11 Summary

19 Bone Health

19.1 Introduction 19.2 Bone physiology 19.3 Diagnostic techniques 19.4 Optimal nutrition for bone health 19.5 Sport, exercise and bone health 19.6 Female Athlete Triad 19.7 Stress fractures 19.9 Prevention, screening and treatment recommendations for the Female Athlete Triad and stress fractures 19.10 Nutrition care process for athletes throughout the life cycle 19.11 Summary Acknowledgements

20 Nutrition and the Gastrointestinal Tract for Athletes

20.1 Introduction: gastrointestinal symptoms and exercise 20.2 Gastrointestinal tract 20.3 The effects of exercise on the gastrointestinal tract 20.4 Low-residue diets and sports performance 20.5 Substances potentially altering GI comfort (Table 20.4) 20.6 Sports food, practices and GI distress 20.7 Summary

21 Immunity

21.1 Introduction: exercise and immunity 21.2 Immune system and immune functions 21.3 Impact of exercise (and other stressors) 21.4 Effects of nutrition 21.5 Potential immune monitoring in athletes 21.6 Summary and future directions

22 Travel

22.1 Introduction 22.2 Travel planning 22.3 Meal service options when travelling 22.4 Typical nutrition issues during travel 22.5 Travel-associated illness 22.6 Acclimatisation 22.7 Key tips for travelling athletes

23 Population Groups: I

23A.1 Introduction 23A.2 Factors affecting nutritional intake 23A.3 Energy requirements 23A.4 Protein 23A.5 Carbohydrate 23A.6 Fat 23A.7 Micronutrients 23A.8 Use of performance-enhancing substances 23A.9 Fluids 23A.10 Dental caries 23A.11 Eating behaviours 23A.12 Summary 23B.1 Introduction 23B.2 Gender differences in metabolism and performance 23B.3 Energy 23B.4 Carbohydrates 23B.5 Protein 23B.6 Fat 23B.7 Micronutrients 23B.8 The menstrual cycle of female athletes 23B.9 The Female Athlete Triad 23B.10 Summary 23C.1 Introduction 23C.2 Energy 23C.3 Macronutrients 23C.4 Micronutrients 23C.5 Fluid 23C.6 Medications 23C.7 Summary of key dietary recommendations 23C.8 Conclusions

24 Population Groups: II

24A.1 Introduction 24A.2 Major classification of ethnic groups in Southeast Asia 24A.3 Cultural considerations 24A.4 Working with athletes of different ethnicities 24A.5 General skills for practitioners 24A.6 Special topic: Ramadan fasting and sports performance 24B.1 Introduction 24B.2 Nutritional considerations for athletes 24B.3 Effects on performance 24B.4 Summary 24C.1 Introduction 24C.2 Injury 24C.3 Trauma and malnutrition 24C.4 Nutrients for better wound healing 24C.5 Fasting 24C.6 Exercise-induced muscle damage 24C.7 Summary

25 Training and Competition Environments

25.1 Introduction 25.2 The physiological challenge of exercising at altitude 25.3 Training and competition at altitude 25.4 Nutrition for training and competition at altitude 25.5 Training and competition at altitude: summary 25.6 The physiological challenge of exercising in the heat 25.7 Training and competition in the heat 25.8 Nutrition for training and competition in the heat 25.9 Training and competition in the heat: summary 25.10 The physiological challenge of exercising in the cold 25.11 Training and competition in the cold 25.12 Nutrition for training and competition in the cold 25.13 Training and competition in the cold: summary 25.14 Other environmental challenges

Index

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