The Legacy of Islamic Antisemitism · From Sacred Texts to Solemn History by Bostom, Andrew G. -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS INTRODUCTORY QUOTES A NOTE ON THE COVER ART EDITOR’S NOTE ON THE TEXT FOREWORD BY IBN WARRAQ PART 1: ISLAMIC ANTISEMITISM—JEW HATRED IN ISLAM:

1. A Survey of Its Theological-Juridical Origins and Historical Manifestations

PART 2: ANTI-JEWISH MOTIFS IN THE QUR’AN AND ITS EXEGESIS

2. Qur’anic Verses 3. Jew Hatred in the Islamic Tradition and the Koranic Exegesis

PART 3: ANTI-JEWISH MOTIFS IN THE HADITH

4. Excerpts from the Canonical Hadith Collections 5. Jews and Muslims according to the Hadith

PART 4: ANTI-JEWISH MOTIFS IN THE SIRA (Early Muslim Biographies of Muhammad)

6. Muhammad’s Jewish Adversaries in Medina 7. The Affair of the Banū Qaynuqā ‹ 8. The Assassination of Ka ‹ b b. al-Ashraf 9. The Brothers Muhayyisa and Huwayyisa 10. The Raid against the Banu Nadir (AH 3/625) 11. The Extermination of the Banū Qurayza (AH 5/627) 12. Muhammad and the Jews of Khaybar (AH 7/628) 13. Excerpts from the Sira of Ibn Sa‘d 14. Muhammad at Khaybar 15. The History of the Jews of Medina

PART 5: MUSLIM JURISTS, THEOLOGIANS, AND SCHOLARS ON THE JEWS: CLASSICAL AND PREMODERN ERA

16. The First Jews’ Oath in Islam 17. Why the Muslims Prefer the Christians to the Jews 18. A Renegade Jew as the Source of the Shi’ite “Heresy” and the “Conspiracy” to Destroy the Early Islamic Caliphate 19. “To Disclose the Fraudulence of the Jewish Men of Learning” 20. A Collection of Legal Opinions Demonstrating the Attitudes of Muslim Jurists and Citizens toward the Jews of Muslim Spain and North Africa, Ninth–Fifteenth Centuries 21. Anti-Jewish Anecdotes from an Anti- Dhimmi Treatise 22. On Killing a Jew 23. Lightning Bolts against the Jews 24. Eleventh-Century Andalusian Authors on the Jews of Granada 25. “Adversos Judaeos”: A Treatise from Maghrib—“Ahkam ahl al-Dhimma” by Sayh Muhammad b. ‘Abd al-Karim al-Magili

PART 6: MUSLIM JURISTS, THEOLOGIANS, AND SCHOLARS ON THE JEWS: MODERN ERA

26. Our Struggle with the Jews 27. The Jews in the Qur’an 28. The Jewish Attitude toward Islam and Muslims in Early Islam 29. Extracts from “Arab Theologians on Jews and Israel” 30. Extracts from The Children of Israel in the Qur’an and the Sunna 31. Extracts from The Jews in the Qur’an 32. Extracts from Qur’anic Truths regarding the Palestinian Issue 33. Our War with the Jews Is in the Name of Islam 34. The Jews of Today Bear Responsibility for Their Forefathers’ Crime against Jesus 35. The Jews’ Twenty Bad Traits as Described in the Qur’an

PART 7: THE JEWS OF ARAB MUSLIM LANDS: HISTORICAL MAPS

36. Twelve Maps of the History of the Jews of the Islamic Near East

PART 8: THE DHIMMI CONDITION FOR JEWS, AND MUSLIM JEW HATRED: EARLY ISLAM THROUGH THE MODERN ERA

37. Evidence on the Muslim Poll Tax from Non-Muslim Sources: A Geniza Study 38. Concerning the Situation of Jews and Christians in Seville at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century 39. The Distinctive Sign of the Jews in Maghreb 40. The Origins of ‘Obadyah, the Norman Proselyte—‘Obadyah’s Experiences in Baghdad, Early Twelfth Century 41. Moses b. Samuel, a Jewish Katib in Damascus, and His Pilgrimage to Medina and Mecca 42. The Destruction of the Kairouan, and the Almoravid and Almohad Persecutions 43. The Pact of ‘Umar in Morocco: A Reappraisal of Muslim-Jewish Relations 44. New Documents regarding Attacks upon Jewish Religious Observance in Morocco during the Late Nineteenth Century 45. Jews under Muslim Rule—II: Morocco 1903–1912 46. The Moroccan Jewish Experience: A Revisionist View 47. Excerpts from The Israelites of Tunisia: Their Civil and Political Condition 48. “Outcaste”: Shi’a Intolerance 49. The Expulsion of Yemenite Jewry to Mawza’ in 1679–80 in Light of Recently Discovered Sources 50. Conversion to Islam among Yemenite Jews under Zaydi Rule: The Positions of Zaydi Law, the Imam, and Muslim Society 51. The Sephardim in Bosnia: A Contribution to the History of the Jews in the Balkans 52. Palestine under the Rule of Ibrahim Pasha 53. The Dhimmi Factor in the Exodus of Jews from Arab Countries 54. Endowing Denial 55. Modern Egyptian Jew Hatred: Indigenous Elements and Foreign Influences 56. Judaism and Islam as Opposites 57. Islamic Fundamentalism, Antisemitism, and Anti-Zionism 58. Based on Qur’anic Verses, Interpretations, and Traditions, Muslim Clerics State: The Jews Are the Descendants of Apes, Pigs, and Other Animals 59. Jews as “Christ-Killers” in Islam 60. Antisemitism in (Contemporary) Islam: Europe in the Conflict between Tolerance and Ideology

PART 9: DOCUMENTS AND EYEWITNESS ACCOUNTS

61. Decrees of Dhimmitude, 850–1905 62. Jews as Dhimmis and Muslim Chattel, 1790–1949 63. Two Anti-Jewish Pogroms in the Modern Era before the Creation of Israel: Baghdad (1941) and Tripolitania (1945) 64. Light-Skinned Egyptian Muslim Repeatedly Beaten by His Co-religionists for “Looking Jewish” (1948) 65. “Jews in Grave Danger in All Moslem Lands” 66. New York Times Reports on the Exodus of Jews from the Arab Muslim Middle East, 1955–1962 67. An Eyewitness Account of the Anti-Jewish Riots in Tunis at the Outbreak of the Six-Day War (1967) 68. A Libyan Jew Breaks Her Silence Thirty-six Years after Surviving the 1967 Tripolitan Pogrom 69. The Modern Rhetoric of Antisemitic Jihad Genocide

APPENDIX A. MAJOR CONTRIBUTORS APPENDIX B. MUSLIM JURISTS, THEOLOGIANS, AND HISTORIANS SOURCES AND CREDITS BIBLIOGRAPHY INDEX OF PLACES INDEX OF PERSONS, PEOPLES, ORGANIZATIONS, AND INSTITUTIONS

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