100 Top Consultations in Small Animal General Practice by Hill, Peter -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Half title page Title page Copyright page List of contributors Acknowledgements About this book Introduction: Diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in small animal general practice Section 1: Health checks and vaccinations

1 The new puppy or kitten

Pre-purchase advice The first consultation The clinical examination General findings Vaccination Antiparasitic treatment Further advice Additional recommendations

2 The annual health check

Problems that might be raised by owners The clinical examination Recommending treatments and procedures Vaccination Other forms of preventative medicine

3 Advising on spaying and castration

Reasons for neutering Disadvantages or complications associated with surgical neutering Recommended age for neutering Chemical control of breeding Overall recommendations

Section 2: General signs and illnesses

4 Inappetence and anorexia

Common differential diagnoses

5 Weight loss

Common differential diagnoses

6 Polydipsia and polyuria

Common differential diagnoses

7 Pyrexia

Common differential diagnoses

8 Anaemia

Common differential diagnoses

9 Jaundice

Common differential diagnoses

10 Collapse

Common differential diagnoses

11 Abdominal distension

Common differential diagnoses

12 The FeLV-positive cat

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

13 The FIV-positive cat

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

14 The cat with FIP

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

Section 3: Skin problems

15 The itchy dog

Common differential diagnoses

16 The itchy cat

Common differential diagnoses

17 Diagnosing and treating skin diseases caused by ectoparasites

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

18 The dog with demodicosis

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

19 The dog with pyoderma or Malassezia dermatitis

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

20 The atopic dog

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

21 The dog with a hot spot

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

22 The dog with acral lick dermatitis (lick granuloma)

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

23 Anal sac problems

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

24 Ear infections

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

25 Pododermatitis

Common differential diagnoses

26 The dog or cat with a cutaneous lump or swelling

Common differential diagnoses

27 The dog with urticaria or angioedema

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs Differential diagnoses

28 The cat-bite abscess

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

29 Lipomas

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

30 The dog with a histiocytoma

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

31 Mast cell tumours

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

32 Sebaceous adenomas and follicular cysts

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

33 The dog that is losing hair

Common differential diagnoses

34 Dermatophytosis

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

35 Skin problems in non dog/cat species

Common skin diseases and symptoms in rabbits Common skin diseases and symptoms in hamsters Common skin diseases and symptoms in Guinea pigs Common skin diseases and symptoms in caged birds

Section 4: Gastrointestinal problems

36 Dental disease

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

37 Retching and gagging

Common differential diagnoses

38 Vomiting

Common differential diagnoses

39 Diarrhoea

Common differential diagnoses

40 The dog with haemorrhagic gastroenteritis

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs Important differential diagnoses

41 Colitis

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs Important differential diagnoses

42 Liver disease

Aetiology and pathogenesis Common differential diagnoses

43 The dog or cat with pancreatitis

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs Important differential diagnoses

44 The dog with gastric dilatation and volvulus

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs Important differential diagnoses

45 Obstipation and megacolon

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

Section 5: Musculoskeletal problems

46 Orthopaedic problems in young and growing dogs

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

47 Forelimb lameness

Common differential diagnoses

48 Hindlimb lameness

Common differential diagnoses

49 Cranial cruciate ligament insufficiency

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

50 Advising on osteoarthritis

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

51 Initial fracture diagnosis and management

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

52 Spinal pain and intervertebral disc herniation

Common differential diagnoses

Section 6: Cardio-respiratory problems

53 Coughing

Common differential diagnoses

54 The dog with kennel cough

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

55 Sneezing and nasal discharge

Common differential diagnoses

56 The puppy or kitten with a heart murmur

Aetiology and pathogenesis Common differential diagnoses

57 The dog with heart failure

Aetiology and pathogenesis Common differential diagnoses History and clinical signs

