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Index
Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Dedication
Copyright
Dedication 2
Preface—Overview of OFT VI A & B
Six Editions
OFT VI Volume A: Components and Subsystems
OFT VI Volume B: Systems and Networks
Chapter 1. Fiber Nonlinearity and Capacity: Single-Mode and Multimode Fibers
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Network Traffic and Optical Systems Capacity
1.3 Information Theory
1.4 Single-Mode Fibers: Single Polarization
1.5 Single-Mode Fibers: Polarization-Division Multiplexing
1.6 Multicore and Multimode Fibers
1.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 2. Commercial 100-Gbit/s Coherent Transmission Systems
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Optical Channel Designs
2.3 100G Channel—From Wish to Reality
2.4 Introduction of 100G Channels to Service Provider Networks
2.5 Impact of Commercial 100G System to Transport Network
2.6 Outlook Beyond Commercial 100G Systems
2.7 Summary
References
Chapter 3. Advances in Tb/s Superchannels
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Superchannel Principle
3.3 Modulation
3.4 Multiplexing
3.5 Detection
3.6 Superchannel Transmission
3.7 Networking Implications
3.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4. Optical Satellite Communications
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Lasercom Link Budgets
4.3 Laser Beam Propagation Through the Atmosphere
4.4 Optical Transceivers for Space Applications
4.5 Space Terminal
4.6 Ground Terminal
4.7 List of Acronyms
References
Chapter 5. Digital Signal Processing (DSP) and Its Application in Optical Communication Systems
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Digital Signal Processing and Its Functional Blocks
5.3 Application of DBP-Based DSP to Optical Fiber Transmission in the nonlinear regime
5.4 Summary and Future Questions
References
Chapter 6. Advanced Coding for Optical Communications
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Linear Block Codes
6.3 Codes on Graphs
6.4 Coded Modulation
6.5 Adaptive Nonbinary LDPC-Coded Modulation
6.6 LDPC-Coded Turbo Equalization
6.7 Information Capacity of Fiber-Optics Communication Systems
6.8 Concluding Remarks
References
Chapter 7. Extremely Higher-Order Modulation Formats
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Spectral Efficiency of QAM Signal and Shannon Limit
7.3 Fundamental configuration and key components of QAM coherent optical transmission
7.4 Higher-Order QAM Transmission Experiments
7.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 8. Multicarrier Optical Transmission
8.1 Historical perspective of optical multicarrier transmission
8.2 OFDM Basics
8.3 Optical Multicarrier Systems Based on Electronic FFT
8.4 Optical Multicarrier Systems Based on Optical Multiplexing
8.5 Nonlinearity in Optical Multicarrier Transmission
8.6 Applications of Optical Multicarrier Transmissions
8.7 Future Research Directions for Multicarrier Transmission
References
Chapter 9. Optical OFDM and Nyquist Multiplexing
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Orthogonal Shaping of Temporal or Spectral Functions for Efficient Multiplexing
9.3 Optical Fourier Transform Based Multiplexing
9.4 Encoding and Decoding of OFDM Signals
9.5 Conclusion
9.6 Mathematical Definitions and Relations
References
Chapter 10. Spatial Multiplexing Using Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Signal Processing
10.1 Optical Network Capacity Scaling Through Spatial Multiplexing
10.2 Coherent MIMO-SDM with Selective Mode Excitation
10.3 MIMO DSP
10.4 Mode Multiplexing Components
10.5 Optical Amplifiers for Coupled-Mode Transmission
10.6 Systems Experiments
10.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 11. Mode Coupling and its Impact on Spatially Multiplexed Systems
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Modes and Mode Coupling in Optical Fibers
11.3 Modal Dispersion
11.4 Mode-Dependent Loss and Gain
11.5 Direct-Detection Mode-Division Multiplexing
11.6 Coherent Mode-Division Multiplexing
11.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 12. Multimode Communications Using Orbital Angular Momentum
12.1 Perspective on Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) Multiplexing in Communication Systems
12.2 Fundamentals of OAM
12.3 Techniques for OAM Generation, Multiplexing/Demultiplexing, and Detection
12.4 Free-Space Communication Links Using OAM Multiplexing
12.5 Fiber-Based Transmission Links
12.6 Optical Signal Processing Using OAM
