Beginning C for Arduino by Purdum, Jack -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Coverpage Titlepage Copyright Dedication Contents at a Glance Contents About the Author About the Technical Reviewer Acknowledgments Introduction Chapter 1: Introduction

Assumptions About You What You Need

An Atmel-Based Microcontroller Card Breadboard Miscellaneous Parts

Verifying the Software Verifying the Hardware

Attaching the USB Cable Selecting Your µc Board in the Integrated Development Environment Port Selection

Loading and Running Your First Program

The Blink Program Running the Blink Program Code Compiling the Blink Program Code Uploading the Blink Program

Summary

Chapter 2: Arduino C

The Building Blocks of All Programming Languages

Expressions Statements Statement Blocks Function Blocks

The Five Program Steps

1. Initialization Step 2. Input Step 3. Process Step 4. Output Step 5. Termination Step The Purpose of the Five Program Steps

A Revisit to the Blink Program

Program Comments Data Definition The setup() Function The loop() Function

Summary Exercises

Chapter 3: Arduino C Data Types

Keywords in C Variable Names in C The boolean Data Type The char Data Type

Binary Data The char Data Type and Character Sets Generating a Table of ASCII Characters

The byte Data Type The int Data Type The word Data Type The long Data type The float and double Data Types

Floating Point Precision

The string Data Type String Data Type The void Data Type The array Data Type Defining versus Declaring Variables

Symbol Tables lvalues and rvalues The Bucket Analogy

Using the cast Operator Summary Exercises

Chapter 4: Decision Making in C

Relational Operators The if Statement A Modified Blink Program

The Circuit The Program Code

Software Modifications to the Alternate Blink Program The if-else Statement Cascading if Statements The Increment and Decrement Operators

Two Types of Increment Operator (++) Two Flavors of the Decrement Operator (--) Precedence of Operators

The switch Statement The goto Statement Getting Rid of Magic Numbers The C Preprocessor Heads or Tails

Initialization Step Input Step Process Step Output Step Termination Step

Something to Think About Summary Exercises

Chapter 5: Program Loops in C

The Characteristics of Well-Behaved Loops

Condition 1: Variable Initialization Condition 2: Loop Control Test Condition 3: Changing the Loop Control Variable's State

Using a for Loop The while Loop The do-while Loop The break and continue Keywords

The break Statement The continue Statement

A Complete Code Example

Step 1. Initialization Step 2. Input Step 3. Process Step 4. Output Step 5. Termination Listing 5-1 is Sorta Dumb Code

Loops and Coding Style Summary Exercises

Chapter 6: Functions in C

The Anatomy of a Function

Function Type Specifier Function Name Function Arguments Function Body Function Signature

What Makes a “Good” Function

Functions Use Task-Oriented Names The Function Should Be Cohesive Functions Should Avoid Coupling

Writing Your Own Functions

Function Design Considerations Argument List Function Body

Logical Operators

Logical AND Operator (&&) Logical OR (||) Logical NOT (!)

Writing Your Function

The IsLeapYear() Function and Coding Style Arguments versus Parameters Why Use a Specific Function Style?

Leap Year Calculation Program Passing Data Into and Back From a Function

Pass by Value

Summary Exercises

Chapter 7: Storage Classes and Scope

Hiding Your Program Data Statement Block Scope Local Scope

Name Collisions and Scope

Global Scope

Global Scope and Name Conflicts

Scope and Storage Classes

The auto Storage Class The register Storage Class The static Storage Class The extern Storage Class

The volatile keyword Summary Exercises

Chapter 8: Introduction to Pointers

Defining a Pointer

Pointer Name Asterisk Pointer Type Specifiers and Pointer Scalars

Using a Pointer

The Indirection Operator (*) Using Indirection

Summary of Pointer Rules Why Are Pointers Useful? Pointers and Arrays

The Importance of Scalars

Summary Exercises

Chapter 9: Using Pointers Effectively

Relational Operations and Test for Equality Using Pointers

Pointer Comparisons Must be Between Pointers to the Same Data

Pointer Arithmetic

Constant lvalues

Two-Dimensional Arrays

A Small Improvement How Many Dimensions?

Two-Dimensional Arrays and Pointers

Treating the Two-Dimensional Array of chars as a String

Pointers to Functions

Arrays of Pointers to Functions enum Data Type

The Right-Left Rule Summary Exercises

Chapter 10: Structures, Unions, and Data Storage

Structures

Declaring a Structure Defining a Structure Accessing Structure Members Returning a Structure from a Function Call Using Structure Pointers Initializing a Structure Arrays of Structures

Unions EEPROM Memory

Using EEPROM

Data Logging Other Storage Alternatives

Shields Other Uses for Secure Digital Storage

Summary Exercises

Chapter 11: The C Preprocessor and Bitwise Operations

Preprocessor Directives

#undef #line #if, Conditional Directives #include

Parameterized Macros

Bitwise Operators Bitwise Shift Operators Using Different Bases for Integer Constants Parameterized Macros...continued

Summary Exercises

Chapter 12: Arduino Libraries

Libraries

Arduino Libraries The Arduino Core Libraries Other Libraries

Writing Your Own Library

The Library Header File The Library Code File (Dates.cpp)

Setting the Arduino IDE to Use Your Library A Sample Program Using the Dates Library

Adding the Easter Program to the IDE The keywords.txt File Keyword Coloring (theme.txt)

Summary Exercises

Appendix A: Suppliers and Sources

Suppliers

Seeedino Studio Diligent Inc OSEPP Tinyos Electronics Cooking Hacks

Sources

Software

Appendix B: Electronic Components for Experiments

Microcontroller Board Solderless Breadboard Electronic Components Online Component Purchases Experiment!

Answers to Exercises

Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12

Index

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