58 The dyspnoeic cat

Common differential diagnoses

Section 7: Eye problems

59 Eyelid problems

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

60 Conjunctivitis

Common differential diagnoses

61 Corneal ulcers

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

62 Cataracts

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

63 Blindness

Common differential diagnoses

Section 8: Urinary tract problems

64 The dog with signs of cystitis or haematuria

Common differential diagnoses

65 The cat with signs of cystitis or haematuria

Common differential diagnoses

66 The blocked cat

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs Important differential diagnoses

67 The dog with urinary incontinence

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

68 Chronic renal failure

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs Important differential diagnoses

69 The dog with prostatic disease

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

Section 9: Reproductive tract problems

70 The bitch with pyometra

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

71 Pregnancy and whelping

General advice about pregnancy Complications during pregnancy Preparations for whelping The normal parturition process Dealing with the umbilical cord Checking the puppies Complications of parturition requiring veterinary intervention Caesarean section

72 Oestrus control, misalliance and false pregnancies

Oestrus control Misalliance (Mésalliance) False pregnancy

Section 10: Endocrine problems

73 The dog with hypothyroidism

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs Important differential diagnoses

74 The dog with hyperadrenocorticism

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs Important differential diagnoses

75 Diabetes mellitus

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

76 The cat with hyperthyroidism

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs Common differential diagnoses

Section 11: Emergencies and trauma

77 The road traffic accident 78 The pharyngeal foreign body

Aetiology and pathogenesis Differential diagnoses History and clinical signs

79 Problems associated with grass seeds

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

80 Burns

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

Section 12: Cancer

81 The dog or cat with cancer

Aetiology and pathogenesis Common tumours of dogs and cats

82 The dog with a mammary tumour

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

83 The dog with multicentric lymphoma

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

Section 13: Neurological problems

84 The dog having seizures

Differential diagnoses

85 Hindlimb ataxia and weakness

Common differential diagnoses

86 Vestibular disease

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs

Section 14: Behavioural problems

87 The aggressive dog

Risk assessment Common differential diagnoses

88 The frightened dog

Common differential diagnoses

89 Separation problems in the dog

Common differential diagnoses

90 House-soiling and elimination problems

Common differential diagnoses

Section 15: Poisonings

91 Dealing with suspected poisoning 92 Anticoagulant rodenticide poisoning

Aetiology and pathogenesis History and clinical signs Important differential diagnoses

Section 16: Problems in non dog/cat species

93 The sick rabbit

Common presentations and conditions affecting rabbits

94 The sick hamster

Common presentations and conditions affecting hamsters

95 The sick Guinea pig

Common presentations and conditions affecting Guinea pigs

96 The sick bird

Common presentations and conditions affecting birds

97 The sick tortoise

Common presentations and conditions affecting tortoises

Section 17: Miscellaneous

98 The post-surgery check-up

Dealing with common complications Managing dressings Monitoring progress

99 Illnesses in animals that have travelled abroad

Common differential diagnoses

100 Elective euthanasia

Reasons for euthanasia Permission for euthanasia Techniques for euthanasia Owner involvement in euthanasia consultations Euthanasia of aggressive dogs Euthanasia of aggressive or feral cats Euthanasia when no help is available After the event

Section 18: Appendices

Appendix 1 – Rational use of antibiotics

Are the animal’s clinical signs likely to be caused by a bacterial infection? Which antibiotic will be effective? What patient factors might influence the choice of antibiotic? How long a course should be given? What route and frequency of administration should be used? What cost is involved?

Appendix 2 – Rational use of glucocorticoids

Indications Potency and formulations Anti-pruritic and anti-inflammatory therapy Immunosuppressive therapy Adverse effects of glucocorticoids

Appendix 3 – General principles of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use for the treatment of musculoskeletal pain

Indications General treatment principles Adverse effects

Appendix 4 – Weight loss and obesity control

Diagnosis Management

Appendix 5 – Interpretation of haematology and biochemistry profiles

Haematology (complete blood count) Biochemistry (clinical chemistry)

Abbreviations Index

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