12.7 Future Challenges of OAM Communications
References
Chapter 13. Transmission Systems Using Multicore Fibers
13.1 Expectations of Multicore Fibers
13.2 MCF Design
13.3 Methods of Coupling to MCFs
13.4 Transmission Experiments with Uncoupled Cores
13.5 Laguerre-Gaussian Mode Division Multiplexing Transmission in MCFs
References
Chapter 14. Elastic Optical Networking
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Enabling Technologies
14.3 The EON Vision and Some New Concepts
14.4 A Comparison of EON and Fixed DWDM
14.5 Standards Progress
14.6 Summary
References
Chapter 15. ROADM-Node Architectures for Reconfigurable Photonic Networks
Summary
15.1 Introduction
15.2 The ROADM Node
15.3 Network Applications: Studies and Demonstrations
15.4 Two Compatible Visions of the Future
15.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 16. Convergence of IP and Optical Networking
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Motivation
16.3 Background
16.4 Standards
16.5 Next-Generation Control and Management
References
Chapter 17. Energy-Efficient Telecommunications
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Energy Use in Commercial Optical Communication Systems
17.3 Energy in Optical Communication Systems
17.4 Transmission and Switching Energy Models
17.5 Network Energy Models
17.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 18. Advancements in Metro Regional and Core Transport Network Architectures for the Next-Generation Internet
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Network Architecture Evolution
18.3 Transport Technology Innovations
18.4 The Network Value of Photonics Technology Innovation
18.5 The Network Value of Optical Transport Innovation
18.6 Outlook
18.7 Summary
References
Chapter 19. Novel Architectures for Streaming/Routing in Optical Networks
19.1 Introduction and Historical Perspectives on Connection and Connectionless Oriented Optical Transports
19.2 Essence of the Major Types of Optical Transports: Optical Packet Switching (OPS), Optical Burst Switching (OBS), and Optical Flow Switching (OFS)
19.3 Network Architecture Description and Layering
19.4 Definition of Network “Capacity” and Evaluation of Achievable Network Capacity Regions of Different Types of Optical Transports
19.5 Physical Topology of Fiber Plant and Optical Switching Functions at Nodes and the Effects of Transmission Impairments and Session Dynamics on Network Architecture
19.6 Network Management and Control Functions and Scalable Architectures
19.7 Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol and Implications on Routing Protocol Efficiency and Scalability
19.8 Transport Layer Protocol for New Optical Transports
19.9 Cost, Power Consumption Throughput, and Delay Performance
19.10 Summary
References
Chapter 20. Recent Advances in High-Frequency (>10GHz) Microwave Photonic Links
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Photonic Links for Receive-Only Applications
20.3 Photonic Links for Transmit and Receive Applications
References
Chapter 21. Advances in 1-100GHz Microwave Photonics: All-Band Optical Wireless Access Networks Using Radio Over Fiber Technologies
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Optical RF Wave Generation
21.3 Converged ROF Transmission System
21.4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 22. PONs: State of the Art and Standardized
22.1 Introduction to PON
22.2 TDM PONs: Basic Design and Issues
22.3 Video Overlay
22.4 WDM PONs: Common Elements
22.5 FDM-PONs: Motivation
22.6 Hybrid TWDM-PON
22.7 Summary and Outlook
References
Chapter 23. Wavelength-Division-Multiplexed Passive Optical Networks (WDM PONs)
23.1 Introduction
23.2 Light Sources for WDM PON
23.3 WDM PON Architectures
23.4 Long-Reach WDM PONs
23.5 Next-Generation High-Speed WDM PON
23.6 Fault Monitoring, Localization and Protection Techniques
23.7 Summary
Appendix: Acronyms
References
Chapter 24. FTTX Worldwide Deployment
24.1 Introduction
24.2 Background of Fiber Architectures
24.3 Technology Variants
24.4 Status and FTTX Deployments Around the World
24.5 What’s Next?
24.6 Summary
References
Chapter 25. Modern Undersea Transmission Technology
25.1 Introduction
25.2 Coherent Transmission Technology in Undersea Systems
25.3 Increasing Spectral Efficiency by Bandwidth Constraint
25.4 Nyquist Carrier Spacing
25.5 Increasing Spectral Efficiency by Increasing the Constellation Size
25.6 Future Trends
25.7 Summary
List of Acronyms
References
Index